38th United States Congress explained

Imagedate:	1861
Number:	38th
Start:	March 4, 1863
End:	March 4, 1865
Vp:	Hannibal Hamlin (R)
Pro Tem:	Solomon Foot (R) Daniel Clark (R)
Speaker:	Schuyler Colfax (R)
Senators:	52
Reps:	184
Delegates:	10
S-Majority:	Republican
H-Majority:	Republican
Sessionnumber1:	Special
Sessionstart1:	March 4, 1863
Sessionend1:	March 14, 1863
Sessionnumber2:	1st
Sessionstart2:	December 7, 1863
Sessionend2:	July 4, 1864
Sessionnumber3:	2nd
Sessionstart3:	December 5, 1864
Sessionend3:	March 3, 1865
Previous:	37th
Next:	39th

The 38th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1863, to March 4, 1865, during the last two years of President Abraham Lincoln's first term in office. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House of Representatives had a Republican plurality.

Major events

See also: 1863 in the United States, 1864 in the United States and 1865 in the United States.

• American Civil War, which had started in 1861, continued through this Congress and ended later in 1865
• January 8, 1863: Ground broken in Sacramento, California, on the construction of the First transcontinental railroad in the United States
• November 19, 1863: Gettysburg Address
• November 8, 1864: President Abraham Lincoln is reelected, defeating George McClellan.

Major legislation

• April 22, 1864: Coinage Act of 1864, Sess. 1, ch. 66,
• June 25, 1864: Washington County Public Schools Act ("An Act to provide for the Public Instruction of Youth in the County of Washington, District of Columbia, and for other Purposes"), Sess. 1, ch. 156,
• June 30, 1864: Yosemite Valley Grant Act, Sess. 1,
• March 3, 1865: Freedmen's Bureau, Sess. 2, ch. 90,

Major bills not enacted

• Wade–Davis Bill passed both houses July 2, 1864, but pocket vetoed

Constitutional amendments

• • • January 31, 1865: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution abolishing slavery in the United States and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification Amendment was later ratified on December 6, 1865, becoming the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Treaties ratified

• February 9, 1865: Chippewa Indians,

States admitted and territories organized

States

• June 19, 1863: West Virginia admitted (formed from a portion of Virginia), (see also)
• October 31, 1864: Nevada admitted, (see also)

Territories

• May 26, 1864: Montana Territory organized, Sess. 1, ch. 95,

States in rebellion

See main article: Confederate States of America.

See also: Secession in the United States. The Confederacy fielded armies and sustained the rebellion into a second Congress, but the Union did not accept secession and secessionists were not eligible for Congress. Elections held in Missouri and Kentucky seated all members to the House and Senate for the 38th Congress. Elections held among Unionists in Virginia, Tennessee and Louisiana were marred by disruption resulting in turnouts that were so low compared with 1860, that Congress did not reseat the candidates with a majority of the votes cast.^[1]

• In rebellion 1862–64 according to the Emancipation Proclamation were Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (parts), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia (parts). Tennessee was not held to be in rebellion as of the end of 1862.^[2]

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

During this Congress, two seats were added for each of the new states of Nevada and West Virginia, thereby adding four new seats.

House of Representatives

Before this Congress, the 1860 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 241 members. During this Congress, one seat was added for the new state of Nevada, and three seats were reapportioned from Virginia to the new state of West Virginia.

Leadership

Senate

• President: Hannibal Hamlin (R)
• President pro tempore: Solomon Foot (R), until April 13, 1864
  • Daniel Clark (R), elected April 26, 1864

Majority (Republican) leadership

• Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony

House of Representatives

• Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

• Republican Conference Chairman: Justin S. Morrill
• Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means: Thaddeus Stevens (R)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

1. John Conness (R)

3. James A. McDougall (D)

1. James Dixon (R)

3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D), until January 29, 1864

George Read Riddle (D), from February 2, 1864

2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

1. Vacant

3. Vacant

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

2. William A. Richardson (D)

3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)

3. Henry S. Lane (R)

2. James W. Grimes (R)

3. James Harlan (R)

2. Jim Lane (R)

3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

2. Lazarus W. Powell (D)

3. Garrett Davis (U)

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

1. Lot M. Morrill (R)

2. William P. Fessenden (R), until July 1, 1864

Nathan A. Farwell (R), from October 27, 1864

1. Reverdy Johnson (U)

3. Thomas H. Hicks (UU), until February 14, 1865

1. Charles Sumner (R)

2. Henry Wilson (R)

1. Zachariah Chandler (R)

2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

1. Alexander Ramsey (R)

2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

1. John B. Henderson (UU)

3. Robert Wilson (UU), until November 13, 1863

B. Gratz Brown (UU), from November 13, 1863

1. William M. Stewart (R), from February 1, 1865 (newly admitted state)

3. James W. Nye (R), from February 1, 1865 (newly admitted state)

2. John P. Hale (R)

3. Daniel Clark (R)

1. William Wright (D)

2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)

