Water Lilies (Monet series) explained

Water Lilies (French: Nymphéas in French pronounced as /nɛ̃.fe.a/) is a series of approximately 250 oil paintings by French Impressionist Claude Monet (1840–1926). The paintings depict his flower garden at his home in Giverny, and were the main focus of his artistic production during the last thirty years of his life. Many of the works were painted while Monet suffered from cataracts.[1] [2]

Background

Monet's long-standing preference for producing and exhibiting a series of paintings related by subject and perspective began in 1889, with at least ten paintings done at the Valley of the Creuse, which were shown at the Galerie Georges Petit.[3] Among his other famous series are his Haystacks.

During the 1920s, the state of France built a pair of oval rooms at the Musée de l'Orangerie as a permanent home for eight water lily murals by Monet. The exhibit opened to the public on 16 May 1927, a few months after Monet's death. Sixty water lily paintings from around the globe were assembled for a special exhibition at the Musée de l'Orangerie in 1999.[4]

The paintings are on prominent display at museums all over the world, including the Musée Marmottan Monet,[5] the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, the Tate, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Modern Art in New York,[6] the Art Institute of Chicago,[7] the Saint Louis Art Museum,[8] the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art in Kansas City, Missouri,[9] the Carnegie Museum of Art, Princeton University Art Museum, the National Museum of Wales, the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nantes, The Toledo Museum of Art,[10] the Cleveland Museum of Art,[11] the Portland Art Museum, and the Legion of Honor.[12] In 2020, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston celebrated its 150th anniversary with some of Monet's Water Lilies paintings.[13]

The paintings at auction

On 19 June 2007, one of Monet's Water Lily paintings sold for £18.5 million at a Sotheby's auction in London.[14] On 24 June 2008 another of his Water Lily paintings, French: [[Le Bassin Aux Nymphéas]], sold for almost £41 million at Christie's in London, almost double the estimate of £18 to £24 million.[15]

In May 2010, it was announced that the 1906 Nymphéas work would be auctioned in London in June 2010. The painting had an estimated sale price of between £30 and £40 million.[16] Giovanna Bertazzoni, Christie's auction house director and head of impressionist and modern art, said, "Claude Monet's water-lily paintings are amongst the most recognised and celebrated works of the 20th Century and were hugely influential to many of the following generations of artists." The sale took place on 23 June 2010 at the auction house and the painting attracted bids of up to £29 million, but it ultimately failed to sell.[17]

On 6 May 2014, one of the Water Lilies, French: Le Bassin aux Nymphéas, was auctioned at Christie's, New York City for $27 million.[16][18]

In June 2014, one of the Water Lilies, Nymphéas, sold for US$54 million at a Sotheby's auction in London.[19] This piece was auctioned to an anonymous buyer, but the piece went on to be part of the exhibition "Painting the Modern Garden: From Monet to Matisse" at the Cleveland Museum of Art and the Royal Academy of Arts, London, starting in 2015. The co-chairman of Sotheby's modern and impressionist art department, Helena Newman, claims that the result is at the top of the original estimated selling price. This price was between 34 and 51 million USD.

While many of Monet's masterpieces have sold, there are still an estimated 250 oil paintings from this series.[20] The collection is widely popular, with many of these pieces residing in exhibits. The paintings have been catalogued by Daniel Wildenstein in his Monet: Catalogue Raisonné.

List of Water Lily paintings

Image Title width=75pxDate !MuseumSize (cm)Catalog No
Water Lilies1897–1898Los Angeles County Museum of Art65 x 100W.1501
Water Lilies1897–1898Private collection73 x 100W.1502
Water Lilies1897–1898Private collection100 x 100W.1503
Water Lilies – Evening Effect1897–1898Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris73 x 100W.1504
Water Lilies1897–1898Private collection75 x 100W.1505
Water-Lilies1897–1899Kagoshima City Museum of Art89 x 130W.1506
Water Lilies1897–1899Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome81 x 100W.1507
Water-Lilies1897–1899Private collection130 x 152W.1508
Water Lilies and Japanese Bridge1899Princeton University Art Museum90 x 90W.1509
The Water Lily Pond1899Private collection93 x 90W.1510
The Water Lily Pond1899Pola Museum of Art, Kanagawa89 x 92W.1511
Japanese Bridge and Water Lily Pond1899Philadelphia Museum of Art89 x 93W.1512
White Water Lilies1895Pushkin Museum (Moscow)89 x 92W.1513
The Water-Lily Pond1899Private collection89 x 92W.1514
The Lily Pond, Green Harmony1898Musée d'Orsay, Paris89 x 93W.1515
The Lily Pond1899National Gallery, London88 x 92W.1516
Japanese Footbridge1899National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.81 x 100W.1517
Bridge over the Lily Pond1899Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York93 x 74W.1518
Water-Lily Pond1899UnknownKnown from a photograph of the studioW.1519
Bridge over the Water-Lilies1899MM Khalil Museum, Cairo116 x 89W.1520
Water Lily Pond1900Art Institute of Chicago89 × 100W.1628
Water-Lily Pond, Symphony in Rose1900Musée d'Orsay, Paris90 x 100W.1629
The Water-Lily Pond1900Museum of Fine Arts, Boston90 x 92W.1630
The Japanese Bridge or The Lily Pond1900Private collection89 x 92W.1631
Water-Lily Pond: Water Irises1900Private collection89 x 100W.1632
Water-lily Pond and Path by the Water1900Private collection89 x 100W.1633
Water-Lilies, Clouds1903Private collection73 x 100W.1656
Water-Lilies1903Dayton Art Institute81 x 100W.1657
Water-Lilies1903Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo81 x 100W.1658
Water-Lily Pond1903Known only from photographsW.1659
Water-Lilies1903Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris73 x 92W.1660
Water-Lilies1903Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris89 x 100W.1661
Water-Lilies1904Private collection81 x 100W.1662
Water-Lily Pond1904Known only from photographW.1663
Lily Pond1904Museum of modern art André Malraux - MuMa, Le Havre90 x 96W.1664
Water-Lilies1904Private collection90 x 92W.1665
Lily Pond1904Denver Art Museum88 x 91W.1666
Water-Lilies1904Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen90 x 92W.1667
The Bridge over the Water-Lily Pond1905Private collection90 x 100W.1668
Lily Pond, the Bridge1905Private collection95 x 100W.1669
The Water-Lily Pond and Bridge1905Private collection86 X 100W.1670
Water-Lilies1905Museum of Fine Arts, Boston89 x 100W.1671
Water-Lilies1905Private collection89 x 99W.1672
Water-Lilies1905Private collection90 X 100W.1673
Water-Lilies1905Private collection90 x 100W.1674
Water-Lilies1905Private collection89 x 92W.1675
Water-Lilies1905Private collection89 x 100W.1676
Water-Lilies1905UnknownKnown only from a photographW.1677
Water-Lilies1905Private collection73 x 105W.1678
Water-Lilies1905Private collection81 x 100.5W.1679
Water-Lilies1905National Museums & Galleries of Wales, Cardiff82 x 101W.1680
Water-Lilies1905Private collection73 x 105W.1681
Water-Lilies1906–07Private collection73 x 100W.1682
Water Lilies1906Art Institute of Chicago89.9 × 94.1W.1683
Water-Lilies1906–07Private collection90 x 100W.1684
Water-Lilies1906–07Private collection81 x 92W.1685
Water-Lilies1906–07Private collection90 x 93W.1686
Water-Lilies1906–07Private collection91 x 100W.1687
Water-Lilies1906–07National Museums & Galleries of Wales, Cardiff81 x 92W.1688
Water-Lilies1906–07Ohara Museum of Art, Kurashiki73 x 92W.1689
Water-Lilies1908Kunstmuseum, Saint Gallen90 x 93W.1690
Water-Lilies1907Museum of Art, Yamagata81 x 92W.1691
Water-Lilies1907Private collection89 x 130W.1694
Water-Lilies1907Musée M Khalil, Cairo81 x 100W.1695
Water-Lilies1907Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford81 x 92W.1696
Water-Lilies1907Museum of Fine Arts, Boston90 x 93W.1697
Water-Lilies1907Private collection93 x 89W.1698
Water-Lilies1907Pola Museum of Art, Kanagawa93 x 99W.1699
Water-Lilies1907Private collection100 x 90W.1700
Water-Lilies1907Musée d'art moderne (Saint-Étienne)Diam. 81W.1701
Water-Lilies1907Musée d'art moderne (Saint-Étienne)Diam. 81W.1702
Water-Lilies1907Museum of Fine Arts, Houston91 x 81W.1703
Water-Lilies1907Private collection92 x 73W.1704
Water-Lilies1907Private collection92 x 73W.1705
Water-Lilies1907Kawamura Memorial DIC Museum of Art, Sakura92 x 73W.1706
Water-Lilies1907Private collection100 x 82W.1707
Water-Lilies1907Private collection[21] 100 x 73W.1708
Water-Lilies1907Private collection106 x 73W.1709
Water-Lilies1907Israel Museum, Jerusalem107 x 73W.1710
Water-Lilies1907Private collection93 x 82W.1711
Water-Lilies1907Private collection92 x 73W.1712
