Kyoto University Explained

Kyoto University
Image Upright:.7
Motto:Japanese: 自由の学風
Mottoeng:"Freedom of academic culture"[1]
Faculty:4,062 (teaching staff)[2]
Administrative Staff:3,658 (total staff)
Students:22,426
President:Nagahiro Minato[3]
State:Kyoto
Country:Japan
Undergrad:12,852
Postgrad:9,574
Campus:Urban,
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Colors: Navy blue[4]
Nickname:Kyodai
Free Label:Athletics
Free:48 varsity teams

, or, is a national research university located in Kyoto, Japan. Founded in 1897, it is one of the former Imperial Universities and the second oldest university in Japan.

The University has ten undergraduate faculties, eighteen graduate schools, and thirteen research institutes. The University's educational and research activities are centred in its three main campuses in Kyoto: Yoshida, Uji and Katsura. The Kyoto University Library Network, consisting of more than 40 libraries spread across its campuses,[5] has a collection of more than 7.49 million books,[6] making it the second largest university library in the country.[7] In addition to these campuses, the university owns facilities and lands for educational and research purposes around the country.[8]

As of 2024, Kyoto University counts two Prime Ministers of Japan amongst its alumni. Additionally, three Prime Ministers of Japan attended the Third Higher School, a university preparatory school that merged into KyotoU in 1951. 19 Nobel Prize laureates, two Fields Medalists, one Gauss Prize winner, and five Lasker Award recipients have been affiliated with KyotoU either as alumni or faculty members, giving it the most Nobel laureates of all universities in Asia.

History

Founding

Kyoto University can trace its roots back to the, an institution for Chemistry and Physics founded in Osaka in 1869. Seimi is a Japanese transcription of the Dutch word chemie, meaning chemistry.[9] In 1894, this institution was replaced by the Third Higher School, which was a specialised boys' boarding school. Back then, the country had only one university, Imperial University (today's University of Tokyo), and the call for the nation's second university in the Kansai region was gaining momentum. However, due to financial reasons, the government was reluctant to do so.[10]

The situation changed when the aristocratic politician Saionji Kinmochi, who was from a prominent kuge family in Kyoto, suggested the founding of the nation's second university using war reparations from the First Sino-Japanese War. This plan was edicted accordingly in 1896, and was established on June 18, 1897,[11] as the second university in the country. The University started using Third Higher School's buildings, and the higher school moved to a patch of land across the street, where the southern section of the Yoshida Campus stands today. The Imperial University in Tokyo was renamed Tokyo Imperial University following the founding of its counterpart in Kyoto.

It started teaching with the College of Science and Engineering in the year of its foundation, which was followed by the establishment of the College of Law in 1898. Other faculties and colleges were established during its first decade as a university. The low rates of success of its graduates in the Higher Civil Service Examinations led to the Chief Commercial Law Professor Yoshihito Takane (高根義人) adopting a distinct style of teaching, which he called the 'German way of cherishing the freedom of research, teaching, and learning'. He is said to be the originator of the current motto 'freedom of academic culture (自由の学風, Jiyū no Gakufū)'.[12]

Post-war period

The Allied Occupation Period following Japan's defeat in the Second World War saw a radical reform in the country's educational system, and Kyoto University was not immune from it. Along with other Imperial Universities, Kyoto Imperial University dropped the word 'imperial' from its name and came to be known as in October 1947. In May 1949, as a result of the American-led reform, former Imperial Universities merged with higher schools and became four-year universities as they are today. Kyoto University merged with the Third Higher School, which had been coexisting with the university since its founding as a university-preparatory boys' boarding school. The now-integrated higher school became the within the university in September 1949, and came to be in charge of equipping all first-year undergraduates with general knowledge such as mathematics and foreign languages.[13] [14] The college was replaced by the in 1992.[15]

Kyoto University has been incorporated as a national university corporation along with all the other national universities, gaining a greater independence from the MEXT.

Campuses

Kyoto University is organised across three main campuses: Yoshida, Uji, and Katsura, each playing a distinct role in the university's academic and research activities.

Situated in Sakyo, Kyoto, the Yoshida Campus is the oldest and serves as the university's central hub. This campus is characterised by its mix of architectural styles, from historic brick buildings such as the Clock Tower Centennial Hall to modern research facilities. It encapsulates the university's history and is subdivided into seven areas, including the North Campus and the Yoshida-South Campus, which used to be occupied by the Third Higher School.[16] [17]

The Uji Campus, located in Uji, Kyoto, was formerly occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army. The university acquired it just after its reorganisation into its current form, in 1949. Today, it houses several research institutes and centres focusing on natural sciences and energy. Along with its large laboratories, Uji Campus is recongnised for its greenery and serene environment.