3. Ira Harris (R)

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

1. Benjamin Wade (R)

3. John Sherman (R)

2. Benjamin F. Harding (D)

3. James W. Nesmith (D)

1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)

3. Edgar Cowan (R)

1. William Sprague IV (R)

2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

2. Vacant

3. Vacant

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

1. Vacant

2. Vacant

1. Solomon Foot (R)

3. Jacob Collamer (R)

1. Lemuel J. Bowden (U), died January 2, 1864, vacant thereafter

2. John S. Carlile (U)

1. Peter G. Van Winkle (UU), from August 4, 1863 (newly admitted state)

2. Waitman T. Willey (UU), from August 4, 1863 (newly admitted state)

1. James R. Doolittle (R)

3. Timothy O. Howe (R)

House of Representatives

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.

. Cornelius Cole (R)

. William Higby (R)

. Thomas B. Shannon (R)

. Henry C. Deming (R)

. James E. English (D)

. Augustus Brandegee (R)

. John H. Hubbard (R)

. William Temple (D), until May 28, 1863

Nathaniel B. Smithers (UU), from December 7, 1863

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Isaac N. Arnold (R)

. John F. Farnsworth (R)

. Elihu B. Washburne (R)

. Charles M. Harris (D)

. Owen Lovejoy (R), until March 25, 1864

Ebon C. Ingersoll (R), from May 20, 1864

. Jesse O. Norton (R)

. John R. Eden (D)

. John T. Stuart (D)

. Lewis W. Ross (D)

. Anthony L. Knapp (D)

. James C. Robinson (D)

. William R. Morrison (D)

. William J. Allen (D)

. James C. Allen (D)

. John Law (D)

. James A. Cravens (D)

. Henry W. Harrington (D)

. William S. Holman (D)

. George W. Julian (R)

. Ebenezer Dumont (R)

. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)

. Godlove S. Orth (R)

. Schuyler Colfax (R)

. Joseph K. Edgerton (D)

. James F. McDowell (D)

. James F. Wilson (R)

. Hiram Price (R)

. William B. Allison (R)

. Josiah B. Grinnell (R)

. John A. Kasson (R)

. Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

. A. Carter Wilder (R)

. Lucien Anderson (UU)

. George H. Yeaman (U)

. Henry Grider (U)

. Aaron Harding (U)

. Robert Mallory (U)

. Green C. Smith (UU)

. Brutus J. Clay (U)

. William H. Randall (UU)

. William H. Wadsworth (U)

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Lorenzo D.M. Sweat (D)

. Sidney Perham (R)

. James G. Blaine (R)

. John H. Rice (R)

. Frederick A. Pike (R)

. John A. J. Creswell (UU)

. Edwin H. Webster (UU)

. Henry Winter Davis (UU)

. Francis Thomas (UU)

. Benjamin G. Harris (D)

. Thomas D. Eliot (R)

. Oakes Ames (R)

. Alexander H. Rice (R)

. Samuel Hooper (R)

. John B. Alley (R)

. Daniel W. Gooch (R)

. George S. Boutwell (R)

. John D. Baldwin (R)

. William B. Washburn (R)

. Henry L. Dawes (R)

. Fernando C. Beaman (R)

. Charles Upson (R)

. John W. Longyear (R)

. Francis W. Kellogg (R)

. Augustus C. Baldwin (D)

. John F. Driggs (R)

. William Windom (R)

. Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Francis P. Blair Jr. (R), until June 10, 1864

Samuel Knox (UU), from June 10, 1864

. Henry T. Blow (UU)

. John W. Noell (UU), until March 14, 1863

John G. Scott (D), from December 7, 1863

. Sempronius H. Boyd (UU)

. Joseph W. McClurg (UU)

. Austin A. King (U)

. Benjamin F. Loan (UU)

. William A. Hall (U)

. James S. Rollins (U)

. Henry G. Worthington (R), from October 31, 1864 (newly admitted state)

. Daniel Marcy (D)

. Edward H. Rollins (R)

. James W. Patterson (R)