Water-Lilies1907Kuboso Memorial Museum of Art, Osaka82 x 89W.1713
Water-Lilies1907Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris100 x 73W.1714
Water-Lilies1907Bridgestone Museum of Art, Tokyo100 x 73W.1715
Water-Lilies1907Gothenburg Museum of Art105 x 73W.1716
Water-Lilies1907Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris105 x 73W.1717
Water-Lilies, Reflections on the Water1907Musée A André, Bagnols-sur-Cèze73 x 92W.1718
Water-Lilies, Setting Sun1907National Gallery, London73 x 93W.1719
Water-Lily Pond,Sketch1907Private collection73 x 107W.1720
Water-Lilies1907Private collection90 x 92W.1721
Water-Lilies1907Private collection100 x 100W.1722
Water-Lilies1907Private Collection100 x 100W.1723
Water Lilies1908Museum of VernonDiam. 81W.1724
Water-Lilies1908Private collection92 x 81W.1725
Water-Lilies1908Private collection100 x 81W.1726
Water-Lilies1908Private collection92 x 89W.1727
Water-Lilies1908Private collection92 x 89W.1728
Water-Lilies1908Dallas Museum of ArtDiam. 80W.1729
Water-Lilies1908Private collection100 x 81W.1730
Water-Lilies1908Tokyo Fuji Art Museum100 x 90W.1731
Water-Lilies1908National Museum of Wales, Cardiff100 x 81W.1732
Water-Lilies1908Worcester Art Museum73 x 93W.1733
Water-Lilies1908Private collection86 x 90W.1734
Water-Lilies1908Private collection100 x 81W.1735
The Water-Lily Pond, Rose Arches1914–1917Private collection73 x 100W.1781
Water-Lilies with Reflections of Green Grasses1914–1917Private collection130 x 200W.1782
Water-Lilies1914–1917Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris130 x 200W.1783
Water-Lilies1914–1917Private collection130 x 200W.1784
Water-Lilies1914–1917Private collection150 x 200W.1785
Water-Lilies1914–1917Private collection130 x 150W.1786
Water-Lilies1914–1917Private collection135 x 145W.1787
Water-Lilies1914–1917Fine Arts Museum, San Francisco180 x 146W.1788
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection175 x 135W.1789
Nymphéas en fleur1914–1917Private collection160 x 180W.1790
Water Lilies1914–1917Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris150 x 200W.1791
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection150 x 200W. 1792
Water Lilies1914–1917Asahi beer Oyamazaki Villa Museum of Art, Kyoto152 x 200W.1793
Water Lilies1914–1917Museum of Modern Art, Gunma130 x 90W.1794
Water Lilies1915Portland Art Museum, Oregon160 x 180W.1795
Water-Lilies1915Neue Pinakothek, Munich151 x 200W.1796
Water Lilies1914–1917Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris130 x 153W.1797
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection132 x 84W.1798
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection170 x 122W.1799
Water Lilies1916National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo200 x 200W.1800
White and Yellow Water Lilies1914–1917Kunstverein, Winterthur200 x 200W.1801
Water Lilies1914–1917Asahi beer Oyamazaki Villa Museum of Art, Kyoto200 x 200W.1802
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection200 x 200W.1803
Water Lilies1914–1917Toledo Museum of Art200 x 215W.1804
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection160 x 180W.1805
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection150 x 165W.1806
Water Lilies1914–1917National Gallery of Australia, Canberra180 x 200W.1807
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection180 x 200W.1808
Water Lilies1914–1917Private collection135 x 145W.1809
Water Lilies1914–1919Private collection120 x 200W.1810
Water Lilies1914–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris200 x 200W.1811
Water Lilies1914–1917Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima135 x 145W.1812
Water Lilies1914–1917Museum of Modern Art, New York180 x 200W.1813
(lost in fire)
Water Lilies1914–1917Beyeler Foundation, Basel150 x 200W.1814
Water Lilies1914–1917Wallraf-Richartz Museum, Cologne180 x 200W.1815
Water Lilies1914–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris180 x 200W.1816
Water-Lilies, Cluster of Grass1914–1917Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima200 x 213W.1817
Water-Lilies1916–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris150 x 197W.1852
Blue Water-Lilies1916–1919Musée d'Orsay, Paris200 x 200W.1853
Water-Lilies1916–1919Beyeler Foundation, Basel200 x 180W.1854
Water-Lilies, Reflection of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris130 x 88W.1855
Water-Lilies1916–1919Private collection130 x 200W.1856
Water-Lilies, Reflection of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima100 x 200W.1857
Water-Lilies, Reflections of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York130 x 200W.1858
Water-Lilies, Reflection of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris200 x 200W.1859
Water-Lilies, Reflection of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York130 x 200W.1860
Water-Lilies, Reflection of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Municipal Museum of Art, Kitakyushu130 x 197W.1861
Water-Lilies, Reflection of a Weeping Willow1916–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris200 x 200W.1862
Water-Lilies1916–1919McNay Art Museum, San Antonio130 x 200W.1863
Water-Lilies1916–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris130 x 152W.1864
Water-Lilies1916–1919Private collection89 x 130W. 1865
Vue du bassin aux nymphéas avec saule1916–1919Private Collection140 x 150W.1866
Jardin d'eau à Giverny1920Museum of Grenoble117 x 83W.1878
The Water-Lily Pond1918–1919Musée d'Art et d'Histoire, Geneva120 x 89W.1879
The Water-Lily Pond1918–1919Private collection130 x 88W.1880
The Water-Lily Pond1918-1919Private collection129 x 89W.1881
The Water-Lily Pond1918–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris73 x 105W.1882
The Water-Lily Pond1918–1919Museum Folkwang, Essen130 x 200W.1883
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919MOA Museum of Art, Atami130 x 200W.1884
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Private collection130 x 200W.1885
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Musée d'Arts de Nantes100 x 200W.1886
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Private collection100 x 200W.1887
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris130 x 120W.1888/1
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Current whereabouts unknown130 x 80W.1888/2
Water Lily Pond1917–1926Art Institute of Chicago130.2 × 201.9W.1889
The Water Lily Pond1917–1919Private collection100 x 200W.1890
The Water-Lily Pond (left panel)1917–1919Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York101 x 200W.1891
The Water-Lily Pond (right panel)1917–1919Private collection100 x 200W.1892
The Water Lily Pond
(half of original)
1917–1919Private collection100 x 92W.1893-1
The Water Lily Pond
(half of original)
1917–1919Private Collection101 x 104W.1893-2
Water Lilies1917–1919Private collection100 x 200W.1894
Water Lilies1917–1919Honolulu Museum of Art100 x 200W.1895
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima100 x 200W.1896
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Private collection100 x 200W.1897
Water-Lily Pond1917-1919Private collection100 x 200W. 1898
Water-Lily Pond1917–1919Albertina, Vienna100 x 200W.1899
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1920Private collection100 x 200W.1900
The Water-Lily Pond (left side)1917–1920Location Unknown100 x 70W.1901/1
The Water-Lily Pond (right side)1917–1920Private Collection97 x 130W.1901/2
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1920Private collection46 x 56W.1901a
The Water-Lily Pond1917–1920Private collection86 x 90W.1901b
Water Lilies1919–1920Musée Marmottan Monet, Paris100 x 300W.1902
Water-Lily Pond, Evening (left panel)1920–1926Kunsthaus Zurich200 x 300 W.1964
Water-Lily Pond, Evening (right panel)1920–1926Kunsthaus Zurich200 x 300W.1965
Water-Lily Pond (left half)1920–1926Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima200 x 150W.1966
Water-Lily Pond (right half)1920–1926Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima200 x 150W.1967
Water-Lily Pond (triptych, left panel)1920–1926Beyeler Foundation, Basel200 x 300W.1968
Water-Lily Pond (triptych, center panel)1920–1926Beyeler Foundation, Basel200 x 300W.1969
Water-Lily Pond (triptych, right panel)1920–1926Beyeler Foundation, Basel200 x 300W.1970
Reflections of the Weeping Willow on the Water-Lily Pond1920-26Withdrawn by the artist200 x 425W.1971
Reflections of Clouds on the Water-Lily Pond (triptych, left panel)1920–1926Museum of Modern Art, New York200 x 424W.1972
Reflections of Clouds on the Water-Lily Pond (triptych, center panel)1920–1926Museum of Modern Art, New York200 x 424W.1973
Reflections of Clouds on the Water-Lily Pond (triptych, right panel)1920–1926Museum of Modern Art, New York200 x 424W.1974
Water Lilies, Agapanthus (left panel)1920–1926Cleveland Museum of Art200 x 425W.1975
Water Lilies, Agapanthus (center panel)1920–1926Saint Louis Art Museum200 x 425W.1976
Water Lilies, Agapanthus (right panel)1920–1926Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City200 x 425W.1977
Water-Lilies1920–1926National Gallery, London200 x 427W.1978
The Water-Lily Pond, Green Reflections1920–1926Kunsthaus Zurich200 x 425W.1979
Water-Lily Pond with Irises1920–1926Kunsthaus Zurich200 x 600W.1980
Water Lilies1920–1926Museum of Modern Art, New York200 x 600W.1981
Water-Lily Pond1920–1926Museum of Modern Art, New York200 x 602
(lost in fire)
W.1982
Water-Lily Pond1920–1926Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh200 x 600W.1983
Sunset1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 600First room: 1
The Clouds1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 1275First room: 2a-c
Green Reflections1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 850First room: 3a-b
Morning1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 1275First room: 4a-d
Tree Reflections1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 850Second room: 1a-b
Morning with Willows1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 1275Second room 2a-c
The Two Willows1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 1700Second room: 3a-d
Clear Morning with Willows1914–1926Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris200 x 1257Second room: 4a-c

