Thomas Perry (luthier) explained

Thomas Perry

Native Name:

Tomás de Poire

Native Name Lang:

Birth Place:

County Laois, Ireland

Death Place:

Dublin, Ireland

Movement:

Irish school

Spouse:

Elizabeth Smyth (m. 1766)

Module:

Child:	yes
Signature:	File:Thomas Perry signature.svg
Signature Size:	200

Thomas Perry (Irish: Tomás de Poire; – November 1818) was an Irish luthier who introduced a type of bowed psaltery known as the cither viol or sultana.^[1] He is regarded as one of Ireland's most influential violin makers and is often referred to as 'The Irish Stradivari'.^[2] Perry's output was quite prolific and his shop has been credited with making over 4,000 instruments. His violins are usually numbered on the button and inscribed just below the button "PERRY DUBLIN".

Biography

Perry was probably born in County Laois, Ireland^[3] to John Perry, an established violin maker (died 1787), and worked in the Temple Bar of Dublin.

Career

Perry followed in the footsteps of his father, and began working as a luthier in his shop in Dublin. His earliest documented violin is dated 1764. Perry took over his fathers shop around 1766 and by 1770, Perry had established his business in nearby Anglesea Street. Perry operated the business until he died in 1818. His will indicates that he left his finished and unfinished instruments to his son-in-law, William Wilkinson, along with his working implements and his stock-in-trade. After Perry's death, Wilkinson operated the business under the name of 'Perry and Wilkinson'.^[4]

Thomas Perry numbered all his violins and is known to have made more than 4,000.^[5] As well as making first-class violins, Perry also made violas, cellos and at least one double-bass, some of which are in the collection of the National Museum of Ireland.^[6] He invented the cither-viol or sultana in the 1760s and was renowned for the quality and beauty of his instruments.^[7] Tradition has it that Perry was able to copy an Amati lent to him by the Duke of Leinster, but his other models are of a more Tyrolean type or reminiscent of the work of Richard Duke in London.^[8]

The violin maker Richard Tobin, who later set up business in London, was one of his apprentices, and Vincenzo Panormo worked with Perry prior to moving to London. His pupils included violin makers John Delany, John Mackintosh, William Ringwood, and William Wilkinson (1771-1838), who married Perry's eldest daughter Elizabeth in June 1794 and carried on the business after Perry's death until 1839.^[7]

Instrument list

Violins

1764 (no. 35): The Leixlip Perry, earliest identified Perry instrument^[9]
1768 (no. 408): last identified from Christ Church Yard^[9]
(no. ?): The Longford Perry^[9]
(no. 418): sold by Tarisio in 2011 (Cozio 23823)^[10]
1771 (no. 540): earliest identified from Anglesea Street^[9]
1772 (no. 535): sold by Sotheby's on 22 March 1994^[9]
1780 (no. ?): The Papini Perry, formerly Cruise collection, used by Guido Papini, National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[2]
1780 (no. ?): Cruise Violin II, formerly Cruise collection, National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[2]
1782 (no. 1144)^[9]
1792 (no. 1709)
1795 (no. 2084)
(no. 3440): Sotheby's auction catalogue, 22 November 1984, lot 95^[11]
1822 (no. ?): Florian Leonhard collection, used by Deniz Şensoy

Cither viols & sultanas

1767: National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[1]
1767: Victoria and Albert Museum, London^[12]
: Springer Sisters collection, Kent^[1]
1769: The Trimble Perry, Gerald Trimble collection^[1]
1770: National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[6]
: Gerald Trimble collection^[1]
: Stearns collection, University of Michigan, Michigan^[1]
1792: National Museums Liverpool^[1]
1794: Museum of Fine Arts, Boston^[1]
1802: National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[6]

Viola d'amores

1777 (no. 030): National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[1]
1801 (no. 2038): National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[1]

Cellos & double basses

(?): Cruise Cello, formerly Cruise collection, National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[2]
(?): Perry Bass, only identified double bass by Perry, National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[2]

Guittars

: The Takeuchi Perry, Taro Takeuchi collection^[13]
1790: National Museum of Ireland, Dublin [1913.397]^[14]
(?): National Museum of Ireland, Dublin [1908.17]^[14]
(?): Victoria and Albert Museum, Dublin [222-1882]^[14]
(?): Sotheby's auction catalogue, 22 May 1986, lot 186, p. 174^[14]
(?): Phillips auction catalogue, 14 September 1978, lot 41, p. 12^[14]
(?): Sotheby's auction catalogue, 14 February 1974, lot 34, p. 10^[14]

Pochettes

: National Music Museum, South Dakota^[15]
(?): National Museum of Ireland, Dublin^[6]

References

Bibliography

A. McGoogan: "Thomas Perry: An Eighteenth-Century Irish Musical Instrument Maker", National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin Museum Bulletin, vol. 1, no. 3 (Dublin, 1911), p. 11−14
W.H. Grattan Flood: "A Famous Dublin Fiddle Maker", in: The Irish Independent, 24 April 1920
Joan Tighe: "Thomas Perry of Anglesea Street, Dublin", in: Dublin Historical Record vol. 18 no. 1 (1962), p. 24−31
Jane Ryan: "Thomas Perry and His Violins", in: The Irish Times, 18 August 1978
John Kenneth Rice: The Life and Work of Thomas Perry (unpublished MA thesis, Maynooth University, 1993)

Citations

Notes and References

Poulopoulos . Panagiotis . Durkin . Rachael . May 2016 . 'A very mistaken identification': the 'sultana' or 'cither viol' and its links to the bowed psaltery, viola d'amore and guittar . Early Music . 44 . 2 . 307–331 . 10.1093/em/caw047 .
Tighe . Joan . December 1962 . Thomas Perry of Anglesea Street, Dublin . Dublin Historical Record . 18 . 1 . 24–31 . 10.1093/em/caw047 . 30102744 .
Molony, Orla: "Perry, Thomas", in: The Encyclopaedia of Music in Ireland, ed. by Harry White and Barra Boydell (Dublin: UCD Press, 2013), p.829–30).
Tighe (1962)
Molony (2013); as above.
Book: Gogan, L.S. . Fleischmann . Aloys . 1952 . Music in Ireland: a Symposium . Musical Instrument Collections in the National Museum of Ireland . 303 . Cork . Cork University Press.
Irish Times, William Galland Stuart, 21 September 1973
Brian W. Harvey: The Violin Family and its Makers in the British Isles, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1995. pp 183-185
Rice . John Kenneth . 1993 . The Life and Work of Thomas Perry . Doctorate . 57 . St Patrick's College, Maynooth.
Web site: Thomas Perry II, Dublin, c. 1770 . . 18 April 2021.
Brian . Boydell . Brian Boydell Dublin Music Trade Card Index . https://www.dublinmusictrade.ie/card-index . Dublin Music Trade . Dublin.
Web site: Cither Viol . . 29 January 2019.
Web site: My original instruments . Taro Takeuchi . 30 January 2019.
Poulopoulos . Panagiotis . 2011 . The Guittar in the British Isles, 1750-1810 . PhD . Appendix I . The University of Edinburgh . https://era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/5776 . 20 April 2021.
Web site: Kit (Dancing Master's Fiddle) by Thomas Perry, Dublin, Ireland, ca. 1780-1800 . NMM Collections . . 18 April 2021.