Ayn Rand Institute Explained

Ayn Rand Institute
Focus:promote ideas related to Ayn Rand's philosophy
Type:Research and education organization
Status:501(c)(3) public charity
Tax Id:22-2570926
Headquarters:Santa Ana, California, U.S.[1]
Leader Title:CEO
Leader Name:Tal Tsfany
Website:ari.aynrand.org

The Ayn Rand Institute: The Center for the Advancement of Objectivism, commonly known as the Ayn Rand Institute (ARI), is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit think tank in Santa Ana, California, that promotes Objectivism, the philosophy developed by Ayn Rand. The organization was established in 1985, three years after Rand's death, by businessman Ed Snider and Leonard Peikoff, Rand's legal heir.

Ideas promoted by the Ayn Rand Institute include atheism, capitalism, and individual rights. The ARI has supported the American Tea Party movement and opposed the United States' wars against Afghanistan and Iraq.[2] A critic of government spending, the organization took a federal loan of between $350,000 and $1 million in 2020 under the Paycheck Protection Program.[3] [4] [5]

The institute's stated goal is to "create a culture whose guiding principles are reason, rational self-interest, individualism and laissez-faire capitalism."[6] ARI has several educational and outreach programs, which include providing intellectuals for public appearances, supporting Objectivist campus clubs, supplying Rand's writings to schools and professors, assisting overseas Objectivist institutions, organizing annual conferences and running the Objectivist Academic Center.[7] [8]

History

Peikoff, her legal heir, was convinced to found the Ayn Rand Institute after businessman Ed Snider organized a meeting of possible financial supporters in New York in the fall of 1983.[9] Peikoff then agreed to be the first chairman of the organization's board of directors.[10]

In 1983, a group of Objectivists, including George Reisman, organized the Jefferson School of Philosophy, Economics and Politics. The Jefferson School held a two-week-long conference at the University of California, San Diego later that year, a conference which continued to occur every two years and is the predecessor of ARI's current annual Objectivist Conference.

ARI began operations on February 1, 1985, three years after Rand's death, in Marina del Rey, California. The first board of directors included Snider and psychologist Edith Packer. Snider was also one of the founding donors for the organization along with educational entrepreneur Carl Barney.[10] Its first executive director was Michael Berliner, who was previously the chairman of the Department of Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education at California State University, Northridge. ARI also established a board of governors, which initially included Harry Binswanger, Robert Hessen, Edwin Locke, Arthur Mode, George Reisman, Jay Snider, and Mary Ann Sures, with Peter Schwartz as its chairman.[11] M. Northrup Buechner and George Walsh joined the board of advisors shortly thereafter.[12]

ARI's first two projects were aimed at students. One was developing a network of college clubs to study Objectivism. The other was a college scholarship contest for high-school students based on writing an essay about Rand's novel The Fountainhead.[12] Later, additional essay contests were added based on Anthem,[13] We the Living and Atlas Shrugged.[14] [15] In 1988, ARI began publishing Impact, a newsletter for contributors.[16]

In 1989, a philosophical dispute resulted in ARI ending its association with philosopher David Kelley.[17] Some members of the board of advisors agreed with Kelley and also left, including George Walsh.[18] Kelley subsequently founded his own competing institute now known as The Atlas Society, which remains critical of ARI's stance on strict loyalty to Rand's principles.[19]

In 1994, ARI launched the Objectivist Graduate Center, which offered both distance-learning and in-person courses.[20]

In January 2000, Berliner retired as executive director, replaced by Yaron Brook,[7] then an assistant professor of finance at Santa Clara University. Onkar Ghate began working for ARI later that year and ARI launched the Objectivist Academic Center.[20]

In 2002, ARI moved from Marina del Rey to larger offices in Irvine, California.[21] In 2003, ARI launched the Anthem Fellowship for the Study of Objectivism, a fellowship that financially supports universities who have Objectivist professors.

Charity Navigator, which rates charitable and educational organizations to inform potential donors, gives ARI two out of four stars in 2020.[22], ARI's board of directors consists of Brook; Tsfany; Harry Binswanger, philosopher and long-time associate of Rand; Tara Smith, professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin;[23] and John Allison, board member and former CEO of the Cato Institute and former CEO of BB&T.;[24] Larry Salzman of the Pacific Legal Foundation; Tim Blum, a Chicago real-estate developer; Robert Mayhew, professor of philosophy at Seton Hall University; Jim Brown, CFA; Onkar Ghate, Chief Philosophy Officer of the institute.