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. "Monet, Claude." Grove Art Online.
  2. News: Smart . Alastair . Why are Monet's water-lilies so popular? . . telegraph.co.uk . 2 November 2016 . 18 October 2014 . 4 November 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161104011444/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-features/11167000/Why-are-Monets-water-lilies-so-popular.html . live.
  3. Tucker, Paul Hayes, Monet in the '90s: The Series Paintings, 1989, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston in association with Yale University Press, p. 41.
  4. Susan Bell. "Paris sees Monet lilies in a new light." The Times. 8 May 1999.
  5. http://www.marmottan.fr/fr/claude_monet-musee-2517 Claude Monet paintings
  6. http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search?ft=monet Water Lilies
  7. http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/artist/Monet%2C+Claude Water Lilies
  8. http://www.slam.org/emuseum/code/emuseum.asp?style=single&currentrecord=1&page=seealso&profile=objects&searchdesc=The%20Promenade%20with%20the%20Rail...&searchstring=id/,/is/,/7056/,/false/,/true&newvalues=1&rawsearch=id/,/is/,/1930/,/false/,/true&newstyle=single&newprofile=objects&newsearchdesc=Water%20Lilies&newcurrentrecord=1&module=objects Water Lilies
  9. https://art.nelson-atkins.org/objects/6650/water-lilies Water Lilies
  10. Web site: July 8 Art Minute: Claude Monet, "Water Lilies" . 8 July 2016 . The Toledo Museum of Art.
  11. Web site: Water Lilies (Agapanthus) . Cleveland Museum of Art . 31 January 2013 . 8 July 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130708101242/http://www.clevelandart.org/art/1960.81 . live.
  12. Web site: Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco . FAMSF . 31 January 2019 . 28 February 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110228112622/http://www.famsf.org/ . live.
  13. Web site: Boston's Museum Of Fine Arts Turns 150, Celebrates Monet's 'Lasting Impression' . NPR.org . 1 August 2020 . 2 September 2020 . 1 September 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200901173922/https://www.npr.org/2020/09/01/905495898/bostons-museum-of-fine-arts-turns-150-celebrates-monet-s-lasting-impression . live.
  14. Dalya Alberge. "Monet lilies make £18.5m but just miss world record." The Times. 20 June 2007.
  15. http://www.xmotu.com/laurahenrycollection/news_monet.html The Laura Henry Collection
  16. News: Monet water lily to be auctioned at Christie's . 3 June 2010 . . 3 June 2010.
  17. News: Picasso reaches £34.7m in Christie's auction . 24 June 2010 . BBC News . 26 June 2010 . 26 June 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100626060753/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment_and_arts/10396341.stm . live.
  18. Web site: Embuscado . Rain . Frida Kahlo Breaks Record at Christie's May Sale . News.artnet.com . 12 May 2016 . 31 January 2019 . 14 November 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181114212554/https://news.artnet.com/market/christies-141-million-impressionist-evening-sale-496091 . live.
  19. Web site: Monet painting of waterlilies sells for $54 million at auction . . 26 June 2014 . 16 May 2018 . 17 May 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180517082024/http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/culture/la-et-cm-monet-painting-auction-20140626-story.html . live.
  20. News: Denham, Jess . Claude Monet water lilies painting sells for £32m in second highest sale for his work . The Independent . 24 June 2014 . 31 January 2019 . 4 July 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180704012727/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/claude-monet-water-lilies-sell-for-32m-in-second-highest-auction-sale-for-his-work-9558624.html . live.
  21. Web site: CLAUDE MONET (1840–1926) . 2022-07-04 . www.christies.com . en.