The Katsura Campus, in Nishikyo, Kyoto, is recognised as a 'Techno-science Hill' for its forward-looking approach to research and education in engineering and informatics. Established in October 2003, Katsura aims to pioneer new knowledge domains in the 21st century. This campus is organised into four sections, each dedicated to different facets of technological and scientific exploration.

Organization

Kyoto University is organised into 10 undergraduate faculties and 19 graduate schools. The president of the university is Nagahiro Minato, who assumed the office in October 2020 and expected to serve until September 2026.[18]

As of 1 May 2023, the university's student body consists of 13,038 undergraduates and 9,577 postgraduates. Apart from audit students and research students, there are 2,249 international students.[19]

Faculties

Kyoto University has 10 faculties.

Graduate schools

Kyoto University has 19 graduate schools.[20]

Academic

Professional

Notable research institutes and facilities

International Programmes

Kyoto University offers a range of international programmes aimed at both its students and international students seeking to study there, across undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

Undergraduate Programmes

Kyoto University provides undergraduate degrees available for international students across all 10 faculties, with many general education modules available in English to cater to the needs of international students. Department-specific subjects are delivered primarily in Japanese with the exception of the Undergraduate International Course Program of Civil Engineering, which is a fully English-taught program. [21]

The Kyoto University International Undergraduate Program (Kyoto iUP) is another notable initiative, offering a comprehensive 4.5-year program that consists of a six-month preparatory course (mainly intensive lessons of the Japanese language) followed by a four-year undergraduate degree program. This program is designed for students with no prior Japanese language proficiency and offers various financial support options, including admission/tuition fee waivers and monthly scholarships. Students are expected to acquire sufficient Japanese proficiency to attend specialised lectures within the first two-and-a-half years of the program, then go on to pursue advanced studies in their final two years. The acceptance rate was 5.9% for the 2024 intake. [22] [23]

Graduate Programmes

At the graduate level, Kyoto University has 18 Graduate Schools offering master's, doctoral, and professional degree programmes, all of which are available for international students. International students are well-represented, with over 2,000 international students enrolled. The university facilitates a conducive learning environment with English-taught programmes, Japanese language education, and scholarships tailored to international students' needs.[24]

Academic rankings and reputation

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The W:55
Qs W:50=
Tr N:2
Jpu N:5
We N:10
Nikkeibp K:1
Gbudu N:SA
Line 1:0
Qs A:17
The A:13
Arwu A:2
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Ensmp W:5

Kyoto University maintains a high academic reputation, and is regarded as one of the nation's top two universities, along with the University of Tokyo.

Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked Kyoto University 55th in the world in 2023 (2nd in Japan).[25] QS World University Rankings ranked Kyoto University 46th in the world in 2023 (2nd in Japan).[26] The Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings 2022 ranked Kyoto University 26th in the world (2nd in Japan).[27] The Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked Kyoto University 39th in the world in 2023 (2nd in Japan).[28]

In the Nature index 2023 annual table, Kyoto University was ranked 44th for its output in selected journals in the fields of natural sciences and Health Sciences research, among all leading research institutions in the world (2nd in Japan).[29]

