Shakespeare Theatre Company Explained

Shakespeare Theatre Company
Artisticdirector:	Simon Godwin
Managingdirector:	Rebecca Ende Lichtenberg (beginning February, 2024)
Formed:	1986
Location:	Sidney Harman Hall, 610 F Street NW, Washington, D.C.; Klein Theatre, 450 7th Street NW, Washington, D C., U.S.
Homepage:	http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/
Genre:	"...to present classic theatre of scope and size in an imaginative, skillful and accessible American style that honors the playwrights' language and intentions while viewing their work through a 21st-century lens".

The Shakespeare Theatre Company is a regional theatre company located in Washington, D.C. The theatre company focuses primarily on plays from the Shakespeare canon, but its seasons include works by other classic playwrights such as Euripides, Ibsen, Wilde, Shaw, Schiller, Coward and Tennessee Williams. The company manages and performs in two spaces: The Michael R. Klein Theatre and Sidney Harman Hall. In cooperation with George Washington University, they run the STC Academy.

The company is a League of Resident Theatres member. Its current artistic director (since 2019) is Simon Godwin, who previously was based in London, serving as associate director of London's Royal National Theatre, associate director of the Royal Court Theatre and associate director at Bristol Old Vic.

History

The Folger Shakespeare Library on Capitol Hill includes a replica of an Elizabethan theatre, originally used for lectures and tours. In 1970 this space was transformed into a functioning playhouse, and soon Folger Theatre Group (later The Folger Theatre) was organized to perform.^[1]

After years of discussion, Amherst College, administering body of the Folger Shakespeare Library, in 1986 withdrew financial support for the company.^[2] To save the company, concerned citizens led by R. Robert Linowes reincorporated it as the non-profit Shakespeare Theatre at the Folger, later hiring Michael Kahn as artistic director.^[3] The company continued to perform at the Folger for the next six years.^[1]

Changing its name to The Shakespeare Theatre, the troupe moved in 1992 to the Lansburgh Theatre (now, the Klein Theatre), a newly built space in the original Lansburgh's Department Store building in the Penn Quarter. At the start of the 2005–06 season, it adopted the current name, Shakespeare Theatre Company. The company constructed another theatre, Sidney Harman Hall, which opened in 2007 in the lower part of an office building in the quarter, and the two theatres were joined to become the Harman Center for the Arts.^{[4] [5] [6]}

Meanwhile, after initially importing traveling shows from the Shenandoah Shakespeare Express the Folger Shakespeare Library developed a new Folger Theatre company to present plays in its Elizabethan replica.

Facilities

STC has two current performance venues. The newer and larger Sidney Harman Hall occupies the lower half of an 11-story office tower. The exterior is distinguished by a glass façade curtain wall on a projected bay window. The 761-seat performance space can be configured as a proscenium, thrust, semi-arena, corridor or bare stage.^{[7] [8]} The smaller Klein Theatre (formerly the Lansburgh Theatre) is in the restored former Lansburgh's Department Store flagship store, originally built in 1882. The performance space is a 451-seat classic proscenium stage. The seating arrangement is reminiscent of a Greek Amphitheater. It has been described as "an intimate space for dramatic theatre, ensemble music, and dance"^[9]

In the past, the company has performed shows at the Terrace Theater in the Kennedy Center.^[10]

In addition to its performance spaces, the company maintains administrative offices, rehearsal studios, and a costume shop in the Capitol Hill neighborhood.^{[11] [12]} A set construction and painting shop is near Catholic University in Northeast D.C.^[13] Finally a stage properties shop for the construction and storage of furniture, decorative items, hand props and a variety of set dressing items is located just outside D.C. on the northeast side of the city.^[14]

Theatrical focus

The Shakespeare Theatre Company's self-professed mission is "...to present classic theatre of scope and size in an imaginative, skillful and accessible American style that honors the playwrights' language and intentions while viewing their work through a 21st-century lens".^[15] Their vision is to "... endeavor to be an important resource to an expanded national and international community—as the nation’s premier destination for classic theatre, as a training ground for the next generation of theatre artists and as a model provider of high-quality educational content for students and scholars."^[15]