Peikoff retains a cooperative and influential relationship with ARI.[25] In 2006, he remarked that he approved of the work ARI has done[26] and in November 2010 that the executive director "has done a splendid job".[27] Peikoff was a featured speaker at the 2007 and 2010 Objectivist Conferences.[28] In August 2010, he demanded a change to ARI's board of directors, resulting in the resignation of John McCaskey.[29]

A central goal for ARI throughout the 2010s has been to spread Objectivism globally. ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Center Israel in 2012, the Ayn Rand Institute Europe in 2015 [30] and the Ayn Rand Center Japan in 2017. Each of these organizations are separate legal entities from the United States-based ARI, but they are all affiliated with ARI.

In January 2017, ARI announced Jim Brown as its CEO, succeeding Yaron Brook as its operational executive.[31] In June 2018, Tal Tsfany, co-founder of the Ayn Rand Center Israel, took over as the president and CEO of ARI.[32]

In 2020, ARI received a Paycheck Protection Program loan of between $350K and $1 million,[33] [34] [35] which Binswanger and Ghate described as "partial restitution for government-inflicted losses".[36] The decision was criticized due to the incongruity of some organizations previously opposed to federal spending receiving the funds during the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting economic impact on small businesses.

Programs

ARI runs a variety of programs, many of which are aimed at students. It sends free books to schools,[7] sponsors student essay contests and campus clubs and offers financial assistance to students applying to graduate school.[8] [15] It also has an online bookstore, offers internships for current and recently graduated college students and provides speakers[7] for public lectures and media appearances.[37]

Ideas promoted

ARI promotes Objectivism, the philosophy developed by Ayn Rand. ARI sponsors writers and speakers who apply Objectivism to contemporary issues, including philosophy, politics and art.[38]

Since Objectivism advocates atheism, ARI promotes the separation of church and state and its writers argue that the religious right poses a threat to individual rights. They have argued against displaying religious symbols such as the Ten Commandments in government facilities[39] and against faith-based initiatives.[40] ARI intellectuals argue that religion is incompatible with American ideals[41] and opposes the teaching of "intelligent design" in public schools.[42]

ARI is strongly supportive of free speech and opposes all forms of censorship, including laws that ban obscenity and hate speech.[43] [44] In response to the Muhammad cartoons controversy, ARI started a Free Speech Campaign in 2006.[45] Steve Simpson, formerly director of legal studies at ARI, has argued that campaign finance is a free speech issue and that laws that limit it are a violation of the First Amendment. Accordingly, Simpson and ARI strongly supports Citizens United.[46] [47]

ARI holds that the motivation for Islamic terrorism comes from their religiosity, not poverty or a reaction to Western policies.[48] They have urged that the United States use overwhelming, retaliatory force to "end states who sponsor terrorism", using whatever means are necessary to end the threat.[49] In his article "End States Who Sponsor Terrorism", which was published as a full page ad in The New York Times, Peikoff wrote: "The choice today is mass death in the United States or mass death in the terrorist nations. Our Commander-In-Chief must decide whether it is his duty to save Americans or the governments who conspire to kill them." Although some at ARI initially supported the invasion of Iraq, it has criticized how the Iraq War was handled.[50] Since October 2, 2001, ARI has held that Iran should be the primary target in the war against "Islamic totalitarianism".[49]

ARI is generally supportive of Israel.[51] Of Zionism, Yaron Brook writes: "Zionism fused a valid concern – self-preservation amid a storm of hostility – with a toxic premise – ethnically based collectivism and religion."[52] ARI is highly critical of environmentalism and animal rights, arguing that they are destructive to human well-being.[53] [54] ARI is also highly critical of diversity and affirmative action programs as well as multiculturalism, arguing that they are based on racist premises that ignore the commonality of a shared humanity.[55] [56] ARI supports women's right to choose abortion,[57] voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide.[58]

ARI denounces neoconservatism in general. For example, C. Bradley Thompson wrote an article entitled "The Decline and Fall of American Conservatism",[59] which was later turned with Yaron Brook into a book called Neoconservatism: An Obituary for an Idea.[60]

Programs and activism

In October 2012, ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Center Israel (ARCI) to promote Objectivism in Israel and the Middle East.[61] Its current director is Boaz Arad. In 2016, ARCI launched the Atlas Award for the Best Israeli Start-up, presented annually at the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange.[62] Judges for the award include Yaron Brook and Shlomo Kalish.[63] Moovit was the first recipient of the award in 2016 and Zebra Medical Vision won the award in 2017.

