| Tehran Metro Line 1 | |
| Native Name: | خط ۱ مترو تهران |
| Native Name Lang: | fa |
| Type: | Rapid transit |
| System: | Tehran Metro |
| Locale: | Tehran, Tehran Province |
| Start: | Tajrish Station |
| End: | Kahrizak Station, Parand |
| Stations: | 29+3 (Including IKIA branch) |
| Open: | 28 August 2001 (Initially)[1] 30 November 2023 (Most recent)[2] |
| Owner: | Tehran Urban and Suburban Railways Organization (Metro) |
| Operator: | Tehran Urban and Suburban Railways Organization (Metro) |
| Depot: | Tehran-South Depot |
| Linelength: | 86.9km (54miles) |
| Electrification: | Third rail |
| Speed: | 80 km/h (main line) 120 km/h (IKIA branch) |
Tehran Metro Line 1, coloured red on system maps, runs north–south and is 86.9km (54miles) of which 14.9km (09.3miles) is underground (from Tajrish station to Shush Station) and the rest at grade (at surface level). The number of stations along the main line is 29 of which 22 stations are underground and 7 above. The Airport branch has another 3 stations, all at grade., the line's total capacity is 650,000 passengers per day and trains make a scheduled stop of 20 seconds per station. The trains are made up of seven wagons, giving a nominal capacity of 1,300 seated and standing passengers. The maximum speed of the trains is 80km/h per hour, in practice tempered to an average 45km/h due to station stops, but 120km/h on the Airport branch, so travel time for the 49km (30miles) from Shahed - Bagher Shahr Metro Station (short Shahed station) to Parand is just 34 minutes.[3]
Line 1 runs mostly north–south, and from Shahed station has interchange platforms for its extension, sometimes in between termed as Metro Line 8, to Imam Khomeini International Airport completed in August 2017[3] and extended to Parand in December 2023.
First stage of the line was from Mirdamad station to Shahed station and opened in August 2001.[1] A 4.1km (02.5miles), three-station extension of the line from Mirdamad station to Qolhak opened on May 20, 2009; a 4km (02miles), four-stations second phase from Qolhak to Tajrish Square was completed in 2012.[4] Construction was to be completed by March 2007 but faced major issues due to large boulders and rock bed in part of the tunnels as well as water ingress/drainage issues. It also faced major financing issues as the government refused to release funds earmarked for the project to the municipality.
The line starts at the northern terminus of Shari'ati Street, Tajrish neighbourhood and runs south along Shari'ati Street for about 5km (03miles). It runs briefly more westward along Mirdamad Boulevard. After passing through Mirdamad Station, it resumes its normal axis, reaching Beheshti Station where it intersects with Line 3. It mirrors the course of Dr. Mofatteh Street and after intersecting with Line 4 at Darvazeh Dowlat Station, on Sa'adi Street it rapidly intersects with Line 2 at Imam Khomeini Station at Toopkhaneh. It again shifts briefly southwest along Khayyam Street. Past Shush Station, the line surfaces and continues south, passing through Rey, and Behesht-e Zahra, Kahrizak, reaching Shahr-e Aftab Metro Station at Shahed station.
Since April 2016 the 4km (02miles) branch from further platforms at Shahed - Bagher hahr Station to Shahr-e-Aftab Station opened, this new line was numbered 8 in the metro network. As line 8, it was extended by 26km (16miles) to Imam Khomeini Airport in August 2017.[3] With the inauguration of the 19km (12miles) long phase 3, the extension to Parand in December 2023, this whole airport branch was renumbered to line 1 again.[2]