| Unit Name: | The Carleton and York Regiment |
| Dates: | 1869-1954 |
| Country: | Canada |
| Branch: |
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| Type: | Line Infantry |
| Role: | Infantry |
| Size: | One Regiment |
| Command Structure: |
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| Garrison: | St. Stephen, New Brunswick |
| Battles: | |
| Battle Honours: | See
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The Carleton and York Regiment was an infantry regiment of the Non-Permanent Active Militia of the Canadian Militia (now the Canadian Army). In 1954, the regiment was amalgamated with The New Brunswick Scottish and The North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment to form the two battalions of The New Brunswick Regiment (later renamed as The Royal New Brunswick Regiment).[1] [2] [3] [4]
See main article: articles and The Carleton Light Infantry.
See main article: articles and The York Regiment.
As a result of the 1936 Canadian Militia reorganization, The Carleton and York Regiment was formed in St. Stephen by the amalgamation of The Carleton Light Infantry and The York Regiment.[6]
On 1 September 1939, The Carleton and York Regiment mobilized The Carleton and York Regiment, CASF for active service. The battalion was later on 7 November 1940, redesignated as the 1st Battalion, The Carleton and York Regiment, CASF and on 9 December 1939, the battalion Embarked for Great Britain as part of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Brigade, 1st Canadian Infantry Division.
After serving in the UK on anti-invasion duties, on 10 July 1943, the battalion landed in Sicily as part of Operation Husky where it fought for 38 days. The battalion would then on 3 September 1943, take part in the invasion of Italy and would serve with the rest of the I Canadian Corps in the Italian Campaign.
On 16 March 1945, the battalion along with the rest of the I Canadian Corps moved to North-West Europe as part of Operation Goldflake, and where upon arrival, the battalion fought until the end of the war.
On 30 September 1945, the overseas battalion of The Carleton and York Regiment was disbanded.
On 1 June 1945, a second CASF component of the regiment was mobilized for service in the Pacific theatre of operations with the re-raised 6th Canadian Infantry Division (Canadian Army Pacific Force) for service as part of the proposed Commonwealth Corps for the planned Invasion of Japan. This unit was designated as the 2nd Canadian Infantry Battalion, (The Carleton and York Regiment), CASF. On 1 November 1945, the battalion was disbanded.
On 4 May 1951, The Carleton and York Regiment mobilized two temporary Active Force / Regular Force companies designated "E" and "F" Companies respectively.
"E" Company was reduced to nil strength upon its personnel being incorporated into the 1st Canadian Infantry Battalion (later the 3rd Battalion, The Canadian Guards) for service in Germany with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization as part of the 27th Canadian Infantry Brigade. On 29 July 1953, the company was disbanded.
"F" Company was initially used as a reinforcement pool for "E" Company. On 15 May 1952, the company was reduced to nil strength, upon its personnel being absorbed by the newly formed 2nd Canadian Infantry Battalion (later the 4th Battalion, The Canadian Guards) for service in Korea with the United Nations as part of the 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade. On 29 July 1953, the company was disbanded.
As a result of the Kennedy Report on the Reserve Army, on 31 October 1954, The Carleton and York Regiment was amalgamated along with The New Brunswick Scottish and The North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment to form The New Brunswick Regiment (later redesignated as The Royal New Brunswick Regiment). The Carleton and York Regiment along with The New Brunswick Scottish would form the 1st Battalion, The New Brunswick Regiment (Carleton and York) and The North Shore (New Brunswick) Regiment would form the 2nd Battalion, The New Brunswick Regiment (North Shore) from 1954 until 2012 when it was reorganized once again as a separate infantry regiment.[7]