Tennis in Russia explained

Tennis is one of the most popular sports in the Eastern part of Europe. The rich careers of excellent players from every region have left an everlasting impression, and Russia is no exception. The main (established in September 2009 in Moscow) is named after Juan Antonio Samaranch. For a long time, as it was not an Olympic sport, tennis held a marginal position in Soviet sports.

History

Milestones

^[1]

• 1875 (June 13 – May 31, old style; often mistakenly listed as June 12, the same as Russia Day – thus May 30, old style, or vice versa): The first mention of tennis in Russian history. An entry about a tennis game in the diary of the Governor of Moscow, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia.
• 1888: Foundation of the first tennis club in Russia, the Lakhtinsky Lawn Tennis Club, in the village of Lakhta near St. Petersburg (capital of the Russian Empire).
• 1900: Foundation of the first tennis club in Moscow (Russian Empire) the Moscow Society of Lawn Tennis Amateurs on Petrovka.
• 1903: The first international tournament is held in Russia – The St. Petersburg Open. For the first time Russian tennis players, George Bray (Russian: Георгий Брей|Georgy Brey, of British origin) and Ambrosios Petrococino (Russian: Амвросий Петрококино|Amvrosy Petrokokino, of Greek origin), take part in competitions abroad, in Stockholm.
• 1907: The first All-Russian lawn tennis competitions, the prototype of the Russian Tennis Championship, are contested.
• 1908: Establishment of the All-Russian Union of Lawn Tennis Clubs, essentially the first Russian federation of tennis.
• 1920: Arthur McPherson Jr. is celebrated as the first Russian tennis player to compete at the Wimbledon Championships.
• 1926: The first Russian lawn tennis club in exile is created in Paris, France.
• 1929:
  • The Russian Lawn Tennis Federation is created in Paris, France to unite Russian tennis players in exile.
  • The All-Union Tennis Section, essentially the USSR Tennis Federation, is created in Moscow (capital of the Soviet Union]).
• 1931: The Russian Lawn Tennis Federation (in Paris, France) becomes a member of the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF).
• 1958: Anna Dmitrieva and Andrei Potanin are the first Soviet players to participate in the Junior Wimbledon Championships.
• 1959: The USSR Tennis Federation is officially founded (in Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union).
• 1962: The USSR team makes its debut in the Davis Cup.
• 1968: The USSR team makes its debut in the Federation Cup.
• 1974: Chris Evert and Olga Morozova win the French Open – Women's doubles title by defeating Gail Chanfreau and Katja Ebbinghaus in the final – and Olga Morozova becomes the first Soviet/Russian tennis player to win a Grand Slam tournament (not in juniors).
• 1976: The USSR team, captained by Shamil Tarpishchev at the time, refuses to play against the Chile team in the Davis Cup semifinals and is suspended by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) from participating in international competitions for two years.
• 1977: Soon after Wimbledon's grand ceremony — celebrating 100 years of the men's tournament — Martina Navratilova and Betty Stöve win the US Open – Women's doubles title by defeating Renée Richards (transgender athlete) and Betty Ann Stuart in the final.
• 2002: The Russian Tennis Federation (in Moscow, capital of the Russian Federation) is founded, officially re-invented, and renamed (from the All-Russian Tennis Association, previously renamed from the Tennis Federation of the RSFSR, and merged with the leftovers from the Tennis Federation of the USSR).
• 2008: The General Assembly of the International Tennis Federation (ITF) is held in Moscow, Russian Federation, commemorating the centenary of the Russian Tennis Federation.
• 2022:
  • The membership of the Russian Tennis Federation (in Moscow, Russian Federation) in the ITF is stopped.
  • The United Kingdom's Lawn Tennis Association issues ban for Daniil Medvedev and other Russian tennis players from participating in the Wimbledon Championships.

Introduction of tennis to Russia

Arthur Davydovich McPherson or Macpherson (1870–1920), a native of St. Petersburg, Russian Empire was the founder and president of the first All-Russian Union of Lawn Tennis Clubs, the forerunner of today's Russian Tennis Federation. In 1903 he organized the first St. Petersburg tennis championship, and four years later he set up the first national tournament. By 1913, the Russian championship was on the international tour and the game was thriving. McPherson also helped establish the country's first Olympic Committee. Following the 1917 Revolutions, two in a year – February and October – he was imprisoned and died from typhus in one of Moscow prisons.^{[2] [3]}

After his father's death in January 1920, Arthur Macpherson Jr. (1896–1976, Russian: Артур Артурович Макферсон||) could reach his career-best quarterfinals at the 1920 Wimbledon Championships, his first GS event and also the first GS event for any Russia-related or ex-Russian tennis player.^[4] While the generation of Russian, Russia-related and ex-Russian tennis pioneers, e. g. Lev Urusov (1877–1933), Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston (1893–1970) and his mixed doubles partner Nadezhda Martynova-Danilevskaya (1887–1969) were still alive and active, mostly in the immigration (including the ex-Russian Embassy from the Chatham House building, London), none of the other local sportspeople could think about being welcomed by the international sport community.^[5]

In the USSR

During the Soviet era, tennis was on the edge of survival due to its lack of appearance in the Olympic games, cost, and strong association with the Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov royal dynasty. From 1974 to 1984, Soviet tennis players had been forced by the Tennis Federation of the USSR to boycott all the international competitions, except for the Davis Cup, in an unsuccessful attempt of the government to influence apartheid in South Africa.^[6] In addition, local men's tennis players were seriously bullied by the other Soviet sportspeople for competing in a 'girlie' sport.^{[7] [8] [9]} At a certain point, about 80 percent of tennis coaches in the USSR were women.^[10]

In 1976, The New York Times reported that there were no tennis clubs in the USSR.^[11] This view is explained by the desire to make the sports history of America's enemies less important. According to ancient and/or outdated concepts, people who do not have a centuries-long past cannot count on respect.

Usually, when under the Soviets, all the undisputedly negative things in the USSR (famine, corruption, nepotism, poverty, and facial hair that can contribute to the increased intra-specific aggression, etc.) had been criticized domestically as the "leftovers from the Tsarist regime" (Russian: link=no|пережитки царского режима). Internationally, the term "regime" (Russian: link=no|режим, meaning strongly associated with imprisonment for all the people of Russia being in opposition to the chairperson) has never been closer to be excluded from any Russia-related narrative (meaning the ex-USSR) than in the "", although the general 'quarantine period' after the USSR – tacit or open condemnation of everything related to Russia, including people born and raised before the country's collapse in 1991 – has never been even close to an end because of the First Chechen War and the Second Chechen War.^{[12] [13] [14] [15]}

Men's singles player(s) who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on grass

• A. Metreveli – 8 (3 x Adelaide ^{≈ ATP-250}, 2 x Beckenham ^{≈ ATP-250}, Melbourne ^{≈ ATP-250}, Sydney ^{≈ ATP-250}, South Orange ^{≈ ATP-250})

Men's singles player(s) who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on clay

• A. Chesnokov – 4 (Monte Carlo ^ATP-1000, Florence ^ATP-250, Nice ^ATP-250, Munich ^ATP-250)

Women's singles player(s) who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on grass

• O. Morozova – 4 (Mahwah ^{≈ WTA-250}, London ^{≈ WTA-250}, Adelaide ^{≈ WTA-250}, Beckenham ^{≈ WTA-250})

Women's singles player(s) who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on clay

• O. Morozova – 1 (Buenos Aires ^{≈ WTA-250})

Post USSR

Since the end of the Soviet era, tennis has grown in popularity and Russia has produced many famous tennis players. In recent years, the number of top Russian women players has been considerable, with both Maria Sharapova and Dinara Safina reaching number one in the WTA rankings. Other Russian women to achieve international success include Anna Chakvetadze, Elena Dementieva, Svetlana Kuznetsova, Anastasia Myskina, Nadia Petrova, Vera Zvonareva and Anna Kournikova. The Russian Federation has won the Fed Cup 4 times, in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008.