Subject rankings

QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024[30] ! Subject !! Global !! National
data-sort-value="62"  62data-sort-value="2"  2
Linguisticsdata-sort-value="74" data-sort-value="2"
Theology, Divinity and Religious Studiesdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2"
Archaeologydata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2"
Architecture and Built Environmentdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="3"
Art and Designdata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="5–6"
Classics and Ancient Historydata-sort-value="20" data-sort-value="1"
English Language and Literaturedata-sort-value="80" data-sort-value="2"
Historydata-sort-value="24" data-sort-value="2"
Modern Languagesdata-sort-value="24" data-sort-value="2"
Philosophydata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="1–2"
data-sort-value="62"  =62data-sort-value="3"  3
Engineering – Chemicaldata-sort-value="47" data-sort-value="2"
Engineering – Civil and Structuraldata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2–3"
Computer Science and Information Systemsdata-sort-value="116" data-sort-value="3"
Data Science and Artificial Intelligencedata-sort-value="51–70" data-sort-value="1"
Engineering – Electrical and Electronicdata-sort-value="81" data-sort-value="3"
Engineering – Petroleumdata-sort-value="26" data-sort-value="2"
Engineering – Mechanicaldata-sort-value="78" data-sort-value="3"
Engineering – Mineral and Miningdata-sort-value="51–70" data-sort-value="1–2"
data-sort-value="61"  61data-sort-value="2"  2
Agriculture and Forestrydata-sort-value="52" data-sort-value="2"
Anatomy and Physiologydata-sort-value="39" data-sort-value="2"
Biological Sciencesdata-sort-value="50" data-sort-value="2"
Medicinedata-sort-value="65" data-sort-value="2"
Pharmacy and Pharmacologydata-sort-value="76" data-sort-value="2"
Psychologydata-sort-value="101–150" data-sort-value="2"
data-sort-value="31"  31data-sort-value="2"  2
Chemistrydata-sort-value="27" data-sort-value="2"
Earth and Marine Sciencesdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2"
Environmental Sciencesdata-sort-value="78" data-sort-value="2"
Geographydata-sort-value="34" data-sort-value="2"
Geologydata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2"
Geophysicsdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2"
Materials Sciencesdata-sort-value="48" data-sort-value="3"
Mathematicsdata-sort-value="53" data-sort-value="2"
Physics and Astronomydata-sort-value="26" data-sort-value="2"
data-sort-value="79"  =79data-sort-value="2"  2
Accounting and Financedata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="3–6"
Anthropologydata-sort-value="43" data-sort-value="2"
Business and Management Studiesdata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="3–5"
Communication and Media Studiesdata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="2–3"
Development Studiesdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2–3"
Economics and Econometricsdata-sort-value="77" data-sort-value="2"
Education and Trainingdata-sort-value="101–150" data-sort-value="2"
Law and Legal Studiesdata-sort-value="66" data-sort-value="2"
Politicsdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2–3"
Social Policy and Administrationdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2"
Sociologydata-sort-value="53" data-sort-value="2"
Sports–Related Subjectsdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2–4"
Statistics and Operational Researchdata-sort-value="51–100" data-sort-value="2–3"
THE World University Rankings by Subject 2024[31] ! Subject !! Global !! National
Arts & humanitiesdata-sort-value="101–125" data-sort-value="2"
Business & economicsdata-sort-value="78" data-sort-value="2"
Clinical & healthdata-sort-value="48" data-sort-value="2"
Computer sciencedata-sort-value="69" data-sort-value="2"
Educationdata-sort-value="57" data-sort-value="2"
Engineeringdata-sort-value="47" data-sort-value="2"
Life sciencesdata-sort-value="40" data-sort-value="2"
Physical sciencesdata-sort-value="54" data-sort-value="2"
Psychologydata-sort-value="83" data-sort-value="2"
Social sciencesdata-sort-value="75" data-sort-value="2"
ARWU Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2023[32] ! Subject !! Global !! National
Natural Sciences
Mathematicsdata-sort-value="51–75" data-sort-value="1–2"
Physicsdata-sort-value="44" data-sort-value="3"
Chemistrydata-sort-value="51–75" data-sort-value="2"
Earth Sciencesdata-sort-value="101–150" data-sort-value="2–4"
Ecologydata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="1–2"
Oceanographydata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="4"
Atmospheric Sciencedata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="4–6"
Engineering
Mechanical Engineeringdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="5–7"
Electrical & Electronic Engineeringdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="4–8"
Biomedical Engineeringdata-sort-value="101–150" data-sort-value="1–2"
Computer Science & Engineeringdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="5–6"
Civil Engineeringdata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="2–6"
Chemical Engineeringdata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="2–5"
Materials Science & Engineeringdata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="3–5"
Nanoscience & Nanotechnologydata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="2–4"
Energy Science & Engineeringdata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="2–5"
Environmental Science & Engineeringdata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="2–3"
Biotechnologydata-sort-value="201–300" data-sort-value="3–4"
Marine/Ocean Engineeringdata-sort-value="37" data-sort-value="1"
Metallurgical Engineeringdata-sort-value="40" data-sort-value="2"
Life Sciences
Biological Sciencesdata-sort-value="34" data-sort-value="3"
Human Biological Sciencesdata-sort-value="15" data-sort-value="1"
Agricultural Sciencesdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="1"
Medical Sciences
Clinical Medicinedata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="2–3"
Public Healthdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="2–4"
Medical Technologydata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="1–6"
Social Sciences
Economicsdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="2–4"
Statisticsdata-sort-value="151–200" data-sort-value="2"
Educationdata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="1"
Psychologydata-sort-value="301–400" data-sort-value="2"

Popularity and selectivity

Kyoto University is one of the most selective universities in Japan. The selectivity for its undergraduate degrees is usually regarded as among the top two, along with the University of Tokyo.[33] [34] [35]

Athletics

Kyoto University competes in 48 sports. The university is a member of the Kansai Big Six Baseball League.

Controversy

Members of the university's American football team, the Kyoto University Gangsters, were arrested in 2006 for gang rape, which had been recently added to the Penal Code in January 2005 following the Super Free rape controversy. The three students had forced a female university student to drink liquor to the point of unconsciousness, at which point they gang-raped her. They were all convicted.[36] [37] [38]

Notable people

See main article: List of Kyoto University people.

See also: List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Kyoto University.

