| Cabinet Name: | Eighth Ben-Gurion Cabinet |
| Cabinet Number: | 10th |
| Jurisdiction: | Israel |
| Flag: | Flag of Israel.svg |
| Flag Border: | true |
| Government Head: | David Ben-Gurion |
| State Head: | Yitzhak Ben-Zvi (until 23 April 1963) Zalman Shazar (from 21 May 1963) |
| Legislature Status: | Coalition |
| Political Parties: | Mapai National Religious Party Ahdut HaAvoda Poalei Agudat Yisrael Cooperation and Brotherhood Progress and Development |
| Previous: | 9th cabinet of Israel |
| Successor: | 11th cabinet of Israel |
| Legislature Term: | 5th Knesset |
| Election: | 1961 Israeli legislative election |
| Opposition Leader: | Menachem Begin |
The tenth government of Israel was formed on 2 November 1961 following the August elections. Although David Ben-Gurion was appointed Prime Minister, the government was actually formed by Minister of Finance Levi Eshkol. On 7 September Ben-Gurion had told President Yitzhak Ben-Zvi that he was unable to form a government; on 14 September Ben-Zvi asked Eshkol to form a government, with Eshkol subsequently announcing that he would do so with Ben-Gurion as PM.[1] It turned out to be the last government led by Ben-Gurion.
The coalition included Mapai, the National Religious Party, Ahdut HaAvoda, Poalei Agudat Yisrael, Cooperation and Brotherhood and Progress and Development. Deputy Ministers were appointed four days after the cabinet was in place.
The government fell on 16 June 1963 when Ben-Gurion resigned "because of personal needs". However, in reality he was annoyed at a perceived lack of support from his colleagues.[2]
1 Died in office.
2 Although Yosef was not an MK at the time, he was a member of Mapai.
3 Although Sasson was not an MK at the time, he was elected to the next Knesset as a member of the Alignment, an alliance of Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda.