St. Louis Post-Dispatch Explained

St. Louis Post-Dispatch
Type:	Daily newspaper
Format:	Compact (March 23, 2009)
Owners:	Lee Enterprises
Editor:	Gilbert Bailon
Publisher:	Ian Caso^[1]
Founder:	Joseph Pulitzer
Headquarters:	901 North 10th Street St. Louis, Missouri 63101
Circulation:	99,618 Daily 109,407 Sunday
Circulation Date:	2023
Circulation Ref:	^[2]
Issn:	1930-9600
Oclc:	1764810

The St. Louis Post-Dispatch is a regional newspaper based in St. Louis, Missouri, serving the St. Louis metropolitan area. It is the largest daily newspaper in the metropolitan area by circulation, surpassing the Belleville News-Democrat, Alton Telegraph, and Edwardsville Intelligencer. The publication has received 19 Pulitzer Prizes.^[3]

The paper is owned by Lee Enterprises of Davenport, Iowa, which purchased Pulitzer, Inc. in 2005 in a cash deal valued at $1.46 billion.

Platform

On April 10, 1907, Joseph Pulitzer wrote what became known as the paper's platform:

I know that my retirement will make no difference in its cardinal principles, that it will always fight for progress and reform, never tolerate injustice or corruption, always fight demagogues of all parties, never belong to any party, always oppose privileged classes and public plunderers, never lack sympathy with the poor, always remain devoted to the public welfare, never be satisfied with merely printing news, always be drastically independent, never be afraid to attack wrong, whether by predatory plutocracy or predatory poverty.^[4]

History

Early years

In 1878, Pulitzer purchased the bankrupt St. Louis Dispatch at a public auction^[5] and merged it with the St. Louis Evening Post to create the St. Louis Post and Dispatch, whose title was soon shortened to its current form. He appointed John A. Cockerill as the managing editor. Its first edition, 4,020 copies of four pages each, appeared on December 12, 1878.In 1882, James Overton Broadhead ran for Congress against John Glover. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, at Cockerill's direction, ran a number of articles questioning Broadhead's role in a lawsuit between a gaslight company and the city; Broadhead never responded to the charges.^[6] Broadhead's friend and law partner, Alonzo W. Slayback, publicly defended Broadhead, asserting that the Post-Dispatch was nothing more than a "blackmailing sheet". The next day, October 13, 1882, Cockerill re-ran an offensive "card" by John Glover that the paper had published the prior year (November 11, 1881). Incensed, Slayback barged into Cockerill's offices at the paper demanding an apology. Cockerill shot and killed Slayback; he claimed self-defense, and a pistol was allegedly found on Slayback's body. A grand jury refused to indict Cockerill for murder, but the economic consequences for the paper were severe. In May 1883, Pulitzer sent Cockerill to New York to manage the New York World for him.^[7]

The Post-Dispatch was one of the first daily newspapers to print a comics section in color, on the back page of the features section, styled the "Everyday Magazine."

20th century

At one time, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch had the second-largest news bureau in Washington, D.C., of any newspaper in the Midwestern United States.^[8]

After Joseph Pulitzer's retirement, generations of Pulitzers guided the newspaper, ending when great-grandson Joseph Pulitzer IV left the company in 1995.

The Post-Dispatch was characterized by a liberal editorial page and columnists, including Marquis Childs. The editorial page was noted also for political cartoons by Daniel R. Fitzpatrick, who won the 1955 Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartoons,^[9] and Bill Mauldin, who won the Pulitzer for editorial cartoons in 1959.

On May 22, 1946, the Post-Dispatch became the first newspaper in the world to publish the secret protocols for the 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.^[10]

During the presidency of Harry S. Truman, the paper was one of his most outspoken critics. It associated him with the Pendergast machine in Kansas City, and constantly attacked his integrity.

In 1950, the Post-Dispatch sent a reporter, Dent McSkimming, to Brazil to cover the 1950 FIFA World Cup. The reporter paid for his own travelling expenses and was the only U.S. reporter in all of Brazil covering the event.^[11]

In 1959 the St. Louis Globe-Democrat entered into a joint operating agreement with the Post-Dispatch. The Post–Globe operation merged advertising, printing functions and shared profits. The Post-Dispatch, distributed evenings, had a smaller circulation than the Globe-Democrat, a morning daily. The Globe-Democrat folded in 1983, leaving the Post-Dispatch as the only daily newspaper in the region.^[12]

In August 1973 a Teamsters union local representing Globe-Democrat and Post-Dispatch staffers went on strike, halting production for six weeks.^[13]

21st century

In September 2003, the Post-Dispatch accepted submissions for a 63rd anniversary special of Our Own Oddities, a lighthearted feature that ran from 1940 to 1991.^[14] The best submissions, including a duck-shaped cucumber and a woman born on December 7, 1941, with the initials W.A.R., were illustrated by Post-Dispatch artist Dan Martin and featured in the October 6, 2003, edition.^[15]

On January 13, 2004, the Post-Dispatch published a 125th-anniversary edition, which included some highlights of the paper's 125 years:

• Coverage of Charles Lindbergh, who flew across the Atlantic despite being denied financial or written support from the Post-Dispatch.
• A Pulitzer Prize-winning campaign to clean up smoke pollution in St. Louis. In the late 1930s and early 1940s, the city had the filthiest air in the United States.
• Sports coverage, including nine St. Louis Cardinals championships, an NBA title by the St. Louis Hawks in 1958, and the 2000 Super Bowl victory of the St. Louis Rams.
• Coverage of the city's "cultural icons" including Kate Chopin, Tennessee Williams, Chuck Berry, and Miles Davis.

On January 31, 2005, Michael Pulitzer announced the sale of Pulitzer, Inc. and all its assets, including the Post-Dispatch and a small share of the St. Louis Cardinals, to Lee Enterprises of Davenport, Iowa, for $1.46 billion. He said no family members would serve on the board of the merged company.

the Post-Dispatch was the fifth-largest newspaper in the midwestern United States and the 26th-largest newspaper in the U.S.^[16]

On March 12, 2007, the paper eliminated 31 jobs, mostly in its circulation, classified phone rooms, production, purchasing, telephone operations and marketing departments.^[17] Several rounds of layoffs have followed.

On March 23, 2009, the paper converted to a compact style every day from the previous broadsheet Sunday through Friday and tabloid on Saturday.

On May 4, 2012, the Post-Dispatch named a new editor, Gilbert Bailon.

In 2015, the paper was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for breaking news photography for its coverage of protests in Ferguson, Missouri.

Endorsements for U.S. president

!Year!endorsement for president (*lost)!party

1972	George McGovern*	Democratic
1976	Jimmy Carter	Democratic
1980	Jimmy Carter	Democratic
1984	Walter Mondale	Democratic
1988	Michael Dukakis	Democratic
1992	Bill Clinton	Democratic
1996	Bill Clinton	Democratic
2000	Al Gore	Democratic
2004	John Kerry	Democratic
2008	Barack Obama	Democratic
2012	Barack Obama	Democratic
2016	Hillary Clinton	Democratic
2020	Joe Biden	Democratic

Circulation and cost

Circulation dropped for the daily paper from 213,472 to 191,631 and then 178,801 for the two years after 2010, ending on September 30, 2011, and September 30, 2012, respectively. The Sunday paper also decreased from 401,427 to 332,825 and then to 299,227.^[18] The circulation as of September 30, 2016, was 98,104 daily and 157,543 on Sunday.^[19]

According to a 2017 press release from Lee Enterprises, the paper reaches more than 792,600 readers each week and stltoday.com has roughly 67 million page views a month.^[20]

The paper sells for $3 daily or $4.25 on Sundays and Thanksgiving Day. The price may be higher outside adjacent counties and states. Sales tax is included at newsracks.

Weatherbird

See main article: Weatherbird. On February 11, 1901, the paper introduced a front-page feature called the "Weatherbird", a cartoon bird accompanying the daily weather forecast. "Weatherbird" is the oldest continuously published cartoon in the United States. Created by Harry B. Martin, who drew it through 1903, it has since been drawn by Oscar Chopin (1903–1910); S. Carlisle Martin (1910–1932); Amadee Wohlschlaeger (1932–1981); Albert Schweitzer, the first one to draw the Weatherbird in color (1981–1986); and Dan Martin (1986–present).^[21]

