Testicular receptor 4 explained

Testicular receptor 4 also known as NR2C2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2C2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

The testicular receptor 4 is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors.

Interactions

Testicular receptor 4 has been shown to interact with

• Androgen receptor,^[4]
• Estrogen receptor alpha,^[5] and
• Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha.^[6]

See also

• Testicular receptor

References

Further reading

• Hirose T, Fujimoto W, Tamaai T, Kim KH, Matsuura H, Jetten AM . TAK1: molecular cloning and characterization of a new member of the nuclear receptor superfamily . Molecular Endocrinology . 8 . 12 . 1667–80 . Dec 1994 . 10.1210/mend.8.12.7708055 . 7708055 . 24842898 .
• Young WJ, Smith SM, Chang C . Induction of the intronic enhancer of the human ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFRalpha) gene by the TR4 orphan receptor. A member of steroid receptor superfamily . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 5 . 3109–16 . Jan 1997 . 9006963 . 10.1074/jbc.272.5.3109 . free .
• Lee CH, Chinpaisal C, Wei LN . A novel nuclear receptor heterodimerization pathway mediated by orphan receptors TR2 and TR4 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 273 . 39 . 25209–15 . Sep 1998 . 9737983 . 10.1074/jbc.273.39.25209 . free .
• Lee YF, Shyr CR, Thin TH, Lin WJ, Chang C . Convergence of two repressors through heterodimer formation of androgen receptor and testicular orphan receptor-4: a unique signaling pathway in the steroid receptor superfamily . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 96 . 26 . 14724–9 . Dec 1999 . 10611280 . 24715 . 10.1073/pnas.96.26.14724 . 1999PNAS...9614724L . free .
• Wang X, Yeh S, Wu G, Hsu CL, Wang L, Chiang T, Yang Y, Guo Y, Chang C . Identification and characterization of a novel androgen receptor coregulator ARA267-alpha in prostate cancer cells . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 276 . 44 . 40417–23 . Nov 2001 . 11509567 . 10.1074/jbc.M104765200 . free .
• Yeung KC, Rose DW, Dhillon AS, Yaros D, Gustafsson M, Chatterjee D, McFerran B, Wyche J, Kolch W, Sedivy JM . Raf kinase inhibitor protein interacts with NF-kappaB-inducing kinase and TAK1 and inhibits NF-kappaB activation . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 21 . 21 . 7207–17 . Nov 2001 . 11585904 . 99896 . 10.1128/MCB.21.21.7207-7217.2001 .
• Shyr CR, Hu YC, Kim E, Chang C . Modulation of estrogen receptor-mediated transactivation by orphan receptor TR4 in MCF-7 cells . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 . 17 . 14622–8 . Apr 2002 . 11844790 . 10.1074/jbc.M110051200 . free .
• Tanabe O, Katsuoka F, Campbell AD, Song W, Yamamoto M, Tanimoto K, Engel JD . An embryonic/fetal beta-type globin gene repressor contains a nuclear receptor TR2/TR4 heterodimer . The EMBO Journal . 21 . 13 . 3434–42 . Jul 2002 . 12093744 . 126089 . 10.1093/emboj/cdf340 .
• Yang Y, Wang X, Dong T, Kim E, Lin WJ, Chang C . Identification of a novel testicular orphan receptor-4 (TR4)-associated protein as repressor for the selective suppression of TR4-mediated transactivation . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 9 . 7709–17 . Feb 2003 . 12486131 . 10.1074/jbc.M207116200 . free .
• Lin WJ, Li J, Lee YF, Yeh SD, Altuwaijri S, Ou JH, Chang C . Suppression of hepatitis B virus core promoter by the nuclear orphan receptor TR4 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 11 . 9353–60 . Mar 2003 . 12522137 . 10.1074/jbc.M205944200 . free .
• Takaesu G, Surabhi RM, Park KJ, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Matsumoto K, Gaynor RB. Richard Gaynor . TAK1 is critical for IkappaB kinase-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB pathway . Journal of Molecular Biology . 326 . 1 . 105–15 . Feb 2003 . 12547194 . 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01404-3 .
• Inui S, Lee YF, Chang E, Shyr CR, Chang C . Differential and bi-directional regulation between TR2/TR4 orphan nuclear receptors and a specific ligand mediated-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in human HaCaT keratinocytes . Journal of Dermatological Science . 31 . 1 . 65–71 . Feb 2003 . 12615366 . 10.1016/S0923-1811(02)00152-4 .
• Ishitani T, Takaesu G, Ninomiya-Tsuji J, Shibuya H, Gaynor RB, Matsumoto K . Role of the TAB2-related protein TAB3 in IL-1 and TNF signaling . The EMBO Journal . 22 . 23 . 6277–88 . Dec 2003 . 14633987 . 291846 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg605 .
• Cheung PC, Nebreda AR, Cohen P . TAB3, a new binding partner of the protein kinase TAK1 . The Biochemical Journal . 378 . Pt 1 . 27–34 . Feb 2004 . 14670075 . 1223947 . 10.1042/BJ20031794 .
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, Angrand PO, Bergamini G, Croughton K, Cruciat C, Eberhard D, Gagneur J, Ghidelli S, Hopf C, Huhse B, Mangano R, Michon AM, Schirle M, Schlegl J, Schwab M, Stein MA, Bauer A, Casari G, Drewes G, Gavin AC, Jackson DB, Joberty G, Neubauer G, Rick J, Kuster B, Superti-Furga G . A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway . Nature Cell Biology . 6 . 2 . 97–105 . Feb 2004 . 14743216 . 10.1038/ncb1086 . 11683986 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: NR2C2 .
2. Chang C, Da Silva SL, Ideta R, Lee Y, Yeh S, Burbach JP . Human and rat TR4 orphan receptors specify a subclass of the steroid receptor superfamily . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 91 . 13 . 6040–4 . Jun 1994 . 8016112 . 44133 . 10.1073/pnas.91.13.6040 . 1994PNAS...91.6040C . free .
3. Yoshikawa T, DuPont BR, Leach RJ, Detera-Wadleigh SD . New variants of the human and rat nuclear hormone receptor, TR4: expression and chromosomal localization of the human gene . Genomics . 35 . 2 . 361–6 . Jul 1996 . 8661150 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0368 .
4. Lee YF, Shyr CR, Thin TH, Lin WJ, Chang C . Convergence of two repressors through heterodimer formation of androgen receptor and testicular orphan receptor-4: a unique signaling pathway in the steroid receptor superfamily . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 96 . 26 . 14724–9 . Dec 1999 . 10611280 . 24715 . 10.1073/pnas.96.26.14724 . 1999PNAS...9614724L . free .
5. Shyr CR, Hu YC, Kim E, Chang C . Modulation of estrogen receptor-mediated transactivation by orphan receptor TR4 in MCF-7 cells . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 . 17 . 14622–8 . Apr 2002 . 11844790 . 10.1074/jbc.M110051200 . free .
6. Lin WJ, Li J, Lee YF, Yeh SD, Altuwaijri S, Ou JH, Chang C . Suppression of hepatitis B virus core promoter by the nuclear orphan receptor TR4 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 11 . 9353–60 . Mar 2003 . 12522137 . 10.1074/jbc.M205944200 . free .