At the Beijing 2008 Olympic Tennis Event, Russia swept the women's tennis podium with Elena Dementieva winning the gold, Dinara Safina and Vera Zvonareva the silver and bronze, respectively. As of 5 October 2009, four Russian women were ranked in the WTA tour's top 10.

Russia also boasts three former number 1 men's players–Safina's older brother Marat Safin, Yevgeny Kafelnikov and Daniil Medvedev. Russian men currently in the top 10 include Daniil Medvedev and Andrey Rublev, the former of whom was a finalist at the 2019 US Open, 2021 Australian Open, 2022 Australian Open. He won the 2021 US Open.^[16] Medvedev had briefly reached the number 1 ranking in February 2022, before being overtaken by Novak Djokovic. He reclaimed his first spot again in June 2022.^[17] Medvedev was the first player to reach number 1 without being a member of the 'Big Four'; Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer, Andy Murray, and Rafael Nadal, since February 2004.^[18]

Nevertheless, by the majority of their projected target audience, every successful women's (and – to a lesser extent – men's) tennis player from Russia is generally expected to obtain a foreign citizenship sooner or later.^[19]

Championship winners

Grand Slam champions and Olympic champions (main events)

Event	Australian Open (hard court)	French Open (clay court)	Wimbledon (grass court)	US Open (hard court)	Olympic Tennis Event
Men's singles	Y. Kafelnikov^1999 M. Safin^2005	Y. Kafelnikov^1996	–	M. Safin^2000 D. Medvedev^2021	Y. Kafelnikov^2000 Sydney (hard court)
Women's singles	M. Sharapova^2008	A. Myskina^2004 S. Kuznetsova^2009 M. Sharapova^2012 M. Sharapova^2014	M. Sharapova^2004	S. Kuznetsova^2004 M. Sharapova^2006	E. Dementieva^2008 Beijing (hard court)

Men's singles players who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on grass

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2021 Mallorca Championships.

1. Y. Kafelnikov – 3 (Halle ^ATP-250)
2. D. Tursunov – 2 (Eastbourne ^ATP-250, 's-Hertogenbosch ^ATP-250)
3. D. Medvedev – 1 (Mallorca ^ATP-250)

Men's singles players who won at least one ATP Tour-level tournament on clay

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2024 Mutua Madrid Open.

1. N. Davydenko – 10 (Hamburg European Open ^ATP-500, 3 × Pörtschach ^ATP-250, 2 × Munich ^ATP-250, Umag ^ATP-250, Estoril ^ATP-250, Sopot ^ATP-250, Warsaw ^ATP-250)
2. A. Rublev – 6 (Monte Carlo Masters ^ATP-1000, Madrid Open ^ATP-1000, Hamburg European Open ^ATP-500, Umag ^ATP-250, Belgrade ^ATP-250, Båstad ^ATP-250)
3. Y. Kafelnikov – 3 (French Open ^GS-2000, Gstaad ^ATP-250, Prague ^ATP-250)
4. M. Youzhny – 3 (Stuttgart Open ^ATP-250, Munich ^ATP-250, Gstaad ^ATP-250)
5. M. Safin – 2 (Barcelona Open ^ATP-500, Mallorca ^ATP-250)
6. I. Andreev – 2 (Valencia ^ATP-250, Palermo ^ATP-250)
7. D. Medvedev – 1 (Italian Open ^ATP-1000)

Women's singles players who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on grass

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2024 Bad Homburg Open.

1. M. Sharapova – 3 (Wimbledon Championships ^GS-2000, 2 × Birmingham ^WTA-250)
2. L. Samsonova – 2 (Berlin Open ^WTA-500, 's-Hertogenbosch ^WTA-250)
3. E. Alexandrova – 2 ('s-Hertogenbosch ^WTA-250)
4. S. Kuznetsova – 1 (Eastbourne International ^WTA-500)
5. E. Makarova – 1 (Eastbourne International ^WTA-500)
6. E. Vesnina – 1 (Eastbourne International ^WTA-500)
7. D. Kasatkina – 1 (Eastbourne International ^WTA-500)
8. D. Shnaider – 1 (Bad Homburg Open ^WTA-500)
9. V. Zvonareva – 1 (Birmingham ^WTA-250)
10. A. Chakvetadze – 1 ('s-Hertogenbosch ^WTA-250)
11. N. Petrova – 1 ('s-Hertogenbosch ^WTA-250)

Women's singles players who won at least one WTA Tour-level tournament on clay

Active players in bold. Last updated after the 2024 Iași Open.

1. M. Sharapova – 11 (2 × French Open ^GS-2000, 3 × Italian Open ^WTA-1000, Madrid Open ^WTA-1000, 3 × Stuttgart Open ^WTA-500, Amelia Island Championships ^WTA-500, Strasbourg ^WTA-250)
2. D. Safina – 6 (Berlin Open ^WTA-1000, Italian Open ^WTA-1000, Madrid Open ^WTA-1000, Warsaw ^WTA-250, Palermo ^WTA-250, Prague ^WTA-250)
3. S. Kuznetsova – 3 (French Open ^GS-2000, Stuttgart ^WTA-500, Stockholm ^WTA-250)
4. A. Myskina – 3 (French Open ^GS-2000, Palermo ^WTA-250, Sarasota ^WTA-250)
5. N. Petrova – 3 (Charleston Open ^WTA-1000, Berlin Open ^WTA-1000, Amelia Island Championships ^WTA-500)
6. A. Pavlyuchenkova – 3 (Estoril ^WTA-250, Rabat ^WTA-250, Strasbourg ^WTA-250)
7. E. Dementieva – 2 (Amelia Island Championships ^WTA-500, Istanbul ^WTA-250)
8. M. Kirilenko – 2 (Estoril ^WTA-250, Barcelona ^WTA-250)
9. V. Zvonareva – 2 (Bol ^WTA-250, Prague ^WTA-250)
10. D. Kasatkina – 1 (Charleston Open ^WTA-500)
11. V. Kudermetova – 1 (Charleston Open ^WTA-500)
12. E. Bovina – 1 (Warsaw ^WTA-250)
13. A. Potapova – 1 (Istanbul ^WTA-250)
14. M. Timofeeva – 1 (Budapest ^WTA-250)
15. D. Shnaider – 1 (Budapest ^WTA-250)
16. M. Andreeva – 1 (Iași ^WTA-250)