Of the nineteen Nobel Prize winners who have been affiliated with Kyoto University in some way, eight attended the university as undergraduate students.[39] Fields Medal winners Heisuke Hironaka (1970) and Shigefumi Mori (1990) and one Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize winner Kiyosi Itô are also affiliated with the university.[40]

Two Prime Ministers of Japan, Fumimaro Konoe and Hayato Ikeda, attended Kyoto University:[41] Apart from these two, Osachi Hamaguchi, Kijūrō Shidehara, and Tetsu Katayama attended the Third Higher School before going on to study at UTokyo. The former President of Taiwan, Lee Teng-hui, attended KyotoU when Taiwan was a Japanese colony but transferred to National Taiwan University after Japan lost the Second World War.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Kyoto University Basic Concept for Internationalization . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . en.
  2. Web site: Kyoto University Facts and Figures 2021-2022. 2022-05-07.
  3. Web site: Profile of President Nagahiro Minato . Kyoto University . 12 November 2020.
  4. Book: Kyoto University Visual Identity Guidebook . October 1, 2018 . 8 . 1 .
  5. Web site: Kyoto University Library Network . 2024-02-11 . www.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
  6. Web site: 蔵書数等 . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . ja.
  7. Web site: 図録▽大学図書館蔵書数ランキング . 2024-02-11 . honkawa2.sakura.ne.jp.
  8. Web site: 大学の施設 . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . ja.
  9. Web site: 沿革 . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . ja.
  10. Web site: [大学が成立した背景] 京都大学 白眉センター|白眉プロジェクト ]. 2024-02-11 . www.hakubi.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
  11. Web site: 2004 . Historical Sketch . 2007-07-17 . About Kyoto University . Kyoto University.
  12. Web site: 平成9年度 入学式式辞 歴代総長の式辞で振り返る 京都大学のあゆみ . 2024-02-11 . 京都大学 創立125周年記念事業特設サイト . ja.
  13. Web site: History. Kyoto University. ja. 2019-11-02.
  14. Web site: Third Higher School Kyoto University Fund Funds in Operation. www.en.kikin.kyoto-u.ac.jp. 2019-11-02.
  15. Web site: 2024-02-05 . 沿革 京都大学 大学院人間・環境学研究科 総合人間学部 . 2024-02-11.
  16. Web site: Campuses . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . en.
  17. Web site: Campuses Academics . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto iUP . en.
  18. Web site: Message from the President . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . en.
  19. Web site: 学生数 . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . ja.
  20. Web site: Departments. Kyoto University. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110521135236/http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/faculties_and_graduate. May 21, 2011.
  21. Web site: Undergraduate International Course Program of Civil Engineering . 2024-07-23 . Kyoto University . en.
  22. Web site: Kyoto iUP - Kyoto University International Undergraduate Program . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto iUP . en.
  23. Web site: Undergraduate degree programs . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . en.
  24. Web site: Graduate degree programs . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . en.
  25. Web site: 2023-09-25 . World University Rankings . 2024-02-11 . Times Higher Education (THE) . en.
  26. Web site: QS World University Rankings 2024 . 2024-02-11 . Top Universities . en.
  27. Web site: 2022-10-06 . World Reputation Rankings . 2024-02-11 . Times Higher Education (THE) . en.
  28. Web site: ShanghaiRanking-Univiersities . 2024-02-11 . www.shanghairanking.com.
  29. Web site: 2023 tables: Institutions Annual tables Nature Index . 2024-02-11 . Nature.
  30. Web site: QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024. QS World University Rankings.
  31. Web site: World University Rankings by subject. Times Higher Education World University Rankings.
  32. Web site: ShanghaiRanking's Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2023. Academic Ranking of World Universities.
  33. Book: 文藝春秋 . February 2010 . . 2010 . Japan . 312 . ja.
  34. Web site: 入試難易予想ランキング表 条件検索 . 2024-02-11 . ranksp.keinet.ne.jp.
  35. Web site: 【2024年度入試対応】東進の大学入試偏差値一覧(ランキング) . 2024-02-11 . 【2024年度入試対応】東進の大学入試偏差値一覧(ランキング) . ja.
  36. Web site: Kyoto University trio held in suspected gang rapes. January 27, 2006. Japan Times Online.
  37. Web site: Kyoto U. students admit gang rape. February 7, 2006. Japan Times Online.
  38. News: Four university football players accused of rape in Kyoto The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis . The Asahi Shimbun . en.
  39. Web site: ノーベル賞 . 2024-02-11 . Kyoto University . ja.
  40. Web site: Dr. Kiyoshi Ito receives Gauss Prize. November 18, 2017. Kyoto University. December 1, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042709/http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/profile/honor/awards/gauss.html. dead.
  41. Web site: 2013-03-28 . 総理輩出、東大16人に対し京大は2人 この違いは? . 2024-04-07 . AERA dot. (アエラドット) . ja.