| Conventional Long Name: | Third Republic of Vietnam |
| Native Name: | Vietnamese: Đệ Tam Việt Nam Cộng hòa |
| Symbol Type Article: | Emblem of Vietnam |
| Flag Type Article: | Flag of South Vietnam |
| National Motto: | Vietnamese: Lấy lại đất tổ, không làm khổ dân|nolink=yes "Regain the ancestral lands, end the populace's suffering"[1] |
| National Anthem: | Tiếng gọi công dân ("Call to the citizens") |
| Capital: | Saigon, Vietnam (de jure) Little Saigon, Orange County, California, US (de facto) |
| Demonym: | Vietnamese |
| Leader Title1: | President |
| Leader Name1: | Đào Minh Quân |
| Established Event1: | Formed |
| Established Date1: | 21 October 1990 |
| Established Event2: | Officially founded |
| Established Date2: | 16 February 1991 |
The Third Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Đệ Tam Việt Nam Cộng Hòa, abbreviated DTVNCH), also referred to by its previous name the Provisional National Government of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Chính phủ Quốc gia Việt Nam Lâm thời), is a self-proclaimed government in exile, headquartered in the Little Saigon neighborhood of Orange County, California, with offices in other Little Saigon communities.
The Provisional National Government of Vietnam was formed by former soldiers and refugees from the former South Vietnamese regime on 21 October 1990 and was officially founded on 16 February 1991, led by Prime Minister Đào Minh Quân, who was elected by some of the Vietnamese representatives in the United States. He succeeded Nguyen Tran who was elected as Prime Minister previously. It was ruled by the New Democratic Party of Vietnam.
In November 2018, Prime Minister Đào Minh Quân was reelected as the new President of the newly created Third Republic of Vietnam. The inauguration ceremony was held at the base in Adelanto and at the Hilton Hotel. Participants came from numerous countries, including Australia and Vietnam (see Anti-communism in Vietnam). During the ceremony, the US government's staff gave speeches and expressed hope that the newly elected president would work closely with the US. Also in the same year, the communist Vietnamese government listed this foundation as a terrorist foundation, citing the reason due to the 2018 bombings.
In January 2018, the government in exile was labeled by the Vietnamese Ministry of Public Security as a "terrorist organization", citing the group's alleged responsibility in numerous plans to commit acts of "terrorism, sabotage, and assassination" of government officials.[2] [3] [4]
People affiliated with the organization have been arrested and convicted in Vietnam of conspiracy to overthrow the Communist government and of attempted arson and unsuccessful bombings at a police facility and an airport (presumably Tan Son Nhat Intl.). Several political activists received prison sentences of up to 14 years.[5] [6]