Performance table

Big title winners (GS, YEC, 1000s, Olympics)

All-time top Russia-related tennis players by the number of ATP / WTA (male/female) tour-level singles titles
(plus – in parentheses, if applied, and career-high singles ranking); active players – in bold; former countries' players, former competitions, and former players by switching from the Russian Federation or through being associated with the Soviet or Russian tennis by means of country of birth (COB) and/or dual citizenship – in italics

	Name	Sex	Birth year	GS		ATP Masters	OG	Other	All titles +	DC / BJK	AC / UC	HC	LC		ITHF	BH		MS FS Year	FD
Grand Slam singles champions
1	^[20] ^[21]	F	1987	5	1	14		⛒ ^2005^2006^2012	36 (39) 40 (43)			–		–	–		1^21 w(41)----JNR6	KDA2004	SO
2	^[22] before the also represented the USSR and the CIS	M	1974	2 (6)	0	0 (7)	G-2000	^1994^1995^1996^1997^1998^1999^2001	26 (53) 27 (56)	2002		–	–	2002	2019		1^6 w(4)	KDA1996	SO
3	^[23]	M	1996	1	1	6	QF (1R–1R)	^2019^2021^2023	20 21 25 (29)	2021	2021	–	2021	–	–		1^16 w(170)----JNR13	MOW2019	CE
4		F	1985	2 (4)	0	2 (6)	QF (QF)	^2016	18 (34) 19 (35)	2004 2007 2008		–		2015	–		2(3)----JNR1	SPE2004	NW
5		M	1980	2	0	5	2R	^2004	15 (17) 16 (19)	2002 2006		–	–	2010	2016		1^9 w(71)----JNR345	MOW2000	CE
6		F	1981	1	0	2 (3)	SF (2R)	^2003	10 (15) 13 (21)	2004 2005		–		2011	–		2(15)----JNR48	MOW2004	CE
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation ^[24]	F	1999	1	0	2	SF		8 12 (16)	–	–	–			–		3(48)----JNR3
Year-End Championships winners with no Grand Slam singles title
7		M	1981	^4	1	3	2R (QF)	^2003^2005^2006^2008	21 (23) 25 (27) 26 (28)	2006		–	–	2012	–		3(31)----JNR510	VGG2007	SO
Champions of ATP-Masters/ WTA-1000 without GS and/or singles title
8		F	1981	^2	0 (1)	3 (5)	S-2000 G-2008 (1R)	^2001	16 (22) 19 (28)	2005		–		2011	–		3(5)----JNR4	MOW2000	CE
9		M	1997	^10	0	2 (3)	1R (1R–G)		16 (20–21) 17 (23–24) 21 (28–29)	2021	2021	–	2021	–	–		5(55)----JNR1	MOW2021	CE
10	^[25]	F	1982	^2	0 (2)	3 (12)	3R (B)	^2012	13 (37) 17 (41)	2007		2007		2013	–		3(3)----JNR1	MOW2008	CE
11		F	1984	^2 (3–5)	0 (1)	1 (5)	B-2008 (QF)	^2010^2023	12 (28–30) 12 (30–32) 15 (34–37)	2004 2008	–	–		2014	–		2(7)----JNR3	MOW2004	CE
12	^[26]	F	1986	^3 (1)	0	5 (6)	S-2008 (QF)		12 (21) 15 (27)	2005 2008		–		–	–		1^26 w(8)----JNR9	MOW2006	CE
	before Ukraine, also represented the USSR & the CIS^[27]	M	1974	^1	0	4	–		11	–		–	–	–	–		4(185)	2000(UKR)
13		F	1987	^1	0	1	–	^2007	8 10 (11)	2007 2008		–		–	–		5(53)----JNR20	MOW2008	CE
14	before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team	M	1966	^1	0	2	2R		7 10	–		–	–	2003	–		9(342)	MOW1998	CE
15		M	1996	^2	0	1 (2)	S-2020 (1R)	^2018	6 (7) 8 (9) 14 (15)	2021	–	–	–	–	–		8(64)----JNR16	MOW2021	CE
16		F	1986	^1 (3–4)	0 (1)	1 (9)	2R (G–S)		3 (21–22) 5 (29–30)	2007 2008		–		–	–		13(1)----JNR116	KDA2008	SO

