Tata-box binding protein like 2 explained

TATA-box binding protein like 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBPL2 gene.[1] The TBPL2 protein is also known as TBP-related factor 3 (TRF3) and TATA binding protein 2 (TBP2). The protein was independently discovered in three laboratories as a vertebrate-specific family member of TATA-binding protein (TBP).[2] [3] [4] Orthologs have been identified in mouse, frog (Xenopus tropicalis) and fish (Danio rerio). Whereas the TBP gene is found in all eukaryotes, TBPL2 is only found in vertebrates.[5] [6]

Molecular properties

Similar to TBP, TBPL2 can bind to the TATA box. It interacts with other general transcription factors such as TFIIA and TFIIB and promotes transcription initiation in vitro. The core domain, which mediates this binding to DNA, shows 95% identity between TBP and TBPL2. The N-terminal domain of TBPL2 exhibits only limited homology to that of TBP.

Expression and function

Early reports mistakenly suggested a wide expression pattern of TBPL2. The main site of expression, however, is the oocyte, where it acts as a replacement factor for TBP.[7] [8] [9] Knockout mice are