Notable people

• Jerry Berger, society columnist, 1980–2004
• Bob Broeg, Hall of Fame baseball writer, 1946–2004
• Jacob Burck, political cartoonist, 1937–1938
• Cole Charles Campbell, editor, 1996–2000^[22]
• Oscar Chopin, cartoonist, 1903–1910
• Richard Dudman, national affairs correspondent and Washington bureau chief, 1950–1981
• Daniel R. Fitzpatrick
• Derrick Goold, author and sportswriter
• Rick Hummel, Hall of Fame baseball writer, 1971–2023
• Clair Kenamore, foreign correspondent, telegraph editor, feature writer and Sunday magazine editor, early 20th century
• Joe Mahr, Pulitzer Prize–winning investigative journalist, 2006–2009
• Rose Marion (1875–1947), feature writer
• Dan Martin, Weatherbird cartoonist
• Harry B. Martin, cartoonist and golf writer
• S. Carlisle Martin, cartoonist and illustrator
• Marguerite Martyn, reporter and artist (1880–1948)^[23]
• Bill Mauldin, cartoonist
• Bernie Miklasz, sports columnist, 1985–2015
• Robert Minor, political cartoonist, 1907–1911
• Joseph Pulitzer, publisher
• Charlie Ross, chief Washington correspondent and editor, 1918–1945
• Neal Russo, baseball writer, 1947–1990
• Albert Schweitzer, cartoonist
• Elaine Viets, columnist, 1975–2000
• Rosa Kershaw Walker society column, 1870s
• Joe Williams, film critic, 1996–2015
• Amadee Wohlschlaeger, sports and Weatherbird cartoonist
• William Woo, journalist and editor-in-chief, 1962–1996

See also

• St. Louis Globe-Democrat, a major competing St. Louis daily newspaper, located one block away on the same street, closed in 1986
• St. Louis Sun, a short-lived competing daily newspaper started in 1989
• 100 Neediest Cases, an annual charitable giving campaign sponsored in part by the Post-Dispatch
• Riverfront Times, the St. Louis weekly newspaper
• The Sporting News, a sports magazine that was started in St. Louis

Further reading

• Jim McWilliams, Mark Twain in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 1874–1891 (Troy, New York: Whitston Publishing Company, 1997).
• Merrill, John C. and Harold A. Fisher. The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers (1980) pp 286–93
• Daniel W. Pfaff, Joseph Pulitzer II and the Post-Dispatch: A Newspaperman's Life (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991).
• Julian S. Rammelkamp, Pulitzer's Post-Dispatch, 1878–1883 (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1967).
• Charles G. Ross and Carlos F. Hurd, The Story of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis: Pulitzer Publishing, 1944).
• The St. Louis Post-Dispatch as Appraised by Ten Distinguished Americans (St. Louis, 1926).
• Orrick Johns, Time of Our Lives: The Story of My Father and Myself, (New York, 1937). George Sibley Johns, father of the author, was editor of the Post-Dispatch for many years, and was the last of Joseph Pulitzer's "Fighting Editors".
• Dan Martin, The story of the First 100 Years of the St. Louis Post Dispatch Weatherbird (St. Louis, 2001).

External links

• • St. Louis Post-Dispatch Archive (1874–present)
• St. Louis Post-Dispatch photographs at the University of Maryland Libraries

Finding aids at the St. Louis Public Library

• Oct 2021 . http://rbsc.slpl.org/MA_Post_Dispatch.pdf . St. Louis Post-Dispatch . St. Louis Public Library (SLPL) . Manuscript stacks, row 12 . Frank . Absher . Dec 2014 . 1878-2014 . Manuscripts, publications, pamphlets, advertising, marketing, ephemera .
• Oct 2021 . http://rbsc.slpl.org/MA_P_D_Notebook.pdf . Post-Dispatch Notebook . SLPL . Manuscript stacks, row 13 . Jim . Short . May 2014 . 1950-1957 .
• Oct 2021 . http://rbsc.slpl.org/MA_P_D_TV_Magazine.pdf . St. Louis Post-Dispatch TV Magazine . SLPL . Manuscript stacks, row 12. Vivian . Kuchner . June 2014 . 1956-1981 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Ian Caso named publisher of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch . https://web.archive.org/web/20230605173636/https://lee.net/news/ian-caso-named-publisher-of-the-st-louis-post-dispatch/article_20390cd8-5409-11ea-9b53-774298de7f8a.html . June 5, 2023 . February 20, 2020 .
2. Web site: Form 10-K. Lee Enterprises . investors.lee.net . February 29, 2024.
3. News: Pulitzer prizes won by the Post-Dispatch. stltoday.com. 2019-04-15. en. April 15, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190415201357/https://www.stltoday.com/news/archives/pulitzer-prizes-won-by-the-post-dispatch/collection_ddcf45a9-6e37-54af-b27c-09aa8f34ffa2.html. live.
4. St. Louis Post-Dispatch Platform from the newspaper's website.
5. Web site: Jolley. Laura R.. Joseph Pulitzer. Missouri Biographies for Students. October 29, 2015. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20151017045715/http://shs.umsystem.edu/historicmissourians/name/p/pulitzer/. October 17, 2015.
6. Shepley, Carol Ferring. Movers and Shakers, Scalawags and Suffragettes: Tales from Bellefontaine Cemetery. Missouri History Museum: St. Louis, 2008.
7. Web site: Col. Alonzo W. Slayback . 2013-07-29 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120315055555/http://www.usgennet.org/usa/mo/county/stlouis/slayback.htm . 2012-03-15 .
8. Web site: Washington Reporters' Mass Exodus. Tady. Megan. February 3, 2009. February 7, 2009. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20090206074947/http://inthesetimes.com/article/4201/washington_reporters_mass_exodus. February 6, 2009.
9. Web site: Daniel R. Fitzpatrick of St. Louis Post-Dispatch. www.pulitzer.org. en. 2018-07-01. July 2, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011355/http://www.pulitzer.org/winners/daniel-r-fitzpatrick. live.
10. News: Richard L.. Stokes. Secret Soviet-Nazi Pacts on Eastern Europe Aired: Purported Texts on Agreed Spheres of Influence Produced at Nuernberg but Not Admitted at Trial. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. 1. 22 May 1946. 24 May 2019. July 18, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220718083554/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/138237790/. live.
11. Web site: Walter Bahr reflects on the day the US beat England and stunned the soccer world. https://web.archive.org/web/20180611230708/https://www.aarp.org/entertainment/arts-leisure/info-06-2010/walter_bahr_profile.html. dead. 11 June 2018. 10 June 2010. John. Hanc. AARP. 11 June 2018.
12. News: St. Louis Globe-Democrat announces it will close this year. 25 June 2017. The New York Times. 7 November 1983. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170628052711/http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/08/us/st-louis-globe-democrat-announces-it-will-close-this-year.html. 28 June 2017.
13. News: Post-Dispatch in St. Louis Publishes After 6 Weeks. The New York Times . 25 June 2017. Associated Press. 6 October 1973. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170629204042/http://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/07/archives/postdispatch-in-st-louis-publishes-after-6-weeks.html. 29 June 2017.
14. "Are We as Odd as We Used to Be?" St. Louis Post-Dispatch, September 3, 2003.
15. Jeff Daniel, "It's Odd That You Should Mention It," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, October 6, 2003.
16. Web site: 2007 . Top 100 Newspapers in the United States . 2022-12-14 . www.infoplease.com . en . August 6, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200806201759/https://www.infoplease.com/culture-entertainment/journalism-literature/top-100-newspapers-united-states . live .
17. "St. Louis Post Dispatch to cut 31 Jobs", St. Louis Business Journal, March 12, 2007.
18. As of September 30, 2012 Web site: 2012 Top Media Outlets: Newspapers, Blogs, Consumer Magazines, Social Networks, and Websites . BurrellesLuce . January 2013 . March 21, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130322234837/http://www.burrellesluce.com/resources/top_media_outlets . March 22, 2013 .
19. Web site: Post-Dispatch parent makes $140M acquisition. St. Louis Business Journal. January 29, 2020. live. April 20, 2021. June 20, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210620071808/https://www.bizjournals.com/stlouis/news/2020/01/29/post-dispatch-parent-makes-140m-acquisition.html.
20. News: St. Louis Post-Dispatch named Lee's 2017 Enterprise of the Year. Lee Enterprises. 2018-07-01. en. November 5, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181105205422/http://lee.net/news/st-louis-post-dispatch-named-lee-s-enterprise-of-the/article_8568c096-dc3b-11e7-99c4-438f190028f8.html. live.
21. Web site: St. Louis Public Library UPDATE: A Tribute to Amadee . September 4, 2014 . St. Louis Public Library, City of St. Louis . September 8, 2016 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160915124257/https://www.stlouis-mo.gov/news-media/newsgram/a-tribute-to-amadee.cfm . September 15, 2016 .
22. Johnston, David Cay (January 8, 2007), "" . The New York Times
23. Web site: St. Louis Post-Dispatch 17 Apr 1948, page Page 5. https://web.archive.org/web/20161221233055/https://stltoday.newspapers.com/image/138139192/?terms=Marguerite%2BMartyn. dead. December 21, 2016. Newspapers.com.