Other notable titles winners

	Name	Sex	Birth year	GS		ATP Masters	OG	Other	All titles +	DC / BJK	AC / UC	HC	LC		ITHF	BH		MS FS Year	FD
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
17		F	1991	^1	0	0 (2)	QF (–G)	^2021	12 (18–19) 17 (31–32)	2021		–		–	–		11 (21) JNR 1		CE
	before switching to Israel, also represented the USSR in juniors ^[28]	F	1976	^2	0	0	1R		12 19	–		–			–		15 (275)
18		M	1982	^2	0	0	QF (2R)	^2010	10 (19) 15 (25) 19 (30)	2002 2006		–	–	2012	–		8 (38) JNR 20		CE
	represented the USSR	M	1944	^1	0	0	–		9 (10)	–				2002	–		9 (80)	1966 (URS)
	represented the USSR	F	1949	^2 (1)	0		–		8 (24) 33 (75)	–				2006	–		7 (–)	1971 (URS)
19	^[29]	M	1982	^1	0	0	1R (2R)		7 (14) 19 (31) 24 (37)				–	2014	–		20 (36) JNR 246		CE
20		F	1997	^1	0	0	QF (QF)		7 (8) 14 (15)	2021		–		–	–		8 (43) JNR 3	SAM 2022 ^[30]	VO
21		F	1987	^3	0 (1)	0 (3)	SF (B)	^2012	6 (18) 8 (20)	–		–		–	–		10 (5) JNR 2		CE
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
	before Georgia, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team	F	1968	^1	0	0	2R (B)		5 (10) 6 (13)	–		–			–		12 (21)
22	while apart from the Russian Federation, also represented Italy	F	1998	^2	0	0 (1)	–		5 (6) 5 (6) 9 (12)	2021	–	–		–	–		12 (40) JNR 65	–	NW
	born in Georgia, also represented the Russian Federation in juniors^[31]	M	1992	^1	0	0	3R		5 10 20 (22)	–	–	–			–		16 (148) JNR 59
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
	before Belarus, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team	F	1971	^1 (18–20)	0 (3)	0 (23)	QF (B)		4 (84–86) 7 (90–92)	–		–		2009	2010		5 (1)	1991 (URS)
	before Ukraine, also represented the USSR & the CIS	F	1971	^4	0	0	– (1R)		4 (16) 4 (17)	–		–		–	–		23 (21)	2000 (UKR)
23		F	1994	^1	0	0	2R		4 (5) 7 (8) 14 (15)	2021	–	–		–	–		15 (58) JNR 925	CHE 2022	UR
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation	M	1997	^1	0	0	1R (1R)		4 10 14 (17)	–	–	–	–		–		18 (47) JNR 19
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
24	prior switching to the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR, the CIS & Kazakhstan	F	1975	^1 (0–2)	0	0 (4)	1R (2R)	^1996	3 (30–32) 5 (38–40)	–		–		2010	–		15 (3)		CE
25		F	1988	^2 (3–4)	0 (1)	0 (7)	3R (G)	^2012	3 (18–19) 6 (30–31)			–	–	–	–		8 (1) JNR 20		CE
26		F	1983	^1 (0–1)	0	0 (2)			3 (8–9) 11 (27–28)			–		–	–		14 (14) JNR 87	–	CE
27		M	1993	^1	0	0	2R (1R–S)		3 (4) 6 (8) 16 (21)			–	–	–	–		14 (87) JNR 47	RU-SE 2021	NC
28		M	1983	^1	0	0	3R (QF)	^2007	3 (4) 3 (7) 7 (11)	2006 / 2021		–	–	2013	–		18 (59) JNR 116		CE
29	before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR & the CIS	M	1967	^1	0	0	1R (1R)		3 4 7 (11)	–		–	–	2005	–		14 (136)	KGD 1999	NW
30		F	2004	^2	0	0	2R (S)		3 5 (6) 10 (14)	–	–	–		–	–		20 (65) JNR 2	–	VO
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation	F	1995	^3	0	0	1R		3 3 9	–	–	–			–		27 (158) JNR 3
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
	before Ukraine → Latvia, also represented the USSR	F	1966	^2 (2–6)	0	0 (10)	QF (QF)		2 (67–71) 4 (72–76)	–		–		2006	–		13 (1)	1991 (URS)
31	before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR & the CIS	M	1966	^2 (0–2)	0	0	QF		2 (22–24) 2 (29–31) 2 (30–32)	–		–	–	2005	–		49 (6)	MOW 1997	CE
32		F	1997	^1	0 (1)	0 (3)	1R (SF)		2 (10) 3 (15) 7 (35)	2021	–	–		–	–		9 (2) JNR 22	RU-TA 2022	VO
33		F	1989	^2	0	0 (1)	–		2 (7) 16 (34)	–		–		–	–		20 (10) JNR 3	–	CE
34		F	1994	^1	0	0	–		2 (6) 11 (23)	–	–	–		–	–		41 (25) JNR 35	–	CE
34		F	2001	^1	0	0	–		2 (5) 3 (8)	–	–	–		–	–		21 (40) JNR 1	–	VO
35	before the Russian Federation, also represented the USSR, the CIS & the Unified Team	M	1970	^3	0	0			2 6 (8) 7 (10)	–		–	–	2005	–		13 (141)	RU-BA 1992 &/or 1999	VO

Other notable players: with only one ATP / WTA Tour-level title

	Name	Sex	Birth year	GS		ATP Masters	OG	Other	All titles +	DC / BJK	AC / UC	HC	LC		ITHF	BH		MS FS Year	FD
Champions without GS and/or YEC and/or ATP-Masters / WTA-1000 singles title
	before Belarus, also represented the CIS in juniors for the ITF	M	1977	^1 (6–10)	0 (2)	0 (16)	QF (QF–G)		1 (53–58) 1 (60–65) 4 (66–71)	–		–	–	–	–		18 (1)	2001 (BLR)
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the (abbr. RF)	F	1987	^3 (2)	0	0 (2)	1R (–1R)		1 (14) 2 (16) 6 (23)	–		–			–		25 (3) JNR 13
37		F	1987	^1	0	0	–		1 (10) 3 (27)	2008		–		–	–		56 (15) JNR 16	MOW 2008	CE
	prior switching to Australia, also represented the Russian Federation	F	1994	^2	0	0	1R (1R)		1 (3) 5 (9)	–	–	AUS 2016			–		20 (45) JNR 1
38		F	1986	^1	0	0	–		1 (2) 2 (8)	2005		–	–	–	–		31 (27) JNR 1		CE
39		F	1998	^4	0	0	–		1 (2) 2 (4) 5 (17)	2021	–	–		–	–		34 (45) JNR 3	–	CE
40		M	1981	^1	0	0	–		1 (2) 9 (14) 15 (21)	–		–	–	–	–		35 (49) JNR 61	–	FE
41		F	2007	^1	0	0	1R (S–1R)		1 1 7	–	–	–		–	–		23 (94) JNR 1	–	SI
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation	M	1987	^4	0	0	– (1R–1R)		1 8 (23) 13 (32)	–	–	–	–		–		33 (24) JNR 101
42	in-between competing for the Russian Federation, also represented Kazakhstan ^[32]	F	1991	^1	0	0	–		1 10 (13)	–		–		–	–		37 (123) JNR 5	–	UR
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation	M	1987	^2	0	0	2R		1 15 16 (17)	–	–	–	–		–		39 (67)
43		F	2003	^1	0	0	–		1 1 6 (12)	–	–	–		–	–		93 (179) JNR 33	–	CE
	before Ukraine, also represented the USSR & the CIS	M	1968	^3	0	0	–		1 5 (10)	–		–			–		93 (119)	–

Other notable players: Top-20 and team cups winners

	Name	Sex	Birth year	GS		ATP Masters	OG	Other	All titles +	DC / BJK	AC / UC	HC	LC		ITHF	BH		MS FS Year	FD
Top-10 singles rankings champions without ATP / WTA tour-level singles title
44		F	1981	^1 (2)	0 (2)	0 (4)	1R	^1997^1998	0 (16) 2 (18)	–		–		2015	–		8 (1) JNR 130		CE
Top-20 singles rankings champions without ATP / WTA tour-level singles title
45		F	1998	^1	0	0	–		0 (3) 1 (4) 8 (20)	2021	–	–		–	–		16 (49) JNR 3	–	CE
46		F	1976	^8	0	0	–		0 6	–		–		–	–		20 (75)	–	CE
Champions of team cups and/or DBL–MX Grand Slams without ATP / WTA tour-level singles title
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the (abbr. RF)	F	1995	0 (0–1)	0	0	–		0 (5–6) 0 (8–9) 1 (35–36)	–	–	–			–		269 (10) JNR 3
47		F	1968	^2 (0–1)	0	0	–		0 (4–5) 3 (27–28)	–		–		–	–		66 (18)		CE
48		M	1990	^2	0	0	3R		0 12 (15) 14 (19)	2021		–	–	–	–		65 (161) JNR 20	–	CE
49		M	1977	^1	0	0	–		0 1 (5) 3 (9)	2002		–	–	–	–		71 (151)		SO
	represented the USSR	M	1948	0	0	0	–		0	2002 2006 2021 / 2004 2005 2007 2008		–	–	2002 ⇒	–		–	MOW 1996

