Foundation for Economic Education explained
Foundation for Economic Education |
Type: | Educational foundation IRS 501(c)(3) tax exempt |
Tax Id: | 136006960 |
Founder: | Leonard E. Read |
Location: | Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
Area Served: | United States |
Focus: | Economics, libertarianism |
Method: | literature, lecture, conferences, online courses, multimedia, academic scholarship |
Budget: | Revenue: $5,233,293 Expenses: $5,288,134 (FYE March 2018)[1] |
The Foundation for Economic Education (FEE) is an American conservative, libertarian economic think tank.[2] [3] [4] Founded in 1946 in New York City, FEE is now headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. It is a member of the State Policy Network.[5] [6]
FEE offers publications, lectures, and student workshops promoting free market principles.[7] [8]
Views
FEE states that its mission is to promote principles of "individual liberty, free-market economics, entrepreneurship, private property, high moral character, and limited government."[9] Friedrich Hayek described FEE's goal as "nothing more nor less than the defense of our civilization against intellectual error."[10]
History
FEE, founded in 1946, is considered the oldest free-market think tank in the United States. An early aim was to roll back policies of the New Deal.[11] FEE opposed the Marshall Plan, Social Security, and minimum wages, among other American social and economic policies.
Its founding by Leonard E. Read, Henry Hazlitt, David Goodrich, Donaldson Brown, Leo Wolman, Fred Rogers Fairchild, Claude E. Robinson, and Jasper Crane followed a capital campaign started in 1945 by Crane, who was a DuPont executive, and Alfred Kohlberg. Early contributors included J. Howard Pew, Inland Steel, Quaker Oats, and Sears. As an "intellectual lighthouse", in Read's words, FEE distinguished itself from other business-supported groups by building up the intellectual framework for laissez-faire capitalism as an ideology.
Read served as president from 1946 until his death in 1983. Perry E. Gresham was an interim president in 1983. The presidency of FEE from 1983 to 1984 was held by John Sparks Sr., from 1984 to 1985 by Bob Love, from 1985 to 1988 by a series of acting presidents, then from 1988 to 1992 by Bruce Evans. After retiring from Grove City College where he taught economics, Hans Sennholz served as president from 1992 to 1997. Donald J. Boudreaux served as president from 1997 to 2001, before moving on to chair the Department of Economics at George Mason University. Economist Mark Skousen served as president from 2001 to 2002. Author and professor Richard Ebeling served as president from 2003 to 2008. From 2008 to 2019, FEE's president was economist, author, and professor Lawrence W. Reed.
Location
FEE first occupied two rooms in New York City's Equitable Building in 1946. Soon after, the organization moved to a residential property in Irvington, New York, purchased in 1946 and which served as its headquarters for the next 68 years. The Foundation sold the Irvington headquarters after the transfer of its operations to Atlanta, Georgia.
Impact
Murray Rothbard was influenced by FEE economist Baldy Harper and credited FEE with creating a "crucial open center" for a libertarian movement. Friedrich Hayek saw FEE as part of the inspiration for the formation of the Mont Pelerin Society in 1947, and FEE also provided a financial subsidy to the society. Hayek encouraged Antony Fisher to found the Institute of Economic Affairs after visiting FEE in 1952. Ludwig von Mises had a "long-term association with the Foundation for Economic Education."
According to the 2020 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report (Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program, University of Pennsylvania), FEE is number 55 in the "Top Think Tanks in the United States" (Table 7 – out of 110).[12]
Leadership
Diogo Costa became the 12th president of FEE in 2024.[13]
Lawrence W. Reed serves as FEE's President Emeritus.[14] [15] He is the author of Was Jesus a Socialist?.[16]
Jon Miltimore is the managing editor at FEE.[17] [18] Kerry McDonald, an education policy writer, serves as a FEE senior fellow.[19] [20] [21]
In 2019, Zilvinas Silenas became the president of FEE.[22] He is one of the "most quoted opinion leader[s]" in Lithuania, previously serving as president of the Lithuanian Free Market Institute and expanding its teachings within Lithuanian high schools.[23] [24] The textbook Economics In 31 Hours, co-authored by Silenas, is now read by 80 percent of high school students in Lithuania.[25] [24]
Programs
FEE offers a variety of programs for high school students, undergraduates, and graduate students. It is known for free summer seminars.[26] [27]
Since 1946, FEE has sponsored public lectures by figures including Ludwig von Mises, F.A. Hayek, Henry Hazlitt, Milton Friedman, James M. Buchanan, Vernon Smith, Walter Williams, F.A. "Baldy" Harper, and William F. Buckley Jr.