The Jewish Chronicle and the Jerusalem Post described ARI as a right-wing organization.[64]

In April 2015, ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Institute Europe to promote Objectivism in Europe.[65] The current chairman of ARI Europe is Lars Seir Christensen, CEO and co-founder of Saxo Bank. In February 2017, ARI helped establish the Ayn Rand Center Japan.[66] ARI has also helped guide the independent Spain-based Objetivismo Internacional, which seeks to spread Objectivism in the Spanish-speaking world.[67]

The Atlas Award

The stated goal of the Ayn Rand Institute Atlas Award is to encourage entrepreneurship. The institute states it is awarded to honour the most innovative entrepreneur who through wealth building and life enhancing enterprise ambition uses their technological developments to make the "world a better place" which reflects the essence of Ayn Rand's philosophy connecting these values "to one of the best parts of the Israeli economy".[61] [68] CEO of Moovit Nir Erez, the recipient of the award in 2016, sought to distance himself from controversial politics surrounding the Institute and award, stating “We are purely trying to focus on transportation and moving, not on political issues. On the contrary, we would like to be as apolitical as possible.”

Recipients include:

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Contact Us . Ayn Rand Institute . October 6, 2019 . October 6, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191006041155/https://ari.aynrand.org/contact-us/ . live .
  2. News: Carroll . Rory . 2012-08-17 . Ayn Rand Institute finds dilemma in radical author's evolving legacy . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-10-18 . 0261-3077.
  3. Web site: Solender . Andrew . Vocal Opponents Of Federal Spending Took PPP Loans, Including Ayn Rand Institute, Grover Norquist Group . 2023-10-18 . Forbes . en.
  4. News: 2020-07-07 . Follow the Money . en-US . The New York Times . 2023-10-18 . 0362-4331.
  5. Web site: 2023-04-08 . Libertarians among us: The groups pushing Libertarian ideology in Israel . 2023-10-18 . . en-US.
  6. Web site: Lacy . Akela . 2021-12-21 . Right-Wing Groups Opposed to Government Aid Cashed In While Collecting PPP Loans . 2023-10-18 . . en-US.
  7. News: OC's 'rationally-selfish' Ayn Rand Institute thrives despite recession . Register Staff Writer . Sforza . Teri . 10 June 2022 . Orange County Register . https://web.archive.org/web/20220610174234/https://www.ocregister.com/2009/10/05/ocs-rationally-selfish-ayn-rand-institute-thrives-despite-recession/ . 10 June 2022.
  8. Web site: August 17, 2009 . Overview . https://web.archive.org/web/20140129170819/http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=about_ari . January 29, 2014 . December 19, 2007 . Ayn Rand Institute.
  9. Book: Merrill, Ronald E. . Ayn Rand Explained: From Tyranny to Tea Party . Chicago . Open Court . 2013 . 978-0-8126-9798-8 . 32.
  10. Announcements . . December 1984 . 5 . 6 . 13–15.
  11. Announcements . . February 1985 . 6 . 1 . 13.
  12. Report from the Ayn Rand Institute . . Berliner . Michael S. . October 1985 . 6 . 5 . 14–15.
  13. News: Mills . Andrea . Young essay writers are latest success story for Portola class . 10 June 2022 . Orange County Register . Southern California News Group . 8 September 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171212032837/http://www.ocregister.com/2014/09/08/young-essay-writers-are-latest-success-story-for-portola-class/ . 12 December 2017 . California . Andrea Badillo, left, and Vanessa Flores, with their eighth-grade English teacher Michael Boucher, show their Ayn Rand Institute "Anthem" essay competition certificates..
  14. News: Chandler . Michael Alison . Students look for scholarships in some unusual places. . The Washington Post . 1 April 2014 . . Gale General OneFile . The Klingon Language Institute has a scholarship for students pursuing language study, earthly or alien; the United States Bowling Congress gives grants to promising young bowlers; and the Ayn Rand Institute rewards essay writers who are adept at deconstructing her novels, such as "The Fountainhead" and "Atlas Shrugged.".
  15. Web site: Essay Contests . Ayn Rand Institute . August 22, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110726101146/http://aynrandeducation.com/essay-contests/ . July 26, 2011 .
  16. Announcements . . December 1987 . 8 . 6 . 14.
  17. Book: Kelley, David . The Contested Legacy of Ayn Rand: Truth and Toleration in Objectivism . New Brunswick, New Jersey . Transaction Publishers . 2000 . 0-7658-0863-3 . paperback . 44727861 . 15.
  18. A Statement . The Intellectual Activist . November 17, 1989 . 5 . 3 . George . Walsh . 5.
