The Enigma is the largest polished black diamond in the world,[1] containing 55 facets and weighing 555.55 carats (111.11 grams).
It was commissioned and inspired by Belgian Ran Gorenstein, president of the international fintech company RGM Global Ventures, and completed in June 2004 after several years of cutting and faceting. The repetitive use of the number five in the gem's design is derived from the hamsa, a palm-shaped amulet popular among Muslims and Jews in the Middle East and North Africa.
The Enigma is a semi-transparent carbonado with a dark brown color. Typically referred to as black diamonds, carbonados are often reserved for industrial uses. Larger specimens are considered collectors’ stones; most gem-quality stones used in contemporary jewelry design have been treated to produce the black color. A natural black diamond of this size is extremely rare.
The Enigma's origin is uncertain, but it is believed to be either result from a meteoric impact or be part of an asteroid that struck Earth.[2]
In February 2022, it was sold for £3.16 million by Sotheby's to an undisclosed buyer, later revealed as Richard Heart,[3] founder of the cryptocurrency Hex. Heart is a controversial figure; while some see him as a successful entrepreneur—having mined Bitcoin when it was priced at $0.50 and reportedly owning previous businesses making tens of millions in profit each year —others view him with skepticism. In July 2023 the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission charged Heart with fraud[4] and illegally raising more than $1 billion in unregistered cryptocurrency. However, Heart’s representatives have stated that luxury goods purchases, including The Enigma diamond, were financed using his personal funds, not the raised capital. Heart has also produced the documentary Highest of Stakes, available on Prime Video.
On taking ownership of the diamond in August 2023, Heart planned to rename it "HEX.com diamond".[5] [6]