| Tianhe | |
| Postal Code: | 510630 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal code |
| Settlement Type: | District |
| Image Map1: | Administrative Division Guangzhou.png |
| Mapsize1: | 200px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision Type1: | Province |
| Subdivision Name1: | Guangdong |
| Subdivision Type2: | Sub-provincial city |
| Subdivision Name2: | Guangzhou |
| Area Code: | 020 |
| Area Total Km2: | 96.33 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 census[1] |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Total: | 2,241,826 |
| Timezone: | China Standard |
| Utc Offset: | +8 |
| Website: | http://www.thnet.gov.cn/ |
| S: | 天河区 |
| T: | 天河區 |
| P: | Tīanhé Qū |
| Gd: | Tin1ho4 Kêu1 |
| J: | Tin1ho4 Keoi1 |
| Y: | Tīnhòh Kēui |
| C2: | 天河 |
| P2: | Tīanhé |
| Gd2: | Tin1ho4 |
| J2: | Tin1ho4 |
| Y2: | Tīnhòh |
| Showflag: | jp |
| Order: | st |
Tianhe District is one of the eleven districts of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province. In Chinese, the name Tianhe literally means "a river in the sky/heavens", which is also a Chinese name for the Milky Way. It is bordered by Yuexiu District on the west, Baiyun District on the north and Huangpu District on the east. Haizhu District is on its south, though they are separated by the Pearl River.
Tianhe became a district in the 1980s as the city expanded its size. Back then, it was east of Dongshan District (which was merged into Yuexiu in 2005) and retained a suburban or even rural atmosphere. A majority of colleges and universities in the city were located in the district. However, Tianhe District has seen a sharp decline in arable land at an average rate of 1,000 mu per year due to urbanization since 1991.[2] Tianhe has since developed into one of the most desirable areas in Guangzhou.[3]
Symbolic landmarks of Guangzhou located in Tianhe District are: Citic Plaza, Guangzhou International Finance Center, Guangzhou Opera House, and the Guangdong Museum. The 6th and 9th of The National Games of the People's Republic of China, and the 2010 Asian Games were also held in Tianhe District, Guangzhou.
Prehistoric population settled in what is now Longdong Subdistrict (Chinese: 龙洞村) in the Neolithic Period.[4] Eastern Han tombs were discovered in Tianhe. During the Song Dynasty, Tianhe area was called Dashuixu .[5] The area of modern Tianhe District was part of Panyu County for more than two thousand years. The area was gradually put under Guangzhou's administration between 1937 and 1958. By the liberation of Guangzhou (October 1949), there were two districts in Tianhe area, namely Shahe (Chinese: 沙河区) and Shipai (Chinese: 石牌区). In 1951 both districts were merged into the newly established Baiyun District, while five years later Baiyun was further merged with Huangpu and Xinjiao Districts to form suburban district (Chinese: 郊区). In 1960 Jiaoqu was dissolved and the area consisting of modern Tianhe became Huangpu District, however it was reestablished two years later. In 1985 part of Jiaoqu was split, and Tianhe District was established then.
In 1987 Tonghe Town (Chinese: 同和镇) was put into Baiyun District. In 1992 Yangji Cun was put into Dongshan District. By 1994, Kemulang (Chinese: 柯木塱), Yushatan (Chinese: 渔沙坦), and Fenghuang (Chinese: 凤凰) Farms along with Shadongcun (Chinese: 沙东村) and Erduicun were placed under Tianhe
| Name | Population (2010)[6] | Area (km2) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese: 长兴街道 | Chinese: Chángxīng Jiēdào | cêng4 hing1 gai1 dou6 | 66,098 | 13.21 | ||
| Chinese: 车陂街道 | Chinese: Chēbēi Jiēdào | cé1 béi1 gai1 dou6 | 102,787 | 5.60 | ||
| Chinese: 凤凰街道 | Chinese: Fènghuáng Jiēdào | fung6 wong4 gai1 dou6 | 19,534 | 22.99 | ||
| Chinese: 黄村街道 | Chinese: Huángcūn Jiēdào | wong4 qun1 gai1 dou6 | 29,501 | 6.17 | ||
| Chinese: 猎德街道 | Chinese: Lièdé Jiēdào | lib6 deg1 gai1 dou6 | 22,522 | 3.10 | ||