  19. Web site: TAS vs. ARI: A Question of Objectivity and Independence . William R. . Thomas . The Atlas Society . May 25, 2012 . May 16, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120516162816/http://www.atlassociety.org/ayn_rand_institute_vs_atlas_society . live .
  20. Web site: The Ayn Rand Institute's First Thirty Years (OCON 2015) . . December 5, 2017 . May 24, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190524171704/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cbWgESQV9Eo&gl=US&hl=en . live .
  21. News: Ayn Rand Institute to Move to Orange County . Vivian . Letran . June 7, 2002 . Los Angeles Times . August 18, 2009 . October 16, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121016032049/http://articles.latimes.com/2002/jun/07/local/me-rand7 . live .
  22. Web site: Charity Navigator Rating – The Ayn Rand Institute . Charity Navigator . June 10, 2022 .
  23. Web site: Tara A. Smith . October 13, 2012 . October 20, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121020081319/http://www.utexas.edu/cola/depts/philosophy/faculty/smithta . live .
  24. News: Koch brothers, Cato Institute announce terms of settlement . June 28, 2012 . The Washington Post . Allen . McDuffee . June 26, 2012 . June 27, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120627151826/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/think-tanked/post/koch-brothers-cato-institute-announce-terms-of-settlement/2012/06/25/gJQAQEJJ2V_blog.html . live .
  25. Web site: Yaron . Brook . The Ayn Rand Institute: A Statement from ARI about the Resignation of John McCaskey from Our Board of Directors . October 7, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111018112415/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=26109 . October 18, 2011 .
  26. Peikoff, Leonard . 2004 . Leonard Peikoff: In His Own Words . DVD . Northern River Productions . 0-9734653-2-8.
  27. Web site: Peikoff vs. an ARI Board Member . Leonard . Peikoff . November 5, 2010 . December 18, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101218162420/http://www.peikoff.com/peikoff-vs-an-ari-board-member/.
  28. Web site: Objectivist Conferences . July 15, 2021 . October 23, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171023192907/http://www.objectivistconferences.com/ . live .
  29. Web site: My resignation from the Board of Directors of the Ayn Rand Institute and of the Anthem Foundation for Objectivist Scholarship . John P. . McCaskey . September 3, 2010 . May 24, 2013 . June 28, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130628075543/http://www.johnmccaskey.com/joomla/index.php/resignation . live .
  30. Web site: Adam Smith Institute announcement on the founding of ARI Europe . June 4, 2019 . June 4, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190604073857/https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/philosophy/the-ayn-rand-institute-europe/ . live .
  31. Web site: Jim Brown, new Ayn Rand Institute CEO: 'Culture and society out there can look pretty irrational. Just look at the last election' . Holleran, Scott . . February 17, 2017 . July 14, 2017 . August 5, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170805101106/http://www.latimes.com/socal/daily-pilot/entertainment/tn-wknd-et-0219-ayn-rand-institute-20170218-story.html . live .
  32. Web site: Tal Tsfany: Next President and CEO of the Ayn Rand Institute . Biddle, Craig . TheObjectiveStandard.com . March 28, 2018 . April 5, 2018 . April 5, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180405214502/https://www.theobjectivestandard.com/2018/03/tal-tsfany-next-president-and-ceo-of-the-ayn-rand-institute/ . live .
  33. News: Hirsch . Lauren . Pramuck . Jacob . 6 July 2020 . Trump administration releases list of companies that received most money from small business bailout loans . CNBC . Comcast . 19 July 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200712090807/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/06/coronavirus-stimulus-list-of-ppp-small-business-loan-recipients-released.html . 12 July 2020.
  34. Coster, Helen. (July 7, 2020). In sign of the times, Ayn Rand Institute approved for PPP loan. Reuters. .
  35. Web site: Solender. Andrew. Vocal Opponents Of Federal Spending Took PPP Loans, Including Ayn Rand Institute, Grover Norquist Group. July 13, 2020. Forbes. en. July 8, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200708065134/https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewsolender/2020/07/06/vocal-opponents-of-federal-spending-took-ppp-loans-including-ayn-rand-institute-grover-norquist-group/. live.
