Theaflavin-3-gallate explained

Theaflavin-3-gallate is a theaflavin derivative. It can be found in abundance in black tea and is produced during fermentation.^{[1] [2] [3]} It has been studied as a cancer-fighting chemical when combined with cisplatin against ovarian cancer cells.^{[4] [5] [6]} Consuming large amounts of black tea has been reported to reduce the effects of aging in female populations.^{[7] [8]}

See also

• List of phytochemicals in food

Notes and References

1. X. Hu, Z. Ping, M. Gan et al., “Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate represses osteoclastogenesis and prevents wear debris-induced osteolysis via suppression of ERK pathway,” Acta Biomaterialia 48 (2017): 479–488.
2. Shan Z, Nisar M, Li M, Zhang C, Wan C. Theaflavin Chemistry and Its Health Benefits Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2021 Jan;2021. PMCID: PMC8601833.
3. Theaflavins from Black Tea, Especially Theaflavin-3-gallate, Reduce the Incorporation of Cholesterol into Mixed Micelles . Mario A. Vermeer, Theo P. J. Mulder and Henri O. F. Molhuizen . J. Agric. Food Chem. . 2008 . 56 . 24 . 12031–12036 . 10.1021/jf8022035 . 19049290.
4. Shan Z, Nisar M, Li M, Zhang C, Wan C. Theaflavin Chemistry and Its Health Benefits Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2021 Jan;2021. PMCID: PMC8601833.
5. Y. Gao, J. Yin, Y. Tu, and Y. Chen, “Theaflavin-3, 3′-digallate suppresses human ovarian carcinoma OVCAR-3 cells by regulating the checkpoint kinase 2 and p27 kip1 pathways,” Molecules 24 (4): 673, 2019
6. H. Pan, E. Kim, G. Rankin, Y. Rojanasakul, Y. Tu, and Y. Chen, “Theaflavin-3, 3′-Digallate enhances the inhibitory effect of cisplatin by regulating the copper transporter 1 and glutathione in human ovarian cancer cells,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19 (1): 117, 2018.
7. Shan Z, Nisar M, Li M, Zhang C, Wan C., "Theaflavin Chemistry and Its Health Benefits", Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 Jan; 2021. PMCID: PMC8601833.
8. Y. Oka, S. Iwai, H. Amano et al., “Tea polyphenols inhibit rat osteoclast formation and differentiation,” Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 118 (1): 55–64, 2012.