Artistic directors

• Richmond Crinkley (1970–1973) (while Folger Theatre Group)^[16]
• Louis W. Scheeder (1973–1980) (while Folger Theatre Group)^{[17] [18]}
• John Neville-Andrews (1980–1986) (name changed to Folger Theatre then Shakespeare Theatre at the Folger)^{[17] [18]}
• Michael Kahn (1986–2019) (while Shakespeare Theatre at the Folger, then Shakespeare Theatre Company)^{[19] [20]}
• Simon Godwin (2019–)^{[21] [22]}

Current and recent productions

Resident theatre company pioneer Zelda Fichandler has stated that for resident theatre companies "repertory is destiny" – a theatre company acquires its audience by the productions it presents.^[23] Most of The Shakespeare Theatre Company's productions are from The Bard's canon. However each year up to half of the productions are classical works by other authors. The oldest has been Aeschylus's The Persians, the oldest surviving play in the history of theatre.^[24] The youngest plays include works by Tennessee Williams (Camino Real, Sweet Bird of Youth) and Harold Pinter (Old Times). The company has also produced modern interpretations of classical texts such as Mary Zimmerman's Argonautika (adapted from The Voyage of Jason and the Argonauts).^[25]

2017–2018 season

Fully staged productions:^[26]

• The Lover and The Collection, by Harold Pinter

• Twelfth Night, by William Shakespeare

• Hamlet, by William Shakespeare

• Noura, by Heather Raffo

• Camelot, book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe

Shakespeare Theatre Company presentation:^[27]

• Waiting for Godot, by Samuel Beckett, created and presented by Druid

2016–2017 season

Fully staged productions:^[28]

• Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare

• The Secret Garden, by Marsha Norman and Lucy Simon and based on the novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett

• Charles III, by Mike Bartlett

• Macbeth, by William Shakespeare

• The School for Lies, adapted by David Ives and based on a play by Molière

Shakespeare Theatre Company Presentation:^[29]

• The Select (The Sun Also Rises), based on a novel by Ernest Hemingway, adapted and presented by Elevator Repair Service,

Notable guest artists

In addition to its troupe of regular and frequently appearing actors, the Shakespeare Theatre Company invites guest performers and directors each season.

• Jane Alexander – Ghosts (Mrs. Alving)^[30]

• Elizabeth Ashley – Mrs. Warren's Profession (Mrs Warren),^[31] The Little Foxes (Regina)^[32]

• Michael Attenborough – director (As You Like It^[33])

• René Auberjonois – The Imaginary Invalid (Argan)^[34]

• Keith Baxter – actor, Measure For Measure (Duke Vincentio), Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2 (Henry IV), The Merchant of Venice (Antonio);^[35] director (Lady Windermere's Fan, The Imaginary Invalid,^[34] The Rivals, The Country Wife, Henry IV, Part 1,^[36] Mrs. Warren's Profession,^[37] An Ideal Husband,^[38] The Importance of Being Earnest^[39])

• André Braugher – Othello (Iago)^[40]

• Avery Brooks – Othello (Othello),^[40] The Oedipus Plays (Oedipus),^[41] Tamburlaine (Tamburlaine)^[42]

• Ron Canada – Othello (Iago)^[43]

• Dixie Carter – Lady Windermere's Fan (Mrs. Erlynne)^[44]

• Jeffrey Carlson – Hamlet (Hamlet)^[45]

• Pat Carroll – Romeo and Juliet (Nurse),^[46] The Merry Wives of Windsor (Falstaff),^[47] Mother Courage and Her Children (Mother Courage),^[48] Volpone (Volpone)^[49]

• Gale Edwards – director (Edward II, Titus Andronicus, Richard III, Hamlet)

• Harry Hamlin – Henry V (Henry V)^[50]

• Hal Holbrook – The Merchant of Venice (Shylock)^[51]

• Tom Hulce – Hamlet (Hamlet)^[52]

• Stacy Keach – Richard III (Richard),^[53] King Lear (Lear),^[54] Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2 (Falstaff)

• Sabrina LeBeauf – Love's Labour's Lost (Rosaline),^[55] The Taming of the Shrew (Kathrine)^[56]

• Marsha Mason – All's Well That Ends Well (Countess of Rousillon)^[57]

• Kelly McGillis – The Merchant of Venice (Portia),^[58] Twelfth Night (Viola),^[59] Mourning Becomes Electra (Lavinia),^[60] MacBeth (Lady MacBeth),^[61] The Duchess of Malfi (Duchess), As You Like It (Rosalind), Measure for Measure (Isabella), All's Well That Ends Well (Helena), Much Ado About Nothing (Beatrice)^[62]

• Patrick Page – Othello (Iago),^[63] Macbeth (Macbeth),^[61] Coriolanus (Coriolanus),^[64] King Lear (King Lear).