The Leonard E. Read Distinguished Alumni Award recognizes FEE alumni whom the alumni board considers to have demonstrated "an exceptional dedication to liberty." Notable recipients have included:[28]
- Matt Kibbe (2018), founder of Free the People, a non-profit organization promoting libertarian ideals[29]
- Edwin Feulner, founder and former president of The Heritage Foundation
- Venkatesh Geriti, social entrepreneur
- Jack Kemp, former vice presidential candidate
- Charles Koch, chairman of Koch Industries
- Ron Paul, author, physician, and former Congressman
- Roger Ream, president of The Fund for American Studies
- Robert Sirico, founder of Acton Institute
Publications
FEE published The Freeman magazine from 1954 to 2016. FEE was the original publisher of the essay "I, Pencil", which explored how markets coordinate the disparate activities necessary for economic cooperation.[30]
FEE publishes books, articles, and pamphlets both on paper and digitally that the foundation considers classic works on liberty. These include I, Pencil: My Family Tree by Read, The Law by Bastiat, Anything That's Peaceful by Read, Planned Chaos by Mises, Industry-Wide Bargaining by Wolman, Up from Poverty: Reflections on the Ills of Public Assistance by Sennholz, and The Virtue of Liberty by Machan.
See also
References
- News: Ashford . Nigel . FEE College Summer Seminars . https://web.archive.org/web/20120426075414/http://www.kosmosonline.org/opportunity/fee-college-summer-seminars . April 26, 2012 . Kosmos . December 22, 2011 . December 28, 2011 . Arlington, VA .
- Book: Bastiat, Frédéric. Foundation for Economic Education. The Law. Irvington, NY. 1950. 405451. 2013-07-09. https://web.archive.org/web/20131020113325/http://www.fee.org/files/doclib/20121116_TheLaw.pdf. 2013-10-20. dead.
- News: Boudreaux . Donald . A Devalued Renminbi Makes Wealthier Americans . U.S. News & World Report . Debate Club . October 13, 2011 . November 2, 2011 . New York .
- Book: Burns, Jennifer. 978-1-109-09637-8. Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right, 1930–1980. 2005.
- Book: Dochuk, Darren . W.W. Norton . 978-0-393-07927-2 . From Bible Belt to Sunbelt: Plain-Folk Religion, Grassroots Politics, and the Rise of Evangelical Conservatism . 2010-12-13 .
- Book: Dodsworth, Barbara . Foundation for Economic Education . The Foundation of Historic Irvington . Irvington, NY . 1995 .
- News: Farrell. Steve. FEE Is Expanding to Atlanta. https://web.archive.org/web/20120330183640/http://www.themoralliberal.com/2011/01/09/fee-is-expanding-to-atlanta/. March 30, 2012. The Moral Liberal. 2011. October 10, 2011.
- News: Foley . Devin . Free: Summer Liberty & Econ Seminars . Intellectual Takeout . March 16, 2010 . December 28, 2011 . Minneapolis, MN . https://web.archive.org/web/20120116072730/http://www.intellectualtakeout.org/blog/free-summer-liberty-econ-seminars . January 16, 2012 . dead .
- News: Giannotta . Marissa . Help Promote FEE Seminars to Your Campus Group! . Students For Liberty . December 8, 2011 . December 28, 2011 . Washington, DC . https://web.archive.org/web/20120128055457/http://studentsforliberty.org/news/help-promote-fee-seminars-to-your-campus-group/ . January 28, 2012 . dead .
- Book: Gordon, David . Strictly Confidential: The Private Volker Fund Memos of Murray N. Rothbard . Ludwig von Mises Institute . 2010 . Auburn, AL . ix, 14–19 . 978-1-933550-80-0 .
- Book: Ronald . Hamowy . Ronald Hamowy . The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism . 2008 . . Thousand Oaks, CA . 10.4135/9781412965811 . 978-1-4129-6580-4 . 750831024 . 2008009151 . 62, 217, 221, 335, 416, 417 .
- Hazlitt. Henry. The Early History of FEE. The Freeman. May 1, 2006. March 1984. The original officers were David M. Goodrich, chairman of the Board (he was then also chairman of the board of the B.F. Goodrich Company); Leonard Read, president; myself, vice-president; Fred R. Fairchild, professor of economics at Yale University, secretary; and Claude Robinson, president of the Opinion Research Institute, treasurer. [The] sixteen [original] trustees ... included H.W. Luhnow, president of William Volker & Company; A.C. Mattei, president of Honolulu Oil Corporation; William A. Paton of the University of Michigan; Charles White, president of the Republic Steel Corporation; Leo Wolman, professor of economics at Columbia; Donaldson Brown, former vice-president of General Motors; Jasper Crane, former vice-president of Du Pont; B.E. Hutchinson, chairman of the finance committee of Chrysler Corporation; Bill Matthews, publisher of the Arizona Star; W.C. Mullendore, president of the Southern California Edison Company..
