Thorne system explained

A system of plant taxonomy, the Thorne system of plant classification was devised by the American botanist Robert F. Thorne (1920–2015) in 1968, and he continued to issue revisions over many years (1968–2007).

Some versions of the system are available online. The Bioinformatics Working Group Center for the Study of Digital Libraries at Texas A&M University lists the March 1999 version[1] (and other classification systems).[2] James Reveal's course lecture notes (1999) also gives an account of the Thorne system at that time, with an extensive listing of synonyms, both nomenclatural and taxonomic, for each name in the system together with several other classification systems.

For a discussion of the various suffixes used for superorders (-florae vs. -anae), see Brummitt 1992, and Thorne 1992. In this latter paper, Thorne sets out his reasons for abandoning -florae for -anae, following contemporary practice.

1968 System

Monocotyledons

Superorders

Order Liliales

1992 System

The 1992 system lists 69 orders and 440 families

Summary

Subclass Magnoliidae [= [[dicotyledons]] ]

Superorder Magnolianae

Superorder Nymphaeanae

Superorder Rafflesianae

Superorder Caryophyllanae

Superorder Theanae

Superorder Celastranae

Superorder Malvanae

Superorder Violanae

Superorder Santalanae

Superorder Geranianae

Superorder Rutanae

Superorder Proteanae

Superorder Rosanae

Superorder Cornanae

Superorder Asteranae

Superorder Solananae

Superorder Loasanae

Superorder Myrtanae

Superorder Gentiananae

Subclass Liliidae [= monocotyledons ]

Superorder Lilianae

Superorder Hydatellanae

Superorder Triuridanae

Superorder Alismatanae

Superorder Aranae

Superorder Cyclanthanae

Superorder Pandananae

Superorder Arecanae

Superorder Commelinanae

Magnoliidae

Subclass Magnoliidae [= dicotyledons ]