  36. Web site: To Take or Not to Take . Harry . Binswanger . Onkar . Ghate . New Ideal . May 15, 2020 . July 6, 2020 . July 6, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200706225046/https://newideal.aynrand.org/to-take-or-not-to-take/ . live .
  37. Web site: Student Clubs . Ayn Rand Institute . August 17, 2009 . December 20, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140220193832/http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=education_campus_index . February 20, 2014 .
  38. Web site: Ayn Rand Center: Op-Eds . August 9, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120829014450/http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=commentary_type_op_eds . August 29, 2012 .
  39. Web site: The Ten Commandments vs. America . Harry . Binswanger . Ayn Rand Institute . October 25, 2004 . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091001052536/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=10889 . October 1, 2009 .
  40. Web site: Faith-Based Initiatives Are an Assault on Secular Government . Alex . Epstein . Ayn Rand Institute . February 4, 2003 . August 17, 2009 . September 28, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090928083542/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=7475 . live .
  41. Web site: Religion vs. America . Leonard . Peikoff . November 11, 2002 . Ayn Rand Institute . August 18, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090928080820/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5360 . September 28, 2009 . Reprint of a speech delivered by Peikoff at the Ford Hall Forum in 1986.
  42. Web site: "Intelligent Design" Is about Religion versus Reason . Keith . Lockitch . Ayn Rand Institute . December 11, 2005 . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110525234708/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?news_iv_ctrl=-1&page=NewsArticle&id=11555 . May 25, 2011 .
  43. Web site: Free Speech Can't Become a "Conservative" Value . Driver, Eve . HarvardPolitics.com . November 29, 2017 . December 1, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042235/http://harvardpolitics.com/harvard/free-speech-conservative-value/ . live .
  44. Web site: Charlie Hebdo two years later: Will America continue to protect free speech? . Simpson, Steve . TheHill.com . January 7, 2017 . November 29, 2017 . December 1, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042718/http://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/civil-rights/313161-carlie-hebdo-two-years-later-will-america-continue-to-protect . live .
  45. Highlights from the first 25 years . The Ayn Rand Institute . Impact . February 2010 . 16 . 2 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131112025257/http://www.aynrand.org/site/DocServer/impact_201002.pdf . November 12, 2013 .
  46. Web site: Overturning Citizens United would be a disaster for free speech . Simpson, Steve . TheHill.com . September 6, 2016 . November 29, 2017 . December 1, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040046/http://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/campaign/294665-overturning-citizens-united-would-be-a-disaster-for-free-speech . live .
  47. News: Stephen Colbert's Free Speech Problem . Simpson, Steve . Sherman, Paul . Wall Street Journal . May 19, 2011 . November 29, 2017 . December 1, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040007/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703421204576329642637361406 . live .
  48. Web site: The Terrorists' Motivation: Islam . Alex . Epstein . July 26, 2005 . Ayn Rand Institute . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110525235920/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=13279&news_iv_ctrl=1064 . May 25, 2011 .
  49. Web site: End States Who Sponsor Terrorism . October 2, 2001 . Leonard . Peikoff . Ayn Rand Institute . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100625223113/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?news_iv_ctrl=-1&page=NewsArticle&id=5207 . June 25, 2010 .
  50. Web site: What We Owe Our Soldiers . Alex . Epstein . May 28, 2006 . Ayn Rand Institute . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110525234718/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=13587&news_iv_ctrl=1021 . May 25, 2011 .
  51. Web site: We Are Either With Israel, Or We Are With the Terrorists . Robert . Tracinski . April 1, 2002 . Ayn Rand Institute . August 18, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091001052328/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5171. October 1, 2009.
  52. News: You don't fight a tactic . Jerusalem Post Online Edition . Orit . Arfa . July 12, 2007 . August 18, 2009.
