| Unit Name: | Royal Wessex Yeomanry |
| Dates: | 1 April 1971 – present |
| Allegiance: |  United Kingdom |
| Type: | Yeomanry |
| Role: | Armoured Reinforcement |
| Size: | One regiment |
| Command Structure: | Royal Armoured Corps |
| Garrison: | Allenby Barracks, Bovington Camp, Dorset, England |
| Garrison Label: | Headquarters |
| March: | Slow: Scimitar Hill (Sherborne)Quick: God Bless the Prince of Wales |
| Mascot: | Ramrod Darcy III, Dorset Ram |
| Current Commander: | Lt Col Anthony Sharman |
| Ceremonial Chief: | The Duke of Edinburgh |
| Ceremonial Chief Label: | Royal Honorary Colonel |
| Colonel Of The Regiment: | Simon Hart |
| Colonel Of The Regiment Label: | Honorary Colonel |
The Royal Wessex Yeomanry is a reserve armoured regiment of the British Army Reserve consisting of five squadrons. Formerly part of 43 (Wessex) Brigade, the regiment joined 3rd Division in July 2014, to provide armoured (main battle tank) resilience to the three armoured regiments within the Reaction Force. In 2015 the regiment was moved from the operational command of 3rd Division to 1st Armoured Infantry Brigade, and later to 12th Armoured Brigade Combat Team, but members of the regiment still wear the 3rd Division formation badge to reflect their role in supporting the three armoured regiments in the division.
The regiment can trace its history back to 4 June 1794, when a meeting of country gentlemen at the Bear Inn in Devizes decided to raise a body of ten independent troops of yeomanry for the county of Wiltshire, which became the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry. The Wessex Yeomanry was formed on 1 April 1971 by re-raising cadres from the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry, the Royal Gloucestershire Hussars and the Royal Devon Yeomanry to form four squadrons. The Wessex Yeomanry was granted its royal title, becoming the Royal Wessex Yeomanry, on 8 June 1979. Initially designated as infantry, in the 1980s it was redesignated as a reconnaissance regiment and became one of the Military Home Defence Reconnaissance regiments. Following the Strategic Defence Review, the regiment merged with the Dorset Yeomanry in July 1999 and was reorganised.[1] [2]
Before the Army 2020 plan, the regiment had three roles:
Since 2013, the regiment has been the United Kingdom's only Armoured Reinforcement Regiment, providing armoured (main battle tank) resilience to the three remaining regular Army armoured regiments: the Queen's Royal Hussars (QRH), the King's Royal Hussars (KRH) and the Royal Tank Regiment (RTR). All five squadrons train Challenger 2 crewmen. The RWxY has conducted Challenger 2 driver training at Bovington, Sennelager (Germany), and Salisbury Plain Training Area, and live firing at Lulworth and Castlemartin Ranges.[4]
Each squadron maintains the traditions of its forebear regiment, maintaining a sense of pride and rivalry. In 2011, there was a Regimental Celebration of 40 years since the founding of the Royal Wessex Yeomanry, although, at this time, the Dorset Yeomanry was not part of the regiment. The Earl of Wessex, the Regimental Colonel, visited, met members of the regiment and their families and also participated in a private guided tour of the neighbouring Tank Museum.[5]
Like all of the regiments within the British Army, the regiment accepts recruits from all over the country. However, this regiment traditionally recruits from Devon, Dorset, Gloucestershire, Shropshire and Wiltshire, along with neighbouring counties such as Cornwall, Hampshire, Oxfordshire and Somerset.[6]
Each squadron keeps within its title the name of its antecedent, county, yeomanry regiment:[7]
Under the Future Soldier Programme, C and Y Squadrons will amalgamate into a single C Squadron.[8]
Unusually, B Squadron is the senior of the regiment's five squadrons. This is because the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry is the senior Yeomanry regiment in the Yeomanry Order of Precedence, having been raised in 1794. It is not designated as A Squadron (which would be the usual practice) because there was already a Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry squadron in the Royal Yeomanry with which it could be confused. In summer 2014, this Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry Squadron joined the Royal Wessex Yeomanry, becoming Y Squadron.[9]
The Earl of Wessex is the Royal Honorary Colonel of the Royal Wessex Yeomanry.[5]
The Royal Wessex Yeomanry Tactical Recognition Flash (TRF) is taken from the 74th (Yeomanry) Division, whose insignia was a broken spur in a black diamond during the First World War. It signifies that its units were once mounted but now serve as infantry. The TRF took its colour scheme from the facings of the collars and cuffs of the Royal Gloucestershire Hussars (buff), and the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry, Dorset Yeomanry and Royal Devon Yeomanry (all scarlet).[10] In 2016, the colour scheme of the TRF was changed, replacing the scarlet with blue, and the 'broken spur' replaced by a complete spur.[11]
The regiment wears a brown beret, similar to that worn by the King's Royal Hussars, with a square black patch behind the cap badge to represent the RTR affiliation. Until July 2014, each squadron wore the cap badge of its antecedent Yeomanry regiment, meaning that, unlike most other British Army regiments, the RWxY still had four cap badges.[12] On 5 July 2014 all squadrons, including Y Squadron (formerly A Squadron the Royal Yeomanry), adopted a single unifying cap badge featuring the white dragon of England.[11]
| 1922 Amalgamations | 1956 Post-War Mergers | 1971 TA Reforms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Queen's Own Dorset Yeomanry | Converted to artillery | Disbanded (1967) | A Squadron, Royal Wessex Yeomanry | ||||
| Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry (Prince of Wales's Own Royal Regiment) | Disbanded | B Squadron, Royal Wessex Yeomanry | |||||
| A Squadron, Royal Yeomanry | Y Squadron, Royal Wessex Yeomanry | ||||||
| Royal Gloucestershire Hussars | B Squadron, Wessex Volunteers | A and C Squadrons, Royal Wessex Yeomanry | C Squadron, Royal Wessex Yeomanry | ||||
| Royal 1st Devon Yeomanry | Royal Devon Yeomanry | Converted to artillery | A Squadron, Devonshire Territorials | D Squadron, Royal Wessex Yeomanry | |||
| Royal North Devon Yeomanry | |||||||
For the purposes of parading, the Regiments of the British Army are listed according to an order of precedence. This is the order in which the various corps of the army parade, from right to left, with the unit at the extreme right being the most senior.