. John F. Starr (R)

. George Middleton (D)

. William G. Steele (D)

. Andrew J. Rogers (D)

. Nehemiah Perry (D)

. Henry G. Stebbins (D), until October 24, 1864

Dwight Townsend (D), from December 5, 1864

. Martin Kalbfleisch (D)

. Moses F. Odell (D)

. Benjamin Wood (D)

. Fernando Wood (D)

. Elijah Ward (D)

. John W. Chanler (D)

. James Brooks (D)

. Anson Herrick (D)

. William Radford (D)

. Charles H. Winfield (D)

. Homer A. Nelson (D)

. John B. Steele (D)

. Erastus Corning (D), until October 5, 1863

John V. L. Pruyn (D), from December 7, 1863

. John Augustus Griswold (D)

. Orlando Kellogg (R)

. Calvin T. Hulburd (R)

. James M. Marvin (R)

. Samuel F. Miller (R)

. Ambrose W. Clark (R)

. Francis Kernan (D)

. DeWitt C. Littlejohn (R)

. Thomas T. Davis (R)

. Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)

. Daniel Morris (R)

. Giles W. Hotchkiss (R)

. Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (R)

. Freeman Clarke (R)

. Augustus Frank (R)

. John Ganson (D)

. Reuben E. Fenton (R), until December 20, 1864

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. George H. Pendleton (D)

. Alexander Long (D)

. Robert C. Schenck (R)

. John F. McKinney (D)

. Francis C. Le Blond (D)

. Chilton A. White (D)

. Samuel S. Cox (D)

. William Johnston (D)

. Warren P. Noble (D)

. James M. Ashley (R)

. Wells A. Hutchins (D)

. William E. Finck (D)

. John O'Neill (D)

. George Bliss (D)

. James R. Morris (D)

. Joseph W. White (D)

. Ephraim R. Eckley (R)

. Rufus P. Spalding (R)

. James A. Garfield (R)

. John R. McBride (R)

. Samuel J. Randall (D)

. Charles O'Neill (R)

. Leonard Myers (R)

. William D. Kelley (R)

. M. Russell Thayer (R)

. John D. Stiles (D)

. John M. Broomall (R)

. Sydenham E. Ancona (D)

. Thaddeus Stevens (R)

. Myer Strouse (D)

. Philip Johnson (D)

. Charles Denison (D)

. Henry W. Tracy (IR)

. William H. Miller (D)

. Joseph Bailey (D)

. Alexander H. Coffroth (D)

. Archibald McAllister (D)

. James T. Hale (IR)

. Glenni W. Scofield (R)

. Amos Myers (R)

. John L. Dawson (D)

. James K. Moorhead (R)

. Thomas Williams (R)

. Jesse Lazear (D)

. Thomas A. Jenckes (R)

. Nathan F. Dixon Jr. (R)

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)

. Justin S. Morrill (R)

. Portus Baxter (R)

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant

. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863

. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863

. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863

. Jacob B. Blair (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)

. William G. Brown Sr. (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)

. Kellian Whaley (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)

. James S. Brown (D)

. Ithamar C. Sloan (R)

. Amasa Cobb (R)

. Charles A. Eldredge (D)

. Ezra Wheeler (D)

. Walter D. McIndoe (R)

Non-voting members

. Charles D. Poston (R), from December 5, 1864

. Hiram P. Bennet (R)

. William Jayne (R), until June 17, 1864

John B. S. Todd (D), from June 17, 1864

. William H. Wallace (R), from February 1, 1864

. Samuel McLean (D), from January 6, 1865

. Samuel G. Daily (R)

. Gordon N. Mott (R), until October 31, 1864

. Francisco Perea (R)

. John F. Kinney (D)

. George E. Cole (D)

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

• Replacements: 2
  • Democratic: no net change
  • Republican: no net change
  • Unionist: no net change
  • Unconditional Union: no net change
• Deaths: 1
• Resignations: 2
• Interim appointments: 1
• Seats of newly admitted states: 4
• Total seats with changes: 4

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate.

|-| West Virginia (1)| New seat| West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863.
Its first Senators were elected August 4, 1863.| nowrap | Peter G. Van Winkle (UU)| August 4, 1863

|-| West Virginia (2)| New seat| West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863.
Its first Senators were elected August 4, 1863.| nowrap | Waitman T. Willey (UU)| August 4, 1863

|-| Missouri (3)| nowrap | Robert Wilson (UU)| Successor elected for Sen. Waldo P. Johnson November 13, 1863.| nowrap | B. Gratz Brown (UU)| November 13, 1863

|-| Virginia (1)| nowrap | Lemuel J. Bowden (U)| Died January 2, 1864.| Vacant| Not filled this Congress

|-| Delaware (1)| nowrap | James A. Bayard Jr. (D)| Resigned January 29, 1864, for unknown reasons.
Successor elected January 29, 1864.| nowrap | George R. Riddle (D)| February 2, 1864

|-| Maine (2)| nowrap | William P. Fessenden (R)| Resigned July 1, 1864, to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor appointed October 27, 1864, to finish the term.| nowrap | Nathan A. Farwell (R)| October 27, 1864

|-| Nevada (1)| New seat| Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864.
Its first Senators were elected February 1, 1865.| nowrap | William M. Stewart (R)| February 1, 1865

|-| Nevada (3)| New seat| Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864.
Its first Senators were elected February 1, 1865.| nowrap | James W. Nye (R)| February 1, 1865

|-| Maryland (3)| nowrap | Thomas H. Hicks (UU)| Died February 14, 1865.| Vacant| Not filled this Congress.

|}

House of Representatives

• Replacements: 6
  • Democratic: no net change
  • Republican: no net change
  • Unionist: no net change
  • Unconditional Union: no net change
• Deaths: 3
• Resignations: 3
• Contested election: 1
• Seats of newly admitted seats: 4
• Total seats with changes: 7

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives.

|-| | Vacant| Territory organized in previous congress.
Seat remained vacant until December 5, 1864.| nowrap | Charles D. Poston (R)| December 5, 1864

|-| | nowrap | John W. Noell (UU)| Died March 14, 1863.| nowrap | John G. Scott (D)| December 7, 1863

|-| | nowrap | William Temple (D)| Died May 28, 1863.| nowrap | Nathaniel B. Smithers (UU)| December 7, 1863

|-| | nowrap | Erastus Corning (D)| Resigned October 5, 1863.| nowrap | John V. L. Pruyn (D)| December 7, 1863

|-| | New state| West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863.
Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.| nowrap | Jacob B. Blair (UU)| December 7, 1863

|-| | New state| West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863.
Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.| nowrap | William G. Brown Sr. (UU)| December 7, 1863

|-| | New state| West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863.
Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.| nowrap | Kellian Whaley (UU)| December 7, 1863

|-| | New territory| Territory organized February 1, 1864.| nowrap | William H. Wallace (R)| February 1, 1864

|-| | nowrap | Owen Lovejoy (R)| Died March 25, 1864.| nowrap | Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)| May 20, 1864

|-| | New territory| Territory organized May 26, 1864.
Seat remained vacant until January 6, 1865.| nowrap | Samuel McLean (D)| January 6, 1865

|-| | nowrap | Francis P. Blair Jr. (R)| Lost contested election June 10, 1864| nowrap | Samuel Knox (UU)| June 10, 1864

|-| | nowrap | William Jayne| Lost contested election June 17, 1864| nowrap | John B. S. Todd (D)| June 17, 1864

|-| | nowrap | Henry G. Stebbins (D)| Resigned October 24, 1864.| nowrap | Dwight Townsend (D)| December 5, 1864

|-| | nowrap | Gordon N. Mott (R)| Nevada achieved statehood October 31, 1864| colspan=2 | District eliminated

|-| | New state| Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864.| nowrap | Henry G. Worthington (R)| October 31, 1864

|-| | nowrap | Reuben Fenton (R)| Resigned December 20, 1864, after being elected Governor of New York.| Vacant| Not filled this Congress

|}

Committees

Senate

• Agriculture (John Sherman, Chair)
• Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (James Dixon, Chair)
• Claims (Daniel Clark, Chair)
• Commerce (Zachariah Chandler, Chair)
• Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
• District of Columbia (James W. Grimes, Chair)
• Engrossed Bills (Henry S. Lane, Chair)
• Finance (William P. Fessenden, Chair)
• Foreign Relations (Charles Sumner, Chair)
• Indian Affairs (James Rood Doolittle, Chair)
• Judiciary (Lyman Trumbull, Chair)
• Manufactures (Zachariah Chandler, Chair)
• Military Affairs (Henry Wilson, Chair)
• Naval Affairs (John P. Hale, Chair)
• Naval Supplies (Select)
• Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
• Overland Mail Service (Select)
• Pacific Railroad (Select) (Jacob M. Howard, Chair)
• Patents and the Patent Office (Edgar Cowan, Chair)
• Pensions (La Fayette S. Foster, Chair)
• Post Office and Post Roads (Jacob Collamer, Chair)
• Private Land Claims (Ira Harris, Chair)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (Solomon Foot, Chair)
• Public Lands (James Harlan, Chair)
• Retrenchment (N/A, Chair)
• Revolutionary Claims (Morton S. Wilkinson, Chair)
• Slavery and the Treatment of Freedmen (Select)
• Tariff Regulation (Select)
• Territories (Benjamin F. Wade, Chair)
• Whole

House of Representatives

• Accounts (Edward H. Rollins, Chair)
• Agriculture (Brutus J. Clay, Chair)
• Banking and Currency (N/A, Chair)
• Bankrupt Law (Select)
• Claims (James T. Hale, Chair)
• Commerce (Elihu B. Washburne, Chair)
• District of Columbia (Owen Lovejoy, Chair)
• Elections (Henry L. Dawes, Chair)
• Expenditures in the Interior Department (Thomas B. Shannon, Chair)
• Expenditures in the Navy Department (Portus Baxter, Chair)
• Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Theodore M. Pomeroy, Chair)
• Expenditures in the State Department (Frederick A. Pike, Chair)
• Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Amos Myers, Chair)
• Expenditures in the War Department (Henry C. Deming, Chair)
• Expenditures on Public Buildings (John W. Longyear, Chair)
• Foreign Affairs (Henry Winter Davis, Chair)
• Indian Affairs (William Windom, Chair)
• Invalid Pensions (Kellian V. Whaley, Chair)
• Judiciary (James F. Wilson, Chair)
• Manufactures (James K. Moorhead, Chair)
• Mileage (James C. Robinson, Chair)
• Military Affairs (Robert C. Schenck, Chair)
• Militia (Robert B. Van Valkenburgh, Chair)
• Naval Affairs (Alexander H. Rice, Chair)
• Patents (Thomas A. Jenckes, Chair)
• Post Office and Post Roads (John B. Alley, Chair)
• Private Land Claims (M. Russell Thayer, Chair)
• Public Buildings and Grounds (John H. Rice, Chair)
• Public Expenditures (Calvin T. Hulburd, Chair)
• Public Lands (George W. Julian, Chair)
• Revisal and Unfinished Business (Sempronius H. Boyd, Chair)
• Revolutionary Claims (Hiram Price, Chair)
• Revolutionary Pensions (Dewitt C. Littlejohn, Chair)
• Roads and Canals (Isaac N. Arnold, Chair)
• Rules (Select)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Territories (James M. Ashley, Chair)
• Ways and Means (Thaddeus Stevens, Chair)
• Whole

Joint appointments

• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Conduct of the War
• Enrolled Bills (Sen. Timothy Howe, Chair)
• The Library (Sen. Jacob Collamer, Chair)
• Printing (Sen. Henry B. Anthony, Chair)
• Senate Chamber and the Hall of the House of the Representatives

Caucuses

• Democratic (House)
• Democratic (Senate)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

• Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter
• Librarian of Congress: John Gould Stephenson, until 1864
  • Ainsworth Rand Spofford, from 1864

Senate

• Chaplain: Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), until May 11, 1864
  • Thomas Bowman (Methodist), elected May 11, 1864
• Secretary: John W. Forney
• Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown

House of Representatives

• Chaplain: William H. Channing (Unitarian)
• Clerk: Emerson Etheridge, until December 7, 1863
  • Edward McPherson, from December 7, 1863
• Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow
• Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
  • William D. Todd
• Postmaster: William S. King
• Reading Clerks:
• Sergeant at Arms: Edward Ball, until December 7, 1863
  • Nehemiah G. Ordway, from December 7, 1863

See also

• 1862 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
  • 1862–63 United States Senate elections
  • 1862–63 United States House of Representatives elections
• 1864 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • 1864 United States presidential election
  • 1864–65 United States Senate elections
  • 1864–65 United States House of Representatives elections

References

• Book: Martis, Kenneth C.. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. 1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York.
• Book: Martis, Kenneth C.. The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. 1982. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York.

External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789–1875
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: House History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
• Book: Congressional Directory for the 38th Congress, 1st Session .
• Book: Congressional Directory for the 38th Congress, 2nd Session . 17 April 2021 .

Notes and References

1. Martis, Kenneth C., "Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress: 1789–1989, 1989 p. 116.
2. Emancipation Proclamation text found at Emancipation Proclamation, "Featured Texts" online at the National Archives and Records Administration. Viewed April 14, 2014.