  53. Web site: Man vs. Nature . Peter . Schwartz . April 23, 1999 . Ayn Rand Institute . August 18, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081219110033/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5200 . December 19, 2008 .
  54. Web site: Animal 'Rights' and the New Man Haters . Edwin . Locke . Ayn Rand Institute . August 18, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090114141221/http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=objectivism_animal_rights . January 14, 2009 .
  55. Web site: Multiculturalism: The New Racism . Ayn Rand Institute . August 18, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090926072601/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=7126 . September 26, 2009 .
  56. Web site: Racism and Diversity . Ayn Rand Institute . August 18, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090114141216/http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=media_topic_racism_and_diversity . January 14, 2009 .
  57. Web site: Supreme Court Should Protect Right to Abortion in Current Partial-Birth Case . Glenn . Woiceshyn . April 24, 2000 . Capitalism Magazine . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100114143925/http://capmag.com/article.asp?ID=2406 . January 14, 2010 .
  58. Web site: A Culture of Living Death . Alex . Epstein . April 1, 2005 . Ayn Rand Institute . August 17, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090926035422/http://www.aynrand.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=10953 . September 26, 2009 .
  59. The Decline and Fall of American Conservatism . C. Bradley . Thompson . The Objective Standard . Fall 2006 . 1 . 3 . February 22, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131112031254/http://www.theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2006-fall/decline-fall-american-conservatism.asp . November 12, 2013 .
  60. Neoconservatism: An Obituary for an Idea by C. Bradley Thompson with Yaron Brook . Burgess . Laughlin . The Objective Standard . Fall 2010 . 5 . 3 . February 22, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131112031346/http://www.theobjectivestandard.com/issues/2010-fall/neoconservatism-thompson-brook.asp . November 12, 2013 .
  61. Web site: Elis, Niv . May 19, 2016 . Ayn Rand-inspired start-up award debuts in Israel, but carries controversy . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160522213505/http://www.jpost.com/Business-and-Innovation/Transportation-app-Moovit-wins-Ayn-Rand-inspired-start-up-prize-454343 . May 22, 2016 . June 9, 2022 . JPost.com . Brook acknowledged that there was some seeming contradiction between Rand's philosophy and the story of Israel's high-tech success, which has by many accounts benefited from government support for research and development, private-public partnerships and guarantees that helped launch the country's venture capital environment. The nomination for the prize, for example, did not require companies to have forgone any kind of government grants, subsidized credit, government- backed accelerators, and so on..
  62. Web site: Shapira, Ariel . Tech Talk: Israel's Fortune 500 companies . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171109225114/http://www.jpost.com/Business-and-Innovation/Tech-Talk-Israels-Fortune-500-companies-496935 . November 9, 2017 . November 9, 2017 . JPost.com.
  63. Web site: In spirit of Ayn Rand, Israeli entrepreneurship to get a boost . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20210221222028/https://www.timesofisrael.com/in-spirit-of-ayn-rand-israeli-entrepreneurship-to-get-a-boost/ . February 21, 2021 . November 15, 2017 . TimesofIsrael.com.
  64. Web site: 2018 . Masked protesters halt campus event featuring Israeli speaker . 2023-10-18 . The Jewish Chronicle.
  65. Web site: The Ayn Rand Institute Europe . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171022085649/https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/philosophy/the-ayn-rand-institute-europe . October 22, 2017 . July 12, 2017 . AdamSmith.org.
  66. Web site: About ARCJ . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180702175808/https://aynrandjapan.org/english.html . July 2, 2018 . July 2, 2018 . Ayn Rand Center Japan.
  67. Web site: About Us . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20171008030146/https://objetivismo.org/about-us/ . October 8, 2017 . October 7, 2017 . Objetivismo.org.
  68. Web site: Ayn Rand Center Israel Presents Atlas Award to Best Israeli Startup Company . May 20, 2016 . The Ayn Rand Institute . May 6, 2021 . May 7, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210507122121/https://ari.aynrand.org/press-releases/ayn-rand-center-israel-presents-atlas-award-to-best-israeli-startup-company/ . live .

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