Other notable ranked players

	Name	Sex	Birth year	GS		ATP Masters	OG	Other	All titles +	DC / BJK	AC / UC	HC	LC		ITHF	BH		MS FS Year	FD
Other notable players in the Top-50
50		F	1984	^1	0	0	–	^1999	0 (1) 1 (2)	–		–		–	–		25 (22) JNR 1	–	CE
	before Belarus, also represented the USSR and CIS in juniors (not for the ITF)	M	1978	^1	0	0	2R (2R)		0 (1) 8 (14) 13 (25)	–		–	–	–	–		25 (71) JNR 7	–
51	before switching to the, represented the United States	M	1983	^2	0	0	2R		0 (1) 10 (16) 14 (22)	–		–		–	–		33 (100) JNR 57	–	CE
52		M	1997	^1	0	0	3R (1R)		0 4 (5) 23 (27)	–	–	–		–	–		36 (239) JNR 2	–	CE
	prior switching to France, also represented the Russian Federation	F	2000	^1 (^1)	0	0	1R (1R)		0 0 7	–	–	–	–		–		39 (135) JNR 19
53		M	1991	^1	0	0	–		0 8 (12) 15 (24)	–		–		–	–		39 (137) JNR 3	–	CE
54		F	1973	^4	0	0	–	^1994^1995	0 (1) 6 (13)	–		–		–	–		43 (41)	–	CE
55		M	1985	^2	0	0	–		0 (1) 10 (21) 15 (29)	–		–		–	–		43 (101) JNR 33	–	CE
	prior switching to Kazakhstan, also represented the Russian Federation	M	2000	^2 (^1)	0	0	1R		0 4 7 (9)	–	–	–	–		–		45 (406) JNR 339
56		M	1998	^1 (^1)	0	0	1R		0 3 (4) 6 (7)	–	–	–		–	–		50 (226) JNR 34	–	CE
Other notable players and inductees in the Top-100
	prior switching to Armenia, also represented the Russian Federation	F	2002	^2 (^1)	0	0	–		0 0 5 (16)	–	–	–	–		–		58 (168) JNR 32
57		M	1985	^1	0	0	–		0 3 (16) 12 (36)	–		–		–	–		78 (100) JNR 45	–	CE
58		F	1996	^1	0	0	–		0 0 (0) 7 (8)	–		–	–	–	–		87 (312) JNR 3	–	SI
59		F	2004	^1	0	0	–		0 0 3 (5)	–	–	–		–	–		88 (274) JNR	–	SI
60		F	1995	^4	0	0	–		0 (4) 1 (9) 19 (58)	–	–	–		–	–		89 (40) JNR 1	–	CE
	represented the USSR	M	1947	^1					0	–				2008	–		91	1977 (URS)
	before Belarus, represented the USSR and the CIS	F	1974	^1					0 1	–				–	–		91 (570)	–
Other notable players and inductees in the Top-200
61		F	1999	^2	0	0	–		0 0 6	–		–		–	–		116 (–) JNR 4	–	CE
62		F	2007	0	0	0	–		0 0 3 (4)	–	–	–		–	–		128 (261) JNR 1	–	CE
63	^[33]	M	1996	0	0	0	–		0 2 (3) 16 (17)	–	–	–		–	–		142 (170) JNR 616	–	CE
		M	1948	^2	0	0	–		0	–		–	–	2013	–		163	MOW 2003
64		F	1990	0	0	0	–		0 6 (21)	–		–		–	–		171 (108) JNR 4	–	VO
	represented the USSR	M	1960	^2					0	–				2015	–		175 (307)	1991 (URS)
	prior switching to Greece, also represented the USSR^[34]	F	1964	0	0	0	–		0 0 3 (4)	–		–			–		194 (130)
Other notable players in the Top-300
65		M	1987	0	0	0	–		0 1 7	–		–		–	–		205 (195) JNR 15	–	CE
	prior switching to Georgia, also represented the Russian Federation	F	1993	0 (^3)	0	0	–		0 (3) 0 (6) 10 (45)	–	–	–	–		–		245 (43) JNR 224
66		F		1982	0	0	0	–		0 2 (13)	–		–		–	–				246 (102) JNR 106	–	CE
	before Latvia, represented the USSR	M	1963	^2	0	0	–		0 0 (4)	–				–	–		273 (108)	–
	represented the USSR	M	1955	^1					0	–				–	–		281 (237)	1991 (URS)
	prior switching to New Zealand, also represented the Russian Federation	M	1986	0	0	0	–		0 (5) 0 (15) 5 (35)	–	–	–	–		–		299 (32) JNR 79
Other notable players in the Top-500
67		F	2002	0	0	0	–		0 0 4 (8)	–	–	–		–	–		317 (312) JNR 12	–	CE
	represented the USSR	M	1960	0					0 0 (1)	–				–	–		327 (245)	–
68		F	1992	0	0	0	–		0 0 2 (3)	–		–		–	–		334 (569) JNR 12	–	VO
69		M	1983	0	0	0	–		0 0 (1) 2 (7)	–		–		–	–		355 (312) JNR 38	–	CE
70	if counting her 1993-1994 comeback attempt (because she was already based in Germany), represented the USSR, the CIS and the Russian Federation^[35]	F	1967	0	0	0	–		0 1 (2)	–		–			–		380 (466)		SO
Other notable players outside the Top-500
71	married Veronika Kudermetova	M	1984	0	0	0	–		0 0 1 (9)	–	–	–		–	–		637 (438) JNR 95	–	CE
72		M	2005	0	0	0	–		0 0 1	–	–	–		–	–		789 (1305) JNR 1	–	CE

Other notable unranked players

Before the Open Era (1968)