- Book: Heller, Anne C. . Random House Digital . 978-0-385-52946-4 . Ayn Rand and the World She Made . 2009 .
- —— . Internal Revenue Service . 2012 . Exempt Organizations Select Check . Internal Revenue Service . Washington, DC .
- Book: Lichtman, Allan J . White Protestant Nation: The Rise of the American Conservative Movement . Grove Press . 2008 . New York . 160, 171, 173, 206 . 978-0-8021-4420-1.
- Book: Machan, Tibor. Foundation for Economic Education. 978-0-910614-93-1. The Virtue of Liberty. Irvington, NY. 1994 . 717721529 .
- Book: Philip . The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective . Harvard University Press . Plehwe . Dieter . Mirowski . 2009 . Cambridge, MA . 15, 19, 21, 53, 156, 190, 196, 243, 281, 284, 293, 387, 397, 410 . 978-0-674-03318-4.
- Book: Mises, Ludwig von. Foundation for Economic Education. Planned Chaos. Irvington, NY. 1947 . 978-0-910-61400-9 . 782168388 .
- An Inside Look at the Foundation for Economic Education FEE . September 28, 2009 . Olson . Wayne . Pete Eyre . Motorhome Diaires . Irvington, NY.
- News: Olson. Wayne. 2. Strategic Notes from FEE—Bricks & Mortar. December 3, 2014. FEE. May 1, 2014.
- News: Olson. Wayne. 2. Passing the Torch: From the Freeman to FEE.org. October 18, 2016. FEE. September 1, 2016.
- Book: Phillips-Fein, Kim . Invisible Hands: The Making of the Conservative Movement from the New Deal to Reagan . W.W. Norton . 2009 . New York . ii, 27, 52, 60, 86, 101, 115, 116, 124, 149, 167, 265, 270, 285, 286 . 978-0-393-05930-4 . registration .
- Book: Plehwe, Dieter . Neoliberal Hegemony: A Global Critique . Taylor & Francis . 2006 . London . 31, 48, 49 . 978-0-415-37327-2 .
- Book: Read, Leonard E.. Foundation for Economic Education. Anything That's Peaceful. Irvington, NY. 1998 . 2 . 978-1-572460-79-9 . 40829866.
- Book: Read, Leonard E.. Foundation for Economic Education. I, Pencil: My Family Tree. ——. Irvington, NY. 1958. 978-1-572462-09-0. 271625357.
- Book: Rothbard, Murray N. . Ludwig von Mises Institute . 978-0-945466-46-8 . Making Economic Sense . 2006 .
- Book: Schneider, Gregory L . The Conservative Century: From Reaction to Revolution . Rowman & Littlefield . 2009 . Lanham, MD . 47 . 978-0-7425-4284-6.
- Book: Sennholz, Hans. Foundation for Economic Education. 978-1-57246-060-7. Up from Poverty. Irvington, NY. 1997 . 36854072 .
- Book: Sennholz, Mary . 185 . Leonard E. Read, Philosopher of Freedom . Foundation for Economic Education . 1993 . 978-0-910614-85-6.
- Book: Shiflett, Orvin Lee. McFarland. 978-0-7864-9981-6. William Terry Couch and the Politics of Academic Publishing: An Editor's Career as Lightning Rod for Controversy. 2015.
- Book: Skousen, Mark. Routledge. 978-1-317-45586-8. The Making of Modern Economics: The Lives and Ideas of Great Thinkers. 2015.
- Smith . Vernon L. . Human Betterment Through Globalization . July 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151117215732/https://www.heartland.org/sites/all/modules/custom/heartland_migration/files/pdfs/20048.pdf . dead . November 17, 2015 .
- Book: Irvington . Arcadia . Judith D. . Spikes . Anne M. . Leone . 2009 . Charleston, SC . 96 . 978-0-7385-6519-4 . 317925879 .
- Book: Vaughn, Karen I.. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-63765-7. Austrian Economics in America: The Migration of a Tradition. 1998.
- Book: Wilcox, Derk A. . The Right Guide: A Guide to Conservative, Free-Market, and Right-of-Center Organizations . Economics America . 2000 . Ann Arbor, MI . 151 . 978-0-914169-06-2.
- Book: White, Lawrence H.. Cambridge University Press. 978-1-107-37877-3. The Clash of Economic Ideas: The Great Policy Debates and Experiments of the Last Hundred Years. 2012.