• Siân Phillips – The Importance of Being Earnest (Lady Bracknell)^[39]

• Richard Schiff – Hughie (Erie Smith)^[65]

• Jean Stapleton – Romeo and Juliet (Nurse)

• Patrick Stewart – Othello (Othello)^[66]

• Rebecca Taichman – director (The Taming of the Shrew, Twelfth Night, Cymbeline, The Winter's Tale)^{[67] [68]}

• Richard Thomas – Richard II (Richard)^[69]

• Paul Winfield – Merry Wives of Windsor (Falstaff)^[70]

• Hannah Yelland – The Winter's Tale (Hermione)^[68]

• Mary Zimmerman – director (Pericles, Argonautika, Candide, The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci)^[67]

Commissioned works

The Shakespeare Theatre Company commissioned playwright David Ives to translapt (translate and adapt) a series of rediscovered European comedy masterpieces, as follows:

• The Liar by Pierre Corneille^[71]

• The Heir Apparent by Jean-François Regnard^[72]

• The Metromaniacs by Alexis Piron

• School for Lies, based on Molière's The Misanthrope^[73]

• The Panties, The Partner and the Profit: inspired by The Underpants, The Snob, 1913, and The Fossil by Carl Sternheim^[74]

All plays featured Ives's rhyming wordplay and were directed by Michael Kahn.

The Liar subsequently opened off-Broadway, again directed by Michael Kahn.^[75]

Notable events

Black Iago in Othello

In 1990 artistic director Michael Kahn and black director Harold Scott cast black actors as Iago and Emilia, the trusted ensign who incites the Moor's fatal jealousy and his wife. With Avery Brooks as Othello, Andre Braugher as Iago and Franchelle Stewart Dorn as Emilia, the resulting production was critically acclaimed.^{[76] [77] [78]}

Race-reversed Othello

In 1997 the Shakespeare Theatre Company produced an Othello in which Othello was white with an otherwise all-black cast. Actor Patrick Stewart approached artistic director Michael Kahn with the concept: "I've been imagining myself playing Othello and, in a sense, preparing for it, since I was about 14. When the time came that I was old enough and experienced enough to do it, it was the same time that it no longer became acceptable for a white actor to put on blackface and pretend to be African. One of my hopes for this production is that it will continue to say what a conventional production of Othello would say about racism and prejudice... To replace the black outsider with a white man in a black society will, I hope, encourage a much broader view of the fundamentals of racism."^{[79] [80]} Ron Canada performed the part of Iago.^[43] During the Meet the Cast event before the production, Stewart remarked that he realized that while he had never performed this role, all of the principal male actors in the cast had. He would learn from them.^[81]

The Oedipus Plays at the Athens Festival

After seeing The Shakespeare Theatre Company's production of The Oedipus Plays in September 2001, officials from the Greek Embassy in Washington arranged for an invitation to the company to perform it as part of the 2003 Athens Festival. The show was a single-evening adaption by Michael Kahn of Sophocles' three plays Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus and Antigone. He changed the setting from Greece to central Africa, and used an all-black cast headed by Avery Brooks. The performance was on 10–11 September 2003 in the semicircular 5,000-seat Odeon theater on the south slope of the Acropolis. As a historical footnote, the original production had just opened the week before the September 11 attacks. After a single performance cancellation that night, the show went on the next night (9/12) with a new meaning for cast and audience. The second Athens' performance was two years to the day after the attack.^{[82] [83]}

Love's Labor's Lost at the Royal Shakespeare Company's Complete Works Festival

The Shakespeare Theatre Company took its production of Love’s Labor’s Lost to England to participate in the Royal Shakespeare Company’s Complete Works Festival. Performances were from 17 to 26 August 2006 in the Swan Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon.^{[84] [85] [86]}