| Chinese: 林和街道 | Chinese: Línhé Jiēdào | lam4 wo4*2 gai1 dou6 | 59,732 | 3.80 | ||
| Chinese: 龙洞街道 | Chinese: Lóngdòng Jiēdào | lung4 dung6*2 gai1 dou6 | 70,055 | 11.70 | ||
| Chinese: 前进街道 | Chinese: Qiánjìn Jiēdào | qin4 zên3 gai1 dou6 | 59,700 | 4.90 | ||
| Chinese: 沙东街道 | Chinese: Shādōng Jiēdào | sa1 dung1 gai1 dou6 | 29,522 | 2.16 | ||
| Chinese: 沙河街道 | Chinese: Shāhé Jiēdào | sa1 ho4*2 gai1 dou6 | 42,814 | 1.26 | ||
| Chinese: 石牌街道 | Chinese: Shípái Jiēdào | ség6 pai4 gai1 dou6 | 177,198 | 4.30 | ||
| Chinese: 棠下街道 | Chinese: Tángxià Jiēdào | tong4 ha6 gai1 dou6 | 177,864 | 7.42 | ||
| Chinese: 天河南街道 | Chinese: Tiānhénán Jiēdào | tin 1ho4 nam4 gai1 dou6 | 62,912 | 2.08 | ||
| Chinese: 天园街道 | Chinese: Tiānyuán Jiēdào | tin1 yun4 gai1 dou6 | 54,769 | 4.03 | ||
| Chinese: 五山街道 | Chinese: Wǔshān Jiēdào | ng5 san1 gai1 dou6 | 131,795 | 10.59 | ||
| Chinese: 冼村街道 | Chinese: Xiǎncūn Jiēdào | xin2 qun1 gai1 dou6 | 51,284 | 4.07 | ||
| Chinese: 兴华街道 | Chinese: Xìnghuá Jiēdào | hing1 wa4 gai1 dou6 | 68,139 | 4.28 | ||
| Chinese: 新塘街道 | Chinese: Xīntáng Jiēdào | sen1 tong4 gai1 dou6 | 41,207 | 14.95 | ||
| Chinese: 员村街道 | Chinese: Yuáncūn Jiēdào | yun4 qun1 gai1 dou6 | 81,831 | 5.37 | ||
| Chinese: 元岗街道 | Chinese: Yuángǎng Jiēdào | yun4 gong1 gai1 dou6 | 30,610 | 3.23 | ||
| Chinese: 珠吉街道 | Chinese: Zhūjí Jiēdào | ju1 ged1 gai1 dou6 | 52,552 | 10.01 |
The first big project built in the district during the 1980s was the Tianhe Sports Center when the city was selected to host the Sixth National Games in 1986. The complex includes a stadium of 65,000 seats, a gymnasium and an indoor swimming pool. Its construction had a lasting impact on the development of the district. Soon other projects followed and rice fields gave way to residential complexes called xiaoqu (meaning "little districts"). The construction of xiaoqu began in the mid and late eighties and most of them had residential buildings of no more than 10 stories. Each floor was kept to no more than four units due to the lack of elevators since they would increase the construction cost. Also, due to the sheer number of residential buildings – some xiaoqu had more than 20 residential buildings – a lot of land was needed and thus converted.
The building of Guangzhou East railway station in 1990 further contributed to the growth of the district. The old Guangzhou Railway Station is 10km (10miles) to the west and was the terminus for trains to and from Beijing and Hong Kong. To relieve the traffic, the East Railroad Station was built and is now the terminus for trains to and from Hong Kong and Shenzhen.
As the district developed, the size of xiaoqu became smaller since land became more valuable and expensive. Most of the new xiaoqu now only consist of four to six residential buildings but each can contain 30 floors or more since the growth of district attracted big developers where the cost of construction (such as elevators) was no longer an issue. Also, taller residential buildings gave rise to taller office buildings.
South of the Sports Center and north of the Zhujiang River is Zhujiang New Town, an area desolate a decade ago but which is now one of the fastest-developing areas of Guangzhou. Many of Guangzhou's newest and most iconic buildings are found in this part of the district.
Several venues used for the 2010 Asian Games are located in Tianhe District.
The Consulate General of the United States, Guangzhou is in Zhujiang New Town, Tianhe District.[18]
Many of the city's colleges and universities are located in the district. They include:
International schools in the district include:
Former international schools:
Besides the Guangzhou East railway station (referred to by locals as simply "East Station"), Tianhe is also the terminus for several Guangzhou Metro lines, and one line goes through it:
Tianhe is currently service by five metro lines operated by Guangzhou Metro:
