The are a group of Japanese poets of the Asuka, Nara, and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. The oldest surviving collection of the 36 poets' works is Nishi Honganji Sanju-rokunin Kashu ("Nishi Honganji 36 poets collection") of 1113. Similar groups of Japanese poets include the Kamakura period, composed by court ladies exclusively, and the, or Thirty-Six Heian-era Immortals of Poetry, selected by (1107–1165). This list superseded an older group called the Six Immortals of Poetry.
Sets of portraits (essentially imaginary) of the group were popular in Japanese painting and later woodblock prints, and often hung in temples.
, composed in the Kamakura period, refers to thirty-six female immortals of poetry:[1]
There are at least two groups of Japanese poets called :
The term usually refers to the second:[2]