Shakespeare in Washington Festival

From January through June 2007, The Shakespeare Theatre co-hosted the International Shakespeare in Washington Festival. This celebration was conceived by Michael Kaiser, President of the Kennedy Center, and was curated by Michael Kahn. Over 60 arts organizations produced over 100 presentations.^[87]

Opening of Sidney Harman Hall

On 1 October 2007, Sidney Harman Hall opened with a gala performance emceed by Sam Waterston and featuring ballet dancers Nina Ananiashvili and Julio Bocca, Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra with Wynton Marsalis, actress Patti LuPone, violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter, The Washington Ballet, Washington Performing Arts Society’s (WPAS) Men and Women of the Gospel Mass Choir and actors from the Shakespeare Theatre Company.^[88]

Special performances of The Great Game: Afghanistan

At the request of US Department of Defense officials and with support funding from private sources, the Shakespeare Theatre Company donated Harman Hall. It provided logistical support for two all-day special performances of the full cycle of . The 10–11 February 2011 performances were offered free to soldiers, wounded veterans and government officials in the Washington, D.C., area.^{[89] [90] [91]}

Awards

The Shakespeare Theatre Company both presents and receives awards. Annually it presents The Will Award and The Emery Battis award. Additionally it regularly receives awards for its productions.

The Will Award

The William Shakespeare Award for Classical Theatre (The Will Award) has been presented by the Shakespeare Theatre Company since 1988. The Will Award is an annual honor to recognize an artist who has significantly contributed to classical theatre in America.^[92] Since at least 2008 the award ceremony has been held under the patronage of the British Ambassador and his wife.^[93]

Recipients:^[92]

• 1988 – Joseph Papp
• 1989 – Kevin Kline
• 1990 – Christopher Plummer
• 1991 – Kenneth Branagh
• 1992 – Mel Gibson
• 1993 – Morgan Freeman
• 1994 – Christopher Walken
• 1995 – Lynn Redgrave
• 1996 – Sam Waterston
• 1997 – Patrick Stewart^[94]
• 1998 – Hal Holbrook
• 1999 – Dame Maggie Smith^[95]
• 2000 – Sir Anthony Hopkins
• 2001 – Ralph Fiennes
• 2002 – Michael Kahn
• 2003 – Fiona Shaw
• 2004 – Dame Judi Dench^[96]
• 2005 – Jeremy Irons
• 2006 – Kevin Spacey
• 2007 – The Shakespeare Theatre Company’s Acting Company
• 2008 – Rennie Harris, Peter Martins and Chita Rivera
• 2009 – Sir Ian McKellen
• 2010 – Annette Bening
• 2011 – Michael Kahn in honor of his 25th Anniversary as Artistic Director
• 2012 – F. Murray Abraham^[97]
• 2013 – Elizabeth McGovern^[98]
• 2014 – John Hurt, Stacy Keach and Diana Rigg^[99]
• 2015 – Julie Taymor^[100]
• 2016 – Charles Dance
• 2017 – Laura Linney^[101]
• 2018 – Phylicia Rashad
• 2019 – Dame Eileen Atkins

The Emery Battis Awards

The Emery Battis Award for Acting Excellence is presented annually at the first opening night of the new season to recognize two actors whose work in a mainstage production demonstrates outstanding classical technique. The award is funded by an anonymous donor and includes a cash prize. It is named for the long time and beloved Shakespeare Theatre Company actor Emery Battis.^{[102] [103]}

Award recipients include:^{[104] [105]}

Actor	Production	Role	Season
Adam Green	The Liar	Cliton (the valet)	2009–2010
	Richard II, Henry V	Richard II, Henry V	2009–2010
	Old Times	Anna	2010–2011
Mark Nelson	The Merchant of Venice	Shylock	2010–2011
Carson Elrod	The Heir Apparent	Crispin	2011–2012
Steven Epp	The Servant of Two Masters	Truffaldino	2011–2012
	Coriolanus	Volumnia	2012–2013
	Coriolanus	Coriolanus	2012–2013
	Private Lives	Amanda	2013–2014^[106]
Matthew Amendt	Henry IV, Part 1 and Part 2	Prince Hal	2013–2014
Amber Iman	Man of La Mancha	Aldonza	2014–2015^[107]
Robert Stanton	The Critic & The Real Inspector Hound	Puff & Moon	2015–2016^[108]
Robyn Hurder	Kiss Me Kate	Bianca/Lois Lane	2015–2016

