| Honorific-Prefix: | His Excellency |
| Theo de Meester | |
| Office: | Chairman of the Council of Ministers |
| Term Start: | 17 August 1905 |
| Term End: | 12 February 1908 |
| Predecessor: | Abraham Kuyper |
| Successor: | Theo Heemskerk |
| Office1: | Member of the Council of State |
| Term Start1: | 24 April 1917 |
| Term End1: | 27 December 1919 |
| Vicepresident1: | Wilhelmus Frederik van Leeuwen |
| Office2: | Leader of the Liberal Union in the House of Representatives |
| Term Start2: | 22 September 1913 |
| Term End2: | 30 March 1917 |
| Predecessor2: | Hendrik Goeman Borgesius |
| Successor2: | Eduard Ellis van Raalte |
| Office3: | Member of the House of Representatives for Den Helder |
| Term Start3: | 9 May 1910 |
| Term End3: | 30 March 1917 |
| Predecessor3: | Zadok van den Bergh |
| Successor3: | Pieter Oud |
| Office4: | Minister of Finance |
| Term Start4: | 17 August 1905 |
| Term End4: | 12 February 1908 |
| Primeminister4: | Himself |
| Predecessor4: | Jan Harte van Tecklenburg |
| Successor4: | Maximilien Kolkman |
| Birthname: | Theodoor Herman de Meester |
| Birth Date: | 1851 12, df=y |
| Birth Place: | Harderwijk, Netherlands |
| Death Place: | The Hague, Netherlands |
| Party: | Liberal Union |
| Children: | 2 sons and 1 daughter |
| Alma Mater: | Utrecht University (Bachelor of Laws, Master of Laws) |
| Occupation: | Politician · Civil servant · Economist · Accountant · Nonprofit director · Editor · Author |
Theodoor Herman "Theo" de Meester (16 December 1851 – 27 December 1919) was a Dutch politician of the Liberal Union and economist. He served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 17 August 1905 until 12 February 1908.
De Meester was the son of Gerrit Abraham de Meester (1817–1864), who had been a member of the House of Representatives for the Zwolle constituency from 1862 to 1864. A former administrator in the Dutch East Indies, De Meester's cabinet was inaugurated on 17 August 1905. It consisted of five Liberal, two Free-minded Democratic, and two non-partisan ministers. It had no majority in either of the two Dutch chambers, and earned the nickname "Porcelain Cabinet". His government first resigned in December 1906, when the defence budget for 1907 was rejected by the Senate. That resignation was refused by Queen Wilhelmina, but the government fell in December 1907, when the Dutch parliament disapproved the defence budget for 1908. The government remained as a demissionary government until 12 February 1908.