- Williams . Walter E. . 2006 Adam Smith Award Recipient Addresses . July 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151117215732/https://www.heartland.org/sites/all/modules/custom/heartland_migration/files/pdfs/20048.pdf . dead . November 17, 2015 .
- Book: Wolman, Leo. Foundation for Economic Education. Industry-Wide Bargaining. Irvington, NY. 1948. 785021186.
Notes and References
- Web site: Foundation for Economic Education . Candid . 13 January 2020.
- "From the Mont Pelerin Society to the National Review, from Spiritual Mobilization to the American Enterprise Association, from the Foundation for Economic Education to the Manion Forum, they produced the ideas, popularized the language, and built the support for conservative economic politics at the very height of postwar liberalism."
- "He made substantial contributions to Plain Talk, the Freeman, Spiritual Mobilization, the Intercollegiate Society of Individuals, the Foundation for Economic Education, and other conservative groups."
- Book: Dochuk, Darren. From Bible Belt to Sunbelt : plain-folk religion, grassroots politics, and the rise of evangelical conservatism. 2011. 978-0-393-07927-2. New York. 117. 916030027. "A year later, with the help of a few high-powered executives and intellectual conservatives, he established the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE), in Irvington-on-Hudson, with the goal of reeducating Americans in classical liberalism.".
- Web site: Foundation for Economic Education. 2021-06-22. State Policy Network. en.
- Web site: Foundation for Economic Education . Devex.
- Web site: Staff . 2011-03-19 . FEE (Foundation for Economic Education) to offer free summer seminars . 2022-06-09 . Libertarian Party . en-US.
- Web site: McMahon . Lauren . Foundation for Economic Education . 2022-06-09 . Future Business Leaders Of America-Phi Beta Lambda . en-US.
- Web site: 2018-01-11. About FEE. 2021-06-22. fee.org. en.
- Web site: Hayek . F.A. . The Defense of Our Civilization Against Intellectual Error . 2022-06-17 . Contemporary Thinkers . en-US.
- Carter. Zachary D.. June 17, 2021. The End of Friedmanomics. The New Republic. 2021-07-26. 0028-6583.
- Web site: James G. McGann (Director). James McGann. 2020 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report. January 28, 2021. October 25, 2021. 93.
- Web site: February 21, 2024 . Diogo Costa Named 12th President of the Foundation for Economic Education . Foundation for Economic Education . en.
- Web site: Lawrence Reed . 2022-06-15 . Acton University . en.
- Web site: Lawrence W. Reed . 2022-06-15 . Intercollegiate Studies Institute . en-US.
- Web site: Forbes . Steve . Was Jesus A Socialist? A Conversation With Lawrence W. Reed . 2022-06-15 . Forbes . en.
- Web site: 2015-08-07 . Jon Miltimore People . 2022-08-30 . fee.org . en.
- Web site: Jon Miltimore AIER . 2022-08-30 . www.aier.org . en-US.
- Web site: Kerry McDonald C-SPAN.org . 2022-08-30 . www.c-span.org.
- Web site: Kerry McDonald . 2022-08-30 . www.wbur.org . en.
- Web site: Foundation for Economic Education: Harvard Study says an Epidemic of Loneliness is Spreading . 2022-08-30 . Making Caring Common . en-US.
- Web site: March 4, 2019 . Zilvinas Silenas Named 11th President of the Foundation for Economic Education . Foundation for Economic Education . en.
- Web site: 2019-03-08 . LFMI Salutes Departing President Žilvinas Šilėnas as He Is to Lead Foundation for Economic Education . 2022-06-15 . 4Liberty.eu . en-US.
- Web site: 2019-08-23 . Zilvinas Silenas on what it was like to live in socialist USSR . 2022-07-07 . Independent Women's Forum . en.
- Web site: Restart21: Economic education: Lithuania shares its success factors . 2022-07-07 . www.freiheit.org . 22 June 2021 . en.
- Web site: Staff . 2011-03-19 . FEE (Foundation for Economic Education) to offer free summer seminars . 2022-06-15 . Libertarian Party . en-US.
- Web site: Austrian Economics . 2022-06-15 . econfaculty.gmu.edu.
- Web site: Alumni Spotlight . 26 January 2023 . Foundation for Economic Education.
- Web site: 20 June 2018. Congratulations to Matt Kibbe: 2018 Leonard E. Read Distinguished Alumni Award Winner. 17 December 2019. Foundation for Economic Education.
- Web site: Meet the New President of the Foundation for Economic Education, America's Oldest Free Market Think Tank . 2022-07-27 . Reason.com . 4 July 2019 . en-US.