Received awards

• Over the past 29 years, the Shakespeare Theatre Company has won over 80 Helen Hayes Awards for producing, acting, directing, and design achievements.
• 2012: The Shakespeare Theatre Company in Washington, D.C., received the Tony Award for Regional Theatre.^[109]

Press notices

• 2017: The Washington Post said, "The quality of its seasons has taken a hit over the past several years" and "Where once it regularly ventured into daring terrain...it is making a conscious choice to lead from behind."^[110]
• 2007: The New York Times said the Shakespeare Theatre has "a repertory of classics that no New York theater of similar size and scale can match."^[111]
• 2001: The Christian Science Monitor printed, "The Shakespeare Theatre: The best classical theater in the country, bar none."^[112]
• 1999: The Economist named the Shakespeare Theatre Company as one of the "world's three great Shakespearean theatres"^[113]

Other activities

Free for All

In 1991, the Shakespeare Theatre Company began its annual Free For All productions at the Carter Barron Amphitheatre in D.C.'s Rock Creek Park. Each summer the company remounts a production from the previous season. Until 2009, these productions were held at the outdoor Amphitheatre in Rock Creek Park. However, in 2009 the company moved the free performances downtown and indoors^[114] For a complete list of the productions, see Shakespeare Theatre Company Free For All.

Rediscovery Series

Works for the ReDiscovery Series are chosen by Artistic Director Michael Kahn and presented under the direction of Shakespeare Theatre artistic staff. Guest artists join members of the Shakespeare Theatre Company and the Washington theatrical community to investigate these great but lesser known plays of world literature. The readings occur at the Lansburgh on at least three Mondays throughout the year and are hosted by company member Ted van Griethuysen. Guest scholars, translators and adaptors involved with the evening's reading also frequently participate in the rehearsal, performance and occasional post-performance discussion when time permits.^[115]

STC Academy

The Shakespeare Theatre Company and George Washington University offer a one-year intensive graduate program leading to a Master of Fine Arts degree. The curriculum focuses on the specific craft of acting Shakespeare and other classical texts. George Washington University provides accreditation for an MFA degree, resources and strong links to the Folger Shakespeare Library and the Library of Congress.^{[116] [117]} The program has graduated over 100 actors who are now performing on stages in New York, Washington, D.C., and across the country.^[118]

See also

• Helen Hayes Award
• Shakespeare Theatre Company Free For All
• Theater in Washington D.C.

External links

• Calendar of events at Shakespeare Theatre
• Official website

Notes and References

1. http://www.folger.edu/Content/Whats-On/Folger-Theatre/About-Folger-Theatre/1970ndash1991.cfm About Folger Theatre 1970–1991 Folger Theatre Group
2. News: Rousuck. J. Wynn. Much ado is rightly made about Shakespeare space. 18 June 2013. The Baltimore Sun. 4 March 1992.
3. News: Yarrow. Andrew. Folger in Washington Survives Its Own Drama. 9 January 2014. The New York Times. 15 October 1987.
4. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/23/theater/23park.html?_r=1&ref=arts&oref=slogin Ashley Parker, "Synonymous With Shakespeare in Washington", The New York Times, 23 September 2007
5. P. Marks, "A Bold New Stage for D.C.", Washington Post, p.R1 9 September 2007
6. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/12/AR2007091200888_2.html "Harman Theater Open House: District Community Events, Sept. 13–20, 2007", The Washington Post, 12 Sept. 2007
7. http://www.goldstar.com/venues/washington-dc/sidney-harman-hall.html Goldstar.com
8. Web site: The Bold and the Beautiful . SoapAsk.com. 8 January 2011.
9. http://www.goldstar.com/venues/washington-dc/lansburgh-theatre.html Goldstar.com
10. Web site: Tennessee Williams Explored: Five by Tenn . kennedy-center.org. 20 January 2011.
11. http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/tickets/service/index.aspx Shakespeartheatre.org
12. http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/about/behind/costumes.aspx Shakespeartheatre.org
13. http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/about/behind/technical_direction.aspx Shakespearetheatre.org
14. http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/about/behind/props.aspx Shakespearetheatre.org
15. Web site: JThe Mission of the Shakespeare Theatre Company . shakespearetheatre.org. 20 January 2011.
16. https://web.archive.org/web/20121105084808/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1171984.html Former Folger, Kennedy Center Aide Richmond Crinkley Dies
17. News: Gussow. Mel. THE FOLGER THEATER IS ALIVE AND CLICKING. 9 January 2014. The New York Times. 9 June 1985.
18. 01/12/11 email from John Neville-Andrews
19. http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/about/people/artistic_director.aspx Shakespearetheatre.org
20. News: Pressley. Nelson. Michael Kahn plots his Shakespeare Theatre exit for 2019. 14 February 2017. The Washington Post. 13 February 2017.
21. Web site: Meet Simon Goodwin . Shakespeare Theatre Company . 5 September 2018.
22. News: Pressley . Nelson . Shakespeare Theatre Company names U.K.'s Simon Godwin to succeed Kahn . 6 September 2018 . The Washington Post . 6 September 2018.
23. Web site: TCG.org . 12 January 2011 . 18 May 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150518101124/https://www.tcg.org/publications/at/2003/wither.cfm . dead .
24. Web site: Past Productions. The Persians. The Shakespeare Theatre Company. 12 February 2011.
25. Web site: Production History. Shakespeare Theatre Company. 12 February 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110525050812/http://www.shakespearetheatre.org/history/all_prods.aspx. 25 May 2011.
26. News: Author. Guest. Shakespeare Theatre Company Unveils its 2017–2018 Season Lineup. 18 August 2017. DC Metro Theater Arts. 9 February 2017.
27. Web site: Waiting for Godot. Shakespeare Theatre Company. 19 August 2017.
28. Web site: 2016–2017 Season (Shakespeare Theatre Company). Shakespeare Theatre Company. 3 December 2017.
29. Web site: The Select (The Sun Also Rises). Shakespeare Theatre Company. 19 August 2017.
30. Web site: Jane Alexander Is Mrs. Alving in American-Set Ghosts . playbill.com. 18 January 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20121019172734/https://www.playbill.com/news/article/79868-Jane-Alexander-Is-Mrs-Alving-in-American-Set-Ghosts-June-3-July-27-in-DC. 19 October 2012.
31. Web site: Elizabeth Ashley To Star in Shakespeare Theatre Co's Mrs. Warren's profession . broadwayworld.com. 18 January 2011.
32. Web site: The Little Foxes . talkinbroadway.com. 18 January 2011.
33. News: Marks. Peter. Into the often drab woods with Shakespeare Theatre Company's 'As You Like It'. 27 November 2014. The Washington Post. 4 November 2014.
34. News: How to Treat an 'Imaginary Invalid' René Auberjonois Takes on the Challenge of Molière. Horwitz. Jane . 2 July 2008. The Washington Post. 18 January 2011.