Superorder Magnolianae

Order Magnoliales

Family Winteraceae

Family Illiciaceae

Family Schisandraceae

Family Magnoliaceae

Family Degeneriaceae

Family Himantandraceae

Family Eupomatiaceae

Family Annonaceae

Family Aristolochiaceae

Family Myristicaceae

Family Canellaceae

Family Austrobaileyaceae

Family Amborellaceae

Family Trimeniaceae

Family Chloranthaceae

Family Monimiaceae

Family Gomortegaceae

Family Calycanthaceae

Family Lauraceae

Family Hernandiaceae

Family Lactoridaceae

Family Saururaceae

Family Piperaceae

Order Ceratophyllales

Family Ceratophyllaceae

Order Nelumbonales

Family Nelumbonaceae

Order Paeoniales

Family Paeoniaceae

Family Glaucidiaceae

Order Berberidales

Family Menispermaceae

Family Lardizabalaceae

Family Sargentodoxaceae

Family Berberidaceae

Family Hydrastidaceae

Family Ranunculaceae

Family Circaeasteraceae

Family Papaveraceae

Superorder Nymphaeanae

Order Nymphaeales

Family Cabombaceae

Family Nymphaeaceae

Superorder Rafflesianae

Order Rafflesiales

Family Hydnoraceae

Family Rafflesiaceae

Superorder Caryophyllanae

Order Caryophyllales

Family Caryophyllaceae

Family Portulacaceae

Family Hectorellaceae

Family Basellaceae

Family Didiereaceae

Family Cactaceae

Family Phytolaccaceae

Family Petiveriaceae

Family Agdestidaceae

Family Barbeuiaceae

Family Achatocarpaceae

Family Stegnospermataceae

Family Nyctaginaceae

Family Aizoaceae

Family Halophytaceae

Family Molluginaceae

Family Chenopodiaceae

Family Amaranthaceae

Superorder Theanae

Order Theales

Family Dilleniaceae

Family Actinidiaceae

Family Paracryphiaceae

Family Stachyuraceae

Family Theaceae

Family Asteropeiaceae

Family Tetrameristaceae

Family Pellicieraceae

Family Chrysobalanaceae

Family Symplocaceae

Family Caryocaraceae

Family Marcgraviaceae

Family Oncothecaceae

Family Aquifoliaceae

Family Phellinaceae

Family Sphenostemonaceae

Family Sarraceniaceae

Family Pentaphylacaceae

Family Clethraceae

Family Cyrillaceae

Family Ochnaceae

Family Quiinaceae

Family Scytopetalaceae

Family Medusagynaceae

Family Strasburgeriaceae

Family Ancistrocladaceae

Family Dioncophyllaceae

Family Nepenthaceae

Family Bonnetiaceae

Family Clusiaceae

Family Elatinaceae

Family Lecythidaceae

Order Ericales

Family Ericaceae

Family Epacridaceae

Family Empetraceae

Order Fouquieriales

Family Fouquieriaceae

Order Styracales

Family Ebenaceae

Family Lissocarpaceae

Family Sapotaceae

Family Styracaceae

Order Primulales

Family Theophrastaceae

Family Myrsinaceae

Family Primulaceae

Family Plumbaginaceae

Order Polygonales

Family Polygonaceae

Superorder Celastranae

Order Celastrales

Family Celastraceae

Family Goupiaceae

Family Lophopyxidaceae

Family Stackhousiaceae

Family Corynocarpaceae

Superorder Malvanae

Order Malvales

Family Sterculiaceae

Family Huaceae

Family Elaeocarpaceae

Family Plagiopteraceae

Family Tiliaceae

Family Monotaceae

Family Dipterocarpaceae

Family Sarcolaenaceae

Family Sphaerosepalaceae

Family Bombacaceae

Family Malvaceae

Order Urticales

Family Ulmaceae

Family Moraceae

Family Cecropiaceae

Family Barbeyaceae

Family Urticaceae

Family Cannabaceae

Order Rhamnales

Family Rhamnaceae

Family Elaeagnaceae

Order Euphorbiales

Family Euphorbiaceae

Family Aextoxicaceae

Family Simmondsiaceae

Family Dichapetalaceae

Family Gonystylaceae

Family Thymelaeaceae

Superorder Violanae

Order Violales

Family Bixaceae

Family Cochlospermaceae

Family Cistaceae

Family Violaceae

Family Flacourtiaceae

Family Physenaceae

Family Lacistemataceae

Family Salicaceae

Family Dipentodontaceae

Family Peridiscaceae

Family Scyphostegiaceae

Family Passifloraceae

Family Turneriaceae

Family Malesherbiaceae

Family Achariaceae

Family Caricaceae

Family Tamaricaceae

Family Frankeniaceae

Family Cucurbitaceae

Family Begoniaceae

Family Datiscaceae

Order Brassicales

Family Resedaceae

Family Capparaceae

Family Brassicaceae

Family Salvadoraceae

Family Gyrostemonaceae

Order Batales

Family Bataceae

Superorder Santalanae

Order Santalales

Family Olacaceae

Family Opiliaceae

Family Medusandraceae

Family Santalaceae

Family Misodendraceae

Family Loranthaceae

Family Eremolepidaceae

Family Viscaceae

Order Balanophorales

Family Balanophoraceae

Family Cynomoriaceae

Superorder Geranianae

Order Linales

Family Humiriaceae

Family Ctenolophonaceae

Family Hugoniaceae

Family Ixonanthaceae

Family Linaceae

Family Erythroxylaceae

