Taylorilygus apicalis explained

Taylorilygus apicalis or broken-backed bug is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae.^[1]

Distribution

This species is widespread in most of Europe, in the Afrotropical realm, in the Australasian realm, in the Neotropical realm, in the Oriental realm, in North America and in Oceania.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Description

Taylorilygus apicalis can reach a length of about 4-. These very common bugs are usually light green, but may also be tan, with mainly brown outer wings and brown flecks on the inner wings. Wing tips appear bent down at 45° (hence the common name of broken-backed bugs). The eyes are white or light-colored.^[4] They show a very slender pronotal collar and an elaborately spined extra projection of the left paramere.^[5]

Biology

These plant bugs are polyphagous, but they mainly feed on Asteraceae species, Anthemis and Salix species.^[6] The broken-backed bugs are vectors of a phytoplasma-caused phyllody in species of Parthenium.^[7]

Bibliography

• Nishida, Gordon M., ed. (2002) Hawaiian Terrestrial Arthropod Checklist, 4th ed., Bishop Museum Technical Reports no. 22
• Roques A., Kenis M., Lees D., Lopez-Vaamonde C., Rabitsch W., Rasplus J.-Y., Roy D., eds. 2010. BioRisk 4 Special Issue; 2 vols., 1028 pp.
• Schuh, R.T. 2002–2013. On-line Systematic Catalog of Plant Bugs (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae).
• Schwartz, Michael D., and G. G. E. Scudder (2000) Miridae (Heteroptera) new to Canada, with some taxonomic changes, Journal of the New York Entomological Society, vol. 108, no. 3-4

Notes and References

1. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/details/species/id/6934135 Catalogue of life
2. https://web.archive.org/web/20161230231444/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=451912 Fauna europaea
3. http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Taylorilygus+apicalis Discover Life
4. http://www.austinbug.com/miridae2.html Austin Bug Collection
5. C. Eyles Introduced Mirinae of New Zealand (Hemiptera:Miridae)
6. http://bugguide.net/node/view/241817 Bug Guide
7. Tessema, T.; Obermeier, C.; Einhorn, G.; Seemüller, E.; Büttner, C. (2004). "Phyllody Disease of Parthenium Weed in Ethiopia" Pest Management Journal of Ethiopia. 8: 39–50.