35. News: The Importance of Being Earnest Program Book. Shakespeare Theatre Company. 27 January 2014.
36. Web site: CurtainUp DC Review Henry IV, Part 1 . curtainup.com. 20 January 2011.
37. News: Marks. Peter. 'Mrs. Warren's Profession' is alluring in Shakespeare Theatre Company production. 25 February 2013. The Washington Post. 16 June 2010.
38. News: Marks. Peter. Theater review: Shakespeare Theatre Company's 'An Ideal Husband'. 25 February 2013. The Washington Post. 16 March 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131216161035/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2011-03-16/lifestyle/35260648_1_sir-robert-chiltern-royal-nuptials-ideal-husband. 16 December 2013.
39. News: Pressley. Nelson. Siân Phillips's Wilde Ride. 11 January 2014. The Washington Post. 10 January 2014.
40. Web site: Othello Artistic Team and Cast . .shakespearetheatre.org. 18 January 2011.
41. Web site: African-Set Oedipus Plays Open 4 Sept. at DC Shakespeare Theatre . playbill.com. 18 January 2011.
42. Web site: Tamburlaine . washingtonian.com. 18 January 2011.
43. News: Rose. Lloyd. 'Othello': Twist on Timeless Tragedy: Patrick Stewart Adds New Dimension. 5 July 2013. The Washington Post. 18 November 1997.
44. Web site: Keith Baxter Directs Dixie Carter, Tessa Auberjonois in D.C. Shakespeare Theatre's Lady Windermere's Fan June 7 . playbill.com . 20 January 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121019173012/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/93385-Keith-Baxter-Directs-Dixie-Carter-Tessa-Auberjonois-in-DC-Shakespeare-Theatres-Lady-Windermeres-Fan-June-7 . 19 October 2012 . dmy-all .
45. Web site: Carlson Is Hamlet, Opening June 11 at DC's Shakespeare Theatre . playbill.com. 20 January 2011.
46. Web site: Pat Caroll Biography. wic.org. 28 February 2011.
47. News: Review/Theater; Pat Carroll as Falstaff in 'Merry Wives' at Folger. Rich. Frank . 30 May 1990. The New York Times. 20 January 2011.
48. News: Rose. Lloyd. Theater; A Great Display Of 'Courage'; Pat Carroll Is Heroic in Brecht's Masterpiece at Shakespeare Theatre. https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230901/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/offers.html?url=%2Fwashingtonpost%2Faccess%2F72136106.html%3FFMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Apr+13%2C+1993&author=Lloyd+Rose&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&startpage=B.01&desc=Theater%3B+A+Great+Display+Of+%60Courage%27%3B+Pat+Carroll+Is+Heroic+in+Brecht%27s+Masterpiece+at+Shakespeare+Theatre. dead. 28 June 2011. 13 February 2011. The Washington Post. 13 April 1993.
49. News: Rousuck. J. Wynn. Shakespeare Theatre gives greed a good name in 'Volpone' Theater review. 13 February 2011. The Baltimore Sun. 24 April 1996.
50. Web site: Harry Hamlin Biography (1951–). filmreference.com. 20 January 2011.
51. News: Rose. Lloyd. A Strained Quality of Mercy; All Isn't Well That Ends Well in 'Merchant'. https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230925/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/offers.html?url=%2Fwashingtonpost%2Faccess%2F42065506.html%3FFMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jun+2%2C+1999&author=Lloyd+Rose&pub=The+Washington+Post&startpage=C.01&desc=A+Strained+Quality+of+Mercy%3B+All+Isn%27t+Well+That+Ends+Well+in+%27Merchant%27. dead. 28 June 2011. 13 February 2011. The Washington Post. 2 June 1999.
52. News: Rose. Lloyd. The Human Heart of 'Hamlet'. https://web.archive.org/web/20110628230943/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/offers.html?url=%2Fwashingtonpost%2Faccess%2F74064511.html%3FFMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Nov+24%2C+1992&author=Lloyd+Rose&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&startpage=e.01&desc=Theater%3B+The+Human+Heart+of+%60Hamlet%27. dead. 28 June 2011. 13 February 2011. The Washington Post. 24 November 1992.
53. News: Gussow. Mel. Stacy Keach's Gleeful Richard III. 13 February 2011. The New York Times. 2 October 1990.
54. News: Marks. Peter. A Magnificent 'King Lear' Rises to the Madness. 13 February 2011. The Washington Post. 23 June 2009.
55. Web site: The Plays – Related Information About This Production. Shakespeare Theatre Company. 19 May 2013.
56. News: Marks. Peter. A 'Shrew' for The Summer of Our Discontent. https://archive.today/20130630141739/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2009-08-31/news/36790115_1_petruchio-baptista-minola-new-director. dead. 30 June 2013. 19 May 2013. The Washington Post. 31 August 2009.
