| Thomas Boyd Caldwell | |
| Constituency Mp: | Lanark North |
| Parliament: | Canadian |
| Predecessor: | Bennett Rosamond |
| Successor: | William Thoburn |
| Term Start: | 1904 |
| Term End: | 1908 |
| Birth Date: | 22 February 1856 |
| Birth Place: | Lanark, Canada West |
| Party: | Liberal |
Thomas Boyd Caldwell (February 22, 1856 - March 26, 1932) was a Canadian politician.
Born in Lanark, Canada West, the son of Boyd Caldwell and Dinah Waugh, Caldwell was educated at the Lanark Public School and theKingston Collegiate Institute. A woolen manufacturer, he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral district of Lanark North in the 1904 federal election. A Liberal, he was defeated in 1900 (by only 7 votes), 1908 (by only 6 votes), and 1911. From 1883 to 1893, he was a Captain and Paymaster with the 42nd Lanark and Renfrew Battalion of Infantry.