Name	Sex	Birth year		All titles +	AC / UC		BH	MS FS Year
In chronological order
represented the Russian Empire	M	1877	0	0 1 3 ^[36]		2008
(aka ), represented the Russian Empire before switching to the British Empire	M	1880	0	0 3 (6) 32 ^[37]		2004
	M	1884	0	0 4 (5) 120 ^[38]		2005
(aka ), represented the Russian Empire before switching to the British Empire	M	1886	0	0 0 (4) 0 (16)		2004
(aka Nadia Danilevsky)	F	1887	0	0 3 7 ^[39]		2014
	F	1892	0	0 1 ^[40]		–
	M	1893	0	0 6 (10) 39 ^[41]		2002
(aka, first son of), represented the Russian Empire before switching to the British Empire	M	1896	^1			–
(1897–1916, aka, second son of)	M	1897	–			–
Other notable unranked players and inductees and/or USSR Championships winners (in chronological order; all representing the USSR)^[42]
	M	1893	0	0 0 (0)		–		1936 (URS)
	F	1895	0	0 2 (3)		2007		1947 (URS)
	M	1898	0	0 4 (12–17)		2004		1934 (URS)
real surname: Multinenko	M	1899	0	0 0 (2–4)		2010		1946 (URS)
	M	1901	0	0 0 (1)		2012		1946 (URS)
	F	1903	0	0 0 (4–9)		2007		1947 (URS)
	F	1904	0	0 7 (9)		2003		1936 (URS)
	M	1908	0	0 4 (13–18)		2006		1948 (URS)
	F	1909	0	0 0 (12–13)		2009		1945 (URS)
	M	1909	0	0 5		2005		1938 (URS)
	F	1911	0	0 3 (4)		–		1950 (URS)
	F	1913	0	0 2 (3–4)		–		1948 (URS)
	F	1914	0	0 4 (6–8)		–		–
	F	1915	0	0 0 (12–21)		2011		1948 (URS)
	M	1917	0	0 0		2006		–
	M	1921	0	0 0 (2)		2008		–
	F	1921	0	0 0 0		2013		–
	M	1922	0	0 5 (18–24)		2003		1947 (URS)
	M	1923	0	0		2005		1947 (URS)
	F	1929	–	0 1 (3–4)		2006		–
	F	1934	^1	0		2007
	F	1938	^1	0 4 (14)		–		–
	F	1940	^3	0 12 (25)		2004		1964 (URS)
Born in Nazi-occupied Estonia	M	1941	^1	0		2009		1964 (URS)
Born in Nazi-occupied Estonia	F	1943	^1	0		–		–
	F	1945	^2	0		–		–
^[43]	F	1947	^1	0 0 (2–3)		–		–
^[44]	F	1948	–	0		2009		–
	M	1948	^1	0		2014		1991 (URS)
	F	1950	^2	0		–		–
	F	1952	^1	0		–		–
	F	1953	^3	0		2011		1986 (URS)
	F	1953	^1	0 3 (4)		–		–
	M	1955	^1	0		2008		1985 (URS)
	F	1958	^1	0		–		1991 (URS)
	F	1962	0	0				–

Olympics medals proportion

Singles (SGL), Doubles (DBL), Mixed Doubles (MX); main events in bold
(Timeline: RU1 → URS → EUN → RUS → ROC → AIN)

See also

• Tennis at the Summer Universiade
• Match fixing in tennis
  • Russian-born American tennis players
  • Dennis Novikov, b. 1993
  • Sofia Kenin, b. 1998
• ATP / WTA Tour-level former tournaments in Russia
  • Moscow Ladies Open, 1989–1995
  • Kremlin Cup, 1990–2021
  • St. Petersburg Open, 1995–2021
  • St. Petersburg Ladies' Trophy, 2003–2022
  • Moscow River Cup, 2018