57. News: Toscano. Michael. All's Well That Ends Well. 26 February 2013. Theatre Mania. 13 September 2010.
58. News: Richards. David. Meticulous 'Merchant';Brian Bedford & Kelly McGillis at the Folger. https://web.archive.org/web/20121105135349/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1254813.html. dead. 5 November 2012. 13 February 2011. The Washington Post. 4 May 1988.
59. News: Rich. Frank. Kelly McGillis Stars In 'Twelfth Night'. 13 February 2011. The New York Times. 4 October 1989.
60. News: Rose. Lloyd. Mourning Becomes Electra. 13 February 2011. The Washington Post. 7 May 1997.
61. Web site: Holtmeier. Lisa. An Absorbing Couple. Shakespeare Theatre Company 04-05 Season. ShakespeareTheatre.org. 8 May 2013.
62. Web site: Kelly McGillis Biography (1957–). filmreference.com. 13 February 2011.
63. News: Jones. Kenneth. Patrick Page Is Iago in D.C. Shakespeare Theatre's Othello in 2005–06; Moliere and Aeschylus on Season Slate. 8 March 2013. Playbill.com. 25 March 2005.
64. News: Marks. Peter. 'Coriolanus' turns on a potent Page. 8 May 2013. The Washington Post. 11 April 2013.
65. News: Pressley. Nelson. A splendid 'Hughie' at Shakespeare Theatre Company. https://archive.today/20130412040419/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-02-12/entertainment/37066620_1_night-clerk-erie-smith-hughie. dead. 12 April 2013. 25 February 2013. The Washington Post. 12 February 2013.
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70. News: Rose. Lloyd. 'Merry Wives': A Big Belly But Few Sustained Laughs. 20 May 2013. The Washington Post. 31 March 1998.
71. News: Peter. Marks. Theater review: Peter Marks on 'The Liar' at Shakespeare Theatre Company. 27 February 2015. The Washington Post. 14 April 2010.
72. News: Marks. Peter. 'The Heir Apparent': A fine time for rhyme. 27 February 2015. The Washington Post. 13 September 2011.
73. News: Marks. Peter. It's prime-time rhyme time with 'School for Lies' at Lansburgh Theatre. 28 March 2018. The Washington Post. 8 June 2017.
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79. Web site: Patrick Stewart Stars in Race-Reversed Othello in D.C. Nov. 17. playbill.com. 5 July 2013.
80. Web site: Ray. Green. Patrick Stewart:The Veteran Shakespearean Actor Brings a "New Kind of Othello" to The Shakespeare Theatre. 5 July 2013.
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89. News: London theatre troupe to perform play on Afghan history for US military . London . The Guardian . Richard . Norton-Taylor . Richard Norton-Taylor. 9 January 2011.
90. News: 'Great Game' gets encore, with Pentagon's applause . The Washington Post . Peter . Marks . 9 January 2011.
91. News: Dowd. Maureen. Worth a Bottle of Whiskey. 18 February 2011. The New York Times. 15 February 2011.
92. Web site: The William Shakespeare Award for Classical Theatre (the Will Award): Recipients. 29 September 2021. May 2018. Shakespeare Theatre Company.
93. Web site: Harman Center for the Arts Annual Gala Monday, October 27, 2008. ShakespeareTheatre.org. 21 January 2011.
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95. News: Dame Maggie Smith Receives 'Will Award' in D.C. April 10 . 9 April 1999 . Playbill . 6 July 2017 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131206235404/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/44721-Dame-Maggie-Smith-Receives-Will-Award-in-DC-April-10 . 6 December 2013 . dmy-all .
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98. News: Goldstein. Jessica. Backstage: Rorschach and Synetic thrilled with Kickstarter campaigns. 7 August 2013. The Washington Post. 7 August 2013.
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103. Web site: Patrick Page, Diane D'Aquila Receive STC's Emery Battis Acting Awards. Broadway World. 12 January 2014.
104. Web site: 2010/2011 Annual Report. Shakespeare Theatre Company. 14 February 2013.
105. Web site: Shakespeare Theatre Company Presents The Emery Battis Award For Acting Excellence To Holly Twyford And Mark Nelson. Shakespeare Theatre Company.
106. Web site: Bianca Amato & Matthew Amendt Receive Shakespeare Theatre Company's Emery Battis Award . BroadwayWorld.com . 4 November 2014 . 9 December 2014.
107. Web site: BWW News Desk. Emery Battis Award Recipients Announced. BroadwayWorld.com. 1 January 2016.
108. January 2017. Emery Battis Award 2016. Stages Donor Update 2016–2017 Season, Issue 1.
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