| Tigrana | |
| Settlement Type: | Village |
| Pushpin Map: | India Haryana#India |
| Pushpin Label Position: | right |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Haryana, India |
| Coordinates: | 28.862°N 76.137°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | India |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Haryana |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Bhiwani |
| Subdivision Type3: | Mandal |
| Subdivision Name3: | Bhiwani |
| Unit Pref: | Metric |
| Population Total: | 10712 |
| Population As Of: | 2011 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Demographics Type1: | Languages |
| Demographics1 Title1: | Official |
| Demographics1 Info1: | Hindi |
| Timezone1: | IST |
| Utc Offset1: | +5:30 |
| Postal Code Type: | PIN |
Tigrana is a village and Indus Valley civilisation (IVC) archaeological sites in the Bhiwani district of Haryana state of India. It lies on the NH-709A (Loharu-Bhiwani-Mundhal-Jind route) approximately north of the district headquarters town of Bhiwani.
, the village had 2,053 households with a population of 10,712 of which 5,703 were male and 5,009 female. All inhabitants are Hindus and the dominant castes are Rajputs,Brahmins, OBC and SC.
Tigrana is famous for the temple Baba Paramhans Tigrania (BabaChorewala)Coordinates(28.858697,76.139496). Each year the temple celebrates a Hindu festival (melā) in the month of Shraavana (5th tithi of the month of Shraavana and 700 years old lord shiva temple Coordinates(28.862761,76.141006)
See also: Archaeological culture.
In 2021, Central University of Haryana under the leadership of the Excavation Director Professor Dr. Narendra Parmar. It is carried out in association with the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute in which students from Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Maharashtra, and Kerala also participated. Excavation is also aimed at finding out the source and trade network of bronze, copper, precious stones, jewellery, agriculture, economics, food habits and consumables, domestic and wildlife species, etc.[2]
See also: Phase (archaeology), Chronological dating, Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation and Pottery in the Indian subcontinent.
Dating and scientific tests were done at the laboratory of Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences (BSIP) at Lucknow. Artifacts were dated to be 5000 years old belonging to the "Early Harappan Phase".[2]
See also: Harappan language and Meluhha.
A 5000 year old seal was found with 4 alphabets of the IVC script and language painted in black. This seal has 4 alphabets or characters, from right to left, a vertical fish shaped character, followed by two upward arrow shaped characters and finally a U-shaped character. Elsewhere, overall nearly 500 characters or alphabets of IVC script have been found which are yet to be deciphered.[2]
A house made of 10 x 20 x 34 cm mud bricks was found which had one large room, courtyard, gallery or veranda, two small rooms and a kitchen. Pottery of baked clay found here includes kitchen utensils, such as thali (platter), matka (pot), bowl, "bela" (flat-bottomed wide and shallow bowl with rim), and other kitchen artifacts with attractive paintings.[2]
Bronze metal was found. Other finds include semi-precious stones such as agate, carnelian, sodalite, steatite (soapstone), faience, etc. which were used for making jewelry and lockets. Bangles and beads made from conch shell, baked clay beads and bangles, etc. were also found.[2]
BSIP tests concluded that 5000 years ago five crops, namely "bajara" (pearl millet), barley, "jawar" (sorghum), and pulses were cultivated at Tigrana. Some of the pottery is painted with the pictures of paddy (rice) crop. Finds include terracotta figurines of animals of which the bull figurines are most numerous indicating the abundance and importance of domesticated bull in the local agriculture and economy. Figurine of bullock cart was also found.[2]
See also: Indus–Mesopotamia relations.
Carnelian found here, which is not found locally and is found around Gulf of Khambhat, indicates trade with Gujarat via shipping channels of paleo-Sarasvati River.[2]
There are several Indus Valley civilisation sites and cultures nearby.