Family Zygophyllaceae

Family Balanitaceae

Order Rhizophorales

Family Rhizophoraceae

Order Geraniales

Family Oxalidaceae

Family Geraniaceae

Family Balsaminaceae

Family Tropaeolaceae

Family Limnanthaceae

Order Polygalales

Family Malpighiaceae

Family Trigoniaceae

Family Vochysiaceae

Family Polygalaceae

Family Krameriaceae

Superorder Rutanae

Order Rutales

Family Rutaceae

Family Rhabdodendraceae

Family Cneoraceae

Family Simaroubaceae

Family Picramniaceae

Family Ptaeroxylaceae

Family Meliaceae

Family Burseraceae

Family Anacardiaceae

Family Leitneriaceae

Family Tepuianthaceae

Family Coriariaceae

Family Sapindaceae

Family Sabiaceae

Family Melianthaceae

Family Akaniaceae

Family Bretschneideraceae

Family Moringaceae

Family Surianaceae

Family Connaraceae

Family Fabaceae

Superorder Proteanae

Order Proteales

Family Proteaceae

Superorder Rosanae

Order Hamamelidales

Family Trochodendraceae

Family Eupteleaceae

Family Cercidiphyllaceae

Family Platanaceae

Family Hamamelidaceae

Order Casuarinales

Family Casuarinaceae

Order Balanopales

Family Buxaceae

Family Didymelaceae

Family Daphniphyllaceae

Family Balanopaceae

Order Bruniales

Family Roridulaceae

Family Bruniaceae

Family Geissolomataceae

Family Grubbiaceae

Family Myrothamnaceae

Family Hydrostachyaceae

Order Juglandales

Family Rhoipteleaceae

Family Juglandaceae

Family Myricaceae

Order Betulales

Family Ticodendraceae

Family Betulaceae

Family Nothofagaceae

Family Fagaceae

Order Rosales

Family Rosaceae

Family Neuradaceae

Family Crossosomataceae

Family Anisophylleaceae

Order Saxifragales

Family Tetracarpaeaceae

Family Crassulaceae

Family Cephalotaceae

Family Penthoraceae

Family Saxifragaceae

Family Francoaceae

Family Grossulariaceae

Family Vahliaceae

Family Eremosynaceae

Family Lepuropetalaceae

Family Parnassiaceae

Family Stylidiaceae

Family Droseraceae

Family Greyiaceae

Family Diapensiaceae

Order Podostemales

Family Podostemaceae

Order Cunoniales

Family Cunoniaceae

Family Davidsoniaceae

Family Staphyleaceae

Superorder Cornanae

Order Hydrangeales

Family Hydrangeaceae

Family Escalloniaceae

Family Carpodetaceae

Family Griseliniaceae

Family Alseuosmiaceae

Family Montiniaceae

Family Brexiaceae

Family Columelliaceae

Family Desfontainiaceae

Order Cornales

Family Vitaceae

Family Gunneraceae

Family Haloragaceae

Family Cornaceae

Family Curtisiaceae

Family Alangiaceae

Family Garryaceae

Family Aucubaceae

Family Aralidiaceae

Family Eucommiaceae

Family Icacinaceae

Family Metteniusaceae

Family Cardiopteridaceae

Family Peripterygiaceae

Order Pittosporales

Family Pittosporaceae

Family Byblidaceae

Family Tremandraceae

Order Araliales

Family Helwingiaceae

Family Torricelliaceae

Family Araliaceae

Family Hydrocotylaceae

Family Apiaceae

Order Dipsacales

Family Caprifoliaceae

Family Adoxaceae

Family Valerianaceae

Family Triplostegiaceae

Family Dipsacaceae

Family Morinaceae

Superorder Asteranae

Order Asterales

Family Calyceraceae

Family Asteraceae

Order Campanulales

Family Menyanthaceae

Family Pentaphragmataceae

Family Sphenocleaceae

Family Campanulaceae

Family Goodeniaceae

Superorder Solananae

Order Solanales

Family Solanaceae

Family Duckeodendraceae

Family Goetzeaceae

Family Nolanaceae

Family Convolvulaceae

Family Hydrophyllaceae

Family Boraginaceae

Family Hoplestigmataceae

Family Lennoaceae

Family Tetrachondraceae

Family Polemoniaceae

Superorder Loasanae

Order Loasales

Family Loasaceae

Superorder Myrtanae

Order Myrtales

Family Lythraceae

Family Alzateaceae

Family Rhynchocalycaceae

Family Penaeaceae

Family Oliniaceae

Family Trapaceae

Family Crypteroniaceae

Family Melastomataceae

Family Combretaceae

Family Onagraceae

Family Myrtaceae

Superorder Gentiananae

Order Gentianales

Family Loganiaceae

Family Rubiaceae

Family Dialypetalanthaceae

Family Apocynaceae

Family Gentianaceae

Family Saccifoliaceae

Order Scrophulariales

Family Oleaceae

Family Buddlejaceae

Family Stilbaceae

Family Bignoniaceae

Family Pedaliaceae

Family Martyniaceae

Family Myoporaceae

Family Scrophulariaceae

Family Gesneriaceae

Family Globulariaceae

Family Plantaginaceae

Family Lentibulariaceae

Family Acanthaceae

Family Callitrichaceae

Family Hippuridaceae

Family Verbenaceae

Family Phrymaceae

Family Symphoremataceae

Family Nesogenaceae

Family Avicenniaceae

Family Lamiaceae

Liliidae

Subclass Liliidae [= monocotyledons ]