References

1. Web site: Российский теннис: факты, события, цифры. Russian Tennis: Facts, Events, Figures . tennis-russia.ru . Russian Tennis Federation. 19 August 2024 . ru . 12 June 2020.
2. Web site: Potts . Andy . Seven interesting facts about Russian tennis . Russia Beyond. 9 January 2024 . en . 2 July 2015.
3. Web site: Макферсон Артур Давыдович (1870–1920) . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 27 June 2024 . ru.
4. Web site: Макферсон Артур Артурович . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 26 June 2024 . ru.
5. Web site: Основоположники и пионеры российского тенниса (1875–1917) . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 26 June 2024 . ru.
6. Web site: Puzyrev . Denis . 30 лет изоляции спорта ЮАР из-за апартеида: как он выживал эти годы? . 30 years of South African sport isolation due to apartheid: how did it survive all these years? . sports.ru . 29 April 2022 . ru . 18 March 2022 . The fact is by that time South Africa had lost its former importance for the United States: due to Perestroika in the USSR, the threat of the communist regime on the continent has gone by itself. In addition, the largest diamond corporation in the world, De Beers, the richest company in South Africa, has joined the ranks of open opponents of apartheid.
7. Web site: Kuznetsov . Mikhail . "Когда играли с Ельциным, шансов победить нас не было". Большое интервью Шамиля Тарпищева . Big Interview with Shamil Tarpishchev: "While I Was Playing [Doubles] with [Boris] Yeltsin, There Was No Chance of Beating Us". . . 26 November 2021 . ru . 4 November 2021.
8. Web site: Tennis in the USSR (1928–1969) . tennis-russia.su . 4 October 2021 . ru.
   • Web site: Grantsev . Dmitry . Шамиль Тарпищев: "Было ощущение, что теннису придёт каюк" . Shamil Tarpishchev: "The feeling of "the death of tennis [in Russia]" was there" . . 4 October 2021 . ru . 23 September 2021.
   • Web site: Фоменко Борис Иванович. Fomenko Boris Ivanovich – Historian of Russian Tennis . Contemporary Sports Museum . 4 October 2021 . ru.
9. News: Отца Марии Романовой обвиняют в пособничестве Гитлеру . Радио Свобода . Maria Romanova's Father Is Accused of Helping Hitler. . 6 December 2021 . ru . 24 July 2015. Representatives of the Russian nobility applied to Putin with a letter in which they demand not to grant special status to Maria Romanova due to the open support of her father for Hitler.
   • Web site: Lavish Russian wedding for Tsar's descendant . . 6 December 2021 . 1 October 2021 . The [Holstein-Gottorp-]Romanov dynasty ruled Russia for more than three centuries before Nicholas II abdicated in early 1917. This paved the way for the Bolshevik revolution and 70 years of Communist rule.
   • Россия – колония США?! Почему молчит телевизор? . Is Russia a [de-facto] Colony of USA?! Why There Is a Silence on [a Local Russian] TV?. YouTube . Official YouTube Channel: MIkhail Sovetsky . 15 January 2022 . ru . 3 August 2019.
     • Currently available: Sovetsky . Mikhail . Россия – колония США؟! Почему молчит телевизор؟ (Михаил Советский) . Is Russia a [de-facto] Colony of USA?! Why There Is a Silence on [a Local Russian] TV?. 10 April 2021 . . 13 May 2022 . ru.
   • Who Would Be Tsar of Russia Today? . YouTube . UsefulCharts . 21 March 2022 . 1 January 2021.
   • News: Grachev . Ivan . Mardan . Sergei . Историк Андрей Фурсов: На кон поставлено все. Если власть дрогнет, и уступит, это будет конец . Historian : Everything is at stake. If the government falters and gives in, it will be the end . . 21 March 2022 . ru . 3 March 2022 ., the chief of the French secret services under De Gaulle, once said addressing Russians "to make no mistake, the French will never forgive you for defeating Napoleon 200 years ago". I am deeply convinced that the European Union will never forgive Russia for defeating Hitler. Because all of Europe fell to Hitler.
   • Web site: Beresnev . Valery . Андрей Фурсов: "Ковидоистерия оказалась психоударом, который должен был обеспечить перезапуск Истории" . Andrei Fursov: "Covid-hysteria turned out to be a psycho-shock, which was supposed to ensure the restart of History" . . 21 March 2022 . . ru . 5 May 2021 . The plot had to be implemented in the form of a two-way plan: at first, Hitler destroys the British Empire, and then Stalin destroys Hitler, after which the exhausted Stalinist USSR becomes, well, a very junior partner of the United States as the master of Western Europe and the former colonial empires of Great Britain and France. It did not work out.
   • The most common "Russophobia" term usually includes the centuries-long "existential hatred or fear towards [Russians]" as one: e. g. Sergeyev . Sergey . How is Russian Russophobia possible? . Issues of Nationalism . 2013 . 1 . 13 . 66–85 . 25 March 2022 . ru.
10. Web site: Слагаемые успеха / Быть мамой Андрея Рублева . Components of success / Being the mother of Andrey Rublev. 20 June 2018 . FIS (Fizkultura i sport) . 22 February 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200201083226/http://www.fismag.ru/pub/bik-06-18.php . 1 February 2020 . ru. What is considered a [rare] phenomenon for the whole world seems a common thing for the country. The success of women in raising male champions in Russia did not surprise or will not surprise anyone: we have no less female coaches than male coaches, and in the USSR this profession was occupied by women at 80%.
11. News: Wren . Christopher S. . Tennis in the Soviet Style . June 30, 2024 . . March 15, 1976.
12. Web site: Merited Masters of Sport . 26 June 2024 . museum.tennis-russia.ru . . ru.
13. Web site: Yablochkina, Imperial and Soviet actress: Famous Quotes. newsland.com. ru.
14. Web site: Как появлялась и пропадала мода на бороды и усы. How the fashion for beards and moustaches can come and go . ren.tv . . 12 July 2024 . . ru . 2 March 2022 . "Stalin was a man of the old school, and he wore such a big, thick moustache. Of course, Budyonny was the leader in the rating of the Soviet Union's moustache-wearers thanks to his thick, wide moustache. He descended from the Cossacks, and for the Russian Empire, and then the Soviet Union, wearing a moustache was a distinctive sign for a respectable adult man," says Ilyin.
15. Web site: Men’s Facial Hair Preferences Reflect Facial Hair Impression Management Functions Across Contexts and Men Know It . ncbi.nlm.nih.gov . . 12 July 2024 . . 17 April 2023 . Men with distinct facial hair are perceived as more aggressive, dominant, older, and more formidable, mostly by other men.
16. Web site: ATP Singles Rankings . 2011-02-08.
17. News: Gonzalez . Isabel . 13 June 2022 . Daniil Medvedev takes No. 1 world ranking, ending 18-year streak of tennis' 'Big Three ' dominating top spots . CBS Sports . 10 July 2022.
18. News: Clarey . Christopher . 28 February 2022 . Daniil Medvedev Intrudes on the Big Four's No. 1 Perch . New York Times . 10 July 2022.
19. Web site: Tinkov spoke about the failed contract with Sharapova: "The agent talked her out of it in order to not become involved with Russians". Тиньков рассказал о сорвавшемся контракте с Шараповой: "Агент ее отговорил, чтобы с русскими не связываться" . sport24.ru . Sport24 . 12 July 2024 . . ru . 18 April 2021. She had a post-doping scandal. Russia, doping, all that, and someone advised her against something. They are all afraid of that in America, although it was a complete nonsense - we are a private bank, and they associated us with Russia.
    • Web site: Реклама Банка Империал. Все 18 роликов. В HD качестве 50 FPS. Bank Imperial advertising. All 18 videos. In HD quality 50 FPS . . 20 July 2024 . ru . 11 August 2021 . The history of the creation of these commercials is interesting. For the bank's advertising campaign, they hired the then-unknown director Timur Bekmambetov. He later became famous for his films "Dozor" ("Day" and "Night").
20. Web site: Maria Sharapova Biography . 15 September 2022 . Peoples . ru . [Western] Zodiac: Aries; Druid: Maple; Celtic: Hydrangea; Chinese: Hare; Japanese: Rabbit; Zoroastrian: Fallow deer . Russia.
21. Web site: 8 June 2023 . Sharapova: "Alcaraz es increíble, lo que más me fascina de él es su espíritu de lucha" . 29 July 2023 . puntodebreak.com . Punto de Break . es . At the moment I don't see my heir on the horizon. There are excellent players with different styles. The formula for success is not easy to achieve, you need a perfect balance between the game, commitments with sponsors and free time.
22. Web site: Evgueni Kafelnikov (URS) Tennis Player Profile . itftennis.com . . 19 July 2024.
    • Web site: Yevgeny Kafelnikov 1994 . . 14 September 2021.
    • Web site: Евгений Кафельников: самый титулованный теннисист России с многомиллионным состоянием . Stone Forest . 22 July 2021 . ru . 11 May 2020.
    • Web site: How to write correctly in English (letters, Latin script) 'Кафельников Евгений Александрович' (3 variants: foreign passport, ISO 9, telegraph services). fioz.ru . 11 July 2024 . ru.
23. Web site: Daniil Medvedev's Racquet . peRFect Tennis . 2 September 2021 . 15 February 2021.
    • Web site: Daniil Medvedev – Sponsors . Sports Khabri . 2 September 2021 . 4 June 2021.
24. Web site: Nitkin. Pavel. Елена Рыбакина вынесла Серену на РГ. Она родилась в Москве, но играет за Казахстан – это путь многих талантов, потому что в России нет денег. Elena Rybakina rendered Serena at RG. She was born in Moscow but plays for Kazakhstan, this is a path of many talents because there is no money in Russia. sports.ru. 21 June 2021. ru. https://web.archive.org/web/20210709133120/https://www.sports.ru/tribuna/blogs/nitkina/2929665.html. 9 July 2021.
25. Web site: "Я хочу вырастить чемпионов здесь, в нашей стране" . "I would like to make champions here, in this country" . iz.ru . . 27 June 2023 . ru . 2022-11-18.
26. Web site: Dadygin . Sergey . Теннисистка Надежда Петрова: "Меня пригласили быть свидетелем на свадьбе Овечкина. Но я туда не попала" . Tennis Player Nadezhda Petrova: "I was invited to be a witness at Ovechkin's wedding. But I didn't get there". eg.ru . . 14 July 2023 . Moscow . ru . 2 November 2020 . – And Dinara Safina, as they say, an affair with coach Željko Krajan helped in her time to become the number racket of the world. – When Dinarka was training with Krajan, she was like a machine. The energy from her was enormous, hormones were playing. I remember, that year Safina was simply "eating" me on the court. But the Dutchman Glen Schaap suppressed her. Energetic vampire. By the way, I also worked with him. Glen was likable, but very bossy. I couldn't stand his negativity.
27. Web site: 26 July 2009. Андрей Медведев: "Ельцин за смену гражданства предлагал баснословный контракт и квартиру возле Кремля" . Andrei Medvedev

    "Yeltsin Had Been Offering [Me] a Mind-Blowing Contract and an Apartment Near the [Moscow] Kremlin for the Switch of Citizenship"

