Thelymitra cyanapicata explained

Thelymitra cyanapicata, commonly called the dark-tipped sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to South Australia. It has a single fleshy, linear, channelled leaf and up to three small blue or pale purplish to maroon flowers with a dark purplish blue top of the anther.

Description

Thelymitra cyanapicata is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single erect, fleshy, channelled, linear leaf NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide with a purplish base. Up to three blue or pale purplish to maroon flowers NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide are arranged on a flowering stem NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 tall. The sepals and petals are NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The column is blue, NaNsigfig=2NaNsigfig=2 long and NaNsigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 wide. The lobe on the top of the anther is dark purplish blue, gently curved and the side lobes have almost spherical tufts of white hairs. Flowering occurs in October and November but the flowers are self-pollinating and open only on hot days.[1] [2]

Taxonomy and naming

Thelymitra cyanapicata was first formally described in 2004 by Jeff Jeanes and the description was published in Muelleria from a specimen collected near Kuitpo.[3] The specific epithet (cyanapicata) is said to be derived from the Latin cyan meaning "blue" and apica meaning "apex", referring to the colour of the anther lobe - a distinctive feature of this species. In classical Latin, Latin: cyaneus means "dark-blue",[4] and is derived from Ancient Greek (κυάνεος). The ancient Greek word (κύανος) can also mean "dark-blue".[5] In classical Latin, apica means "a sheep without wool on the belly", while apex is the same as the English word "apex".

Distribution and habitat

The dark-tipped sun orchid grows in Leptospermum thickets in woodland on the Fleurieu Peninsula.[6]

Conservation

Thelymitra cyanapicata is only known from a single population in an area of about 1sigfig=1NaNsigfig=1 and is classified as "critically endangered" the under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The main threats to the species are forestry practices, grazing by rabbits and hares and by weed invasion.[7]

Notes and References

  1. Book: Jones. David L.. A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. 2006. New Holland. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.. 1877069124. 234.
  2. Jeanes. Jeffrey A.. A revision of the Thelymitra pauciflora R.Br. (Orchidaceae) complex in Australia. Muelleria. 2004. 19. 40–43. 20 May 2018.
  3. Web site: Thelymitra cyanapicata. APNI. 20 May 2018.
  4. Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  5. Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  6. Web site: Approved Conservation Advice for Thelymitra cyanapicata (dark-tipped sun-orchid). Australian Government Department of the Environment. 19 May 2018.
  7. Web site: Threatened species profile - Thelymitra cyanapicata. Government of South Australia Department for Environment and Heritage. 20 May 2018.