Superorder Lilianae

Order Liliales

Family Melanthiaceae

Family Campynemataceae

Family Alstroemeriaceae

Family Colchicaceae

Family Liliaceae

Family Trilliaceae

Family Iridaceae

Order Burmanniales

Family Burmanniaceae

Family Corsiaceae

Order Asparagales

Family Asparagaceae

Family Luzuriagaceae

Family Asphodelaceae

Family Aphyllanthaceae

Family Phormiaceae

Family Tecophilaeaceae

Family Lanariaceae

Family Hemerocallidaceae

Family Asteliaceae

Family Hanguanaceae

Family Agavaceae

Family Hostaceae

Family Blandfordiaceae

Family Dasypogonaceae

Family Xanthorrhoeaceae

Family Ixioliriaceae

Family Hyacinthaceae

Family Alliaceae

Family Amaryllidaceae

Family Hypoxidaceae

Family Velloziaceae

Family Cyanastraceae

Family Eriospermaceae

Order Dioscoreales

Family Philesiaceae

Family Ripogonaceae

Family Petermanniaceae

Family Smilacaceae

Family Dioscoreaceae

Family Trichopodaceae

Family Stemonaceae

Family Taccaceae

Order Orchidales

Family Orchidaceae

Superorder Hydatellanae

Order Hydatellales

Family Hydatellaceae

Superorder Triuridanae

Order Triuridales

Family Triuridaceae

Superorder Alismatanae

Order Alismatales

Family Butomaceae

Family Alismataceae

Family Hydrocharitaceae

Order Potamogetonales

Family Aponogetonaceae

Family Scheuchzeriaceae

Family Juncaginaceae

Family Potamogetonaceae

Family Posidoniaceae

Family Cymodoceaceae

Family Zannichelliaceae

Family Zosteraceae

Superorder Aranae

Order Acorales

Family Acoraceae

Order Arales

Family Araceae

Family Lemnaceae

Superorder Cyclanthanae

Order Cyclanthales

Family Cyclanthaceae

Superorder Pandananae

Order Pandanales

Family Pandanaceae

Superorder Arecanae

Order Arecales

Family Arecaceae

Superorder Commelinanae

Order Bromeliales

Family Bromeliaceae

Order Philydrales

Family Philydraceae

Family Pontederiaceae

Family Haemodoraceae

Order Typhales

Family Typhaceae

Order Zingiberales

Family Musaceae

Family Strelitziaceae

Family Lowiaceae

Family Heliconiaceae

Family Zingiberaceae

Family Costaceae

Family Cannaceae

Family Marantaceae

Order Commelinales

Family Rapateaceae

Family Xyridaceae

Family Commelinaceae

Family Mayacaceae

Family Eriocaulaceae

Order Juncales

Family Thurniaceae

Family Juncaceae

Family Cyperaceae

Order Poales

Family Flagellariaceae

Family Joinvilleaceae

Family Restionaceae

Family Ecdeiocoleaceae

Family Centrolepidaceae

Family Poaceae

2007 System

The 2007 system lists 12 subclasses, 35 superorders, 87 orders, 40 suborders, and 472 families. It uses the suffixes given in the following example.

Class Magnoliopsida ("Angiospermae") - 12 subclasses

Subclasses (12)

Note: Monocotyledons are represented here by 3 separate subclasses 3–5

Bibliography

Works by Thorne

Notes and References

  1. http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/newgate/thor1ang.htm Robert F. Thorne. 1992. Classification and Geography of Flowering Plants. Botanical Review 58: 225-348 as updated December, 1992 and March, 1999.
  2. http://botany.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/newgate/cronang.htm Texas A&M Flowering Plant Gateway