Thestius Explained

In Greek mythology, Thestius (; Ancient Greek: Θέστιος) was a king of Pleuronians in Aetolia.[1] He is not to be confused with Thespius, who was sometimes referred to as "Thestius".[2] The patronymic "Thestias" may refer to one of his daughters, Leda or Althaea,[3] and "Thestiades" to his son Iphiclus.[4]

Family

Thestius was the son either of Ares by Demonice[5] or Pisidice,[6] or of Agenor (son of Pleuron)[7] possibly by Epicasta. He was the brother of Evenus, Pylus and Molus or of Demonice and Porthaon instead. Thestius was the father of Iphiclus[8] by Leucippe[9] or Eurythemis, daughter of Cleoboea, who was the mother of his other children, Althaea,[10] Eurypylus, Evippus, Hypermnestra, Leda and Plexippus.[11] In other sources, the mother of Iphiclus, Althaea and Leda was named either Laophonte, daughter of Pleuron[12] or Deidameia, daughter of Perieres.[13] Other sons of Thestius were Cometes and Prothous, Toxeus,[14] Aphares[15] and Calydon.

Comparative table of Thestius' family
RelationNameSources
AlcmanPherecydesBacchy.Sch. on Apollon.OvidApollod.Plut.Hyg.Pau.
Parent(s)Ares and Demonice✓
Ares and Pisidice✓
Agenor✓
WifeDeidameia✓ or
Laophonte✓✓✓
Eurythemis✓
Leucippe✓[16]
ChildrenIphiclus✓✓✓✓
Aphares✓
Althaea✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓
Leda✓✓✓✓✓
Toxeus✓
Plexippus✓✓
Eurypylus✓
Evippus✓
Hypermnestra✓✓
Calydon✓
Prothous✓
Cometes✓

Mythology

Thestius was allied with Tyndareus and Icarius against Hippocoon.[17] According to Strabo, when Tyndareus and his brother Icarius, after being banished by Hippocoön from their homeland, went to Thestius, the king of the Pleuronii. The king helped the two brothers to acquire possession of much of the country on the far side of the Acheloüs on condition that they should receive a share of it. Tyndareus, however, went back home, having married Leda, the daughter of Thestius, whereas Icarius stayed on, keeping a portion of Acarnania, and by Polycaste, the daughter of Lygaeus, begot both Penelope and her brothers.[18]

In a rare variant of the myth by Plutarch, the river Achelous in Aetolia was formerly called after Thestius. This Thestius who upon some domestic discontent traveled as far as Sicyon, where he had resided for some time, returned to his native home. But finding there his son Calydon and his mother [i.e. Pisidice] both upon the bed together, believing him to be an adulterer, slew his own child by a mistake. But when he beheld the unfortunate and unexpected fact he had committed, he threw himself into the river Axenos, which from thence was afterwards called Thestius.

References

Notes and References

  1. [Aeschylus]
  2. [Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]
  3. Aeschylus, Libation-Bearers 606; Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 49
  4. [Apollonius of Rhodes]
  5. [Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]
  6. [Pseudo-Plutarch]
  7. Pausanias, 3.13.8
  8. Apollodorus, 1.9.16
  9. [Hyginus]
  10. [Antoninus Liberalis]
  11. Apollodorus, 1.7.10
  12. [Alcman]
  13. Scholia on Apollonius Rhodius, 201
  14. Note that we must not confuse Toxeus, the son of Thestius from his nephew who was also called Toxeus, the son of Althaea and Oeneus.
  15. [Bacchylides]
  16. Leda's and Hypermnestra's mother might be Leucippe as well because there was no other woman mentioned as the wife of Thestius other than Leucippe in this text.
  17. Apollodorus, 3.10.5
  18. [Strabo]

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