    . LB.ua. 23 December 2021. https://archive.today/20120713151508/http://sport.lb.ua/summer/2009/07/26/3413_andrey_medvedev_eltsin_za_smen.html. 13 July 2012. Єvgen. Shvets. My mother [Svetlana] influenced my decision, she has managed to convince [me], a 20-year-old boy, not quite familiar with the situation, that I was born in Kyiv, and this country is called Ukraine these days, all of my friends are here, my home is here, and it would be unwise to relocate.
28. Web site: European Junior Championships 14 & Under . tenniseurope.org . . 2 August 2023 . en . 1990: Smashnova (USSR).
29. Web site: Discussing Wimbledon Women's Draw with Dmitry Tursunov . YouTube . Tennis Therapy . 29 July 2023 . ru . 1 July 2023.
30. Timeline:
    • 25.04 Kudermetova: Web site: Теннисистка Кудерметова стала заслуженным мастером спорта России . Sport Express . 26 September 2022 . 25 April 2022. ru.
    • 15.09 Alexandrova, Kasatkina: Web site: ru:ПРИКАЗ "О ПРИСВОЕНИИ ПОЧЕТНОГО СПОРТИВНОГО ЗВАНИЯ «ЗАСЛУЖЕННЫЙ МАСТЕР СПОРТА РОССИИ»" [Е. Александрова и Д. Касаткина]. http://www.minsport.gov.ru/documents/awards/37995/ . Ministry of Sport (Russian Federation) . 26 September 2022 . ru . 15 September 2022.
31. Web site: Николоз Басилашвили: В России мне комфортно . Nikoloz Basilashvili: "I Feel Comfortable In Russia". bezformata.com . Bez Formata . 9 July 2023 . Russia . ru . 2012-06-25.
    • Web site: Басилашвили: принял российское гражданство, потому что не мог найти спонсора . Basilashvili: I Took the Russian Citizenship Because I Couldn't Find a Sponsor. championat.com . . 9 July 2023 . Moscow . ru . 2019-03-12.
32. Web site: Ксения Первак: Переезд в Казахстан был ошибкой. Ksenia Pervak: Moving To Kazakhstan Was a Mistake . sovsport.ru . . 9 July 2024 . 15 October 2023 . ru. "The Bogomolov surname is not in the American registers," says Alex. And he speaks convincingly, without an accent, and more interestingly than many domestic athletes.
33. Web site: "Теннисный рай" на ЧР в Казани. Иван Гахов: "Мой уровень игры гораздо выше моего нынешнего рейтинга" . "Tennis Paradise" at the Russian Championship in Kazan. Ivan Gakhov: "My level of play is much higher than my current rating". YouTube . Tennisny Rai [lit. Tennis Paradise] . 18 August 2023 . Russia . ru . 2 October 2021.
34. Web site: 16 April 2021 . Words of Wisdom in Monaco with Yulia Salnikova . 25 August 2021 . hellomonaco,com.
    • Web site: 2020-12-31 . Шамиль Тарпищев: "Циципас вообще не заиграл бы, если бы не Бокарев, который его спонсировал. Надеялся, что он будет за нас выступать" . Shamil Tarpischev: "Tsitsipas wouldn't play at the top-level without Bokarev who sponsored him. Bokarev was full of hope Stefanos was going to compete for our team" . 5 July 2023 . sport.ru . Sports.ru . ru.
    • Web site: European Junior Championships 18 & Under . 12 July 2023 . tenniseurope.org . . en . 1981: runner-up: Salnikova.
    • Web site: Kostik . Elizaveta . 22 October 2022 . Большое интервью Юлии Сальниковой о том, каково это растить и поддерживать сына-чемпиона . A long interview with Yulia Salnikova about what it's like to raise and support a champion son . 16 July 2024 . sports.ru . Sports.Ru . ru.
35. Web site: 2016-09-27 . Александр Зверев: "Миша и Саша стали европейцами, но говорят по-русски" . Alexander [M.] Zverev: "Mischa and Sascha have become Europeans but they speak Russian" . 5 July 2023 . sport-express.ru . . ru.
    • Web site: 2018-10-25 . Миша Зверев о словах Саши, что в нем ничего русского: "Может быть, он неудачно высказался. Или не так поняли" . Mischa Zverev about Sascha's words about "having nothing Russian in him": "Maybe, it was not his best phrase. Or he was misunderstood" . 5 July 2023 . sports.ru . ru.
    • Web site: Irina Zvereva Tennis Player . 16 July 2024 . itftennis.com . . USSR.
36. Web site: Урусов Лев Владимирович (1877–1933) . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 27 June 2024 . ru.
37. Web site: Брей Георгий Вальтерович (1880–1954) . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 27 June 2024 . ru.
38. http://lib.sportedu.ru/Press/TPFK/2005n5/p2-13.htm Размышления о физкультурно-спортивном движении в постреволюционную эпоху (20-е годы)
39. Web site: Мартынова-Данилевская Надежда Викторовна (1887–1969) . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 26 June 2024 . ru. Nadezhda Viktorovna died in May 1969 at the age of 84 in the New York suburb of Spring Valley [thus making her year of birth 1884 or 1885].
40. Web site: Изнар Людмила Николаевна (1892–1983) . museum.tennis-russia.ru . RTF Museum . 26 June 2024 . ru.
41. Web site: Count Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston – Tennis – Russian Sport – Biographies . RusArtNet.com . 13 June 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063337/http://www.rusartnet.com/biographies/russian-sport/tennis/count-mikhail-sumarokov-elston . 4 March 2016 . dead .
42. Web site: Anna Dmitrieva Pictures and Photos . 14 December 2021 . Getty Images.
    • Web site: Anna Dmitrieva Pictures and Photos / GBR: Allsport Edit And Rescans DI . 15 December 2021 . Getty Images.
    • Web site: ДМИТРИЕВА Анна Владимировна (1940-2024) . 14 July 2024 . biograph.ru . Biograph.Ru . ru . Her father was Vladimir Vladimirovich Dmitriev, the chief artist of the Moscow Art Theatre. Her mother was a famous actress. Her stepfather was Kirill Vladimirovich Molchanov, a composer. Her half-brother was Vladimir Kirillovich Molchanov, a famous author and TV presenter.
    • Web site: 27 June 2024 . Knipper-Chekhova's goddaughter and Ozerov's student. The legend is gone - Anna Dmitrieva . 14 July 2024 . zhizn.ru . . ru . Moscow.
    • Web site: Merited Masters of Sports of the USSR . 21 July 2024 . museum.tennis-russia.ru . . ru.
43. Web site: Lifantsev . Dmitry . Татьяна Тарасова увела мужа у беременной двойней теннисистки. Tatyana Tarasova stole the husband of a tennis player who was pregnant with twins . eg.ru . . 13 August 2024 . . ru . Until recently, Tarasova didn't even mention she was Khomenkov's [track and field athlete Vasili Khomenkov who was {{ill|Leonid Khomenkov|ru|Хоменков, Леонид Сергеевич}}'s son] wife. It wasn't until an interview for her 70th birthday that she said she went to the registry office three times, including Vasili. But she didn't want to talk about him, saying he died tragically, and that topic was off-limits for her.
44. Web site: Исланова Рауза Мухамеджановна . smsport.ru . Contemporary Sports Museum . 30 June 2024 . ru.
    • Web site: Rauza Islanova: I never brag about being the mother of Marat and Dinara . gotennis.ru . GoTennis . 30 June 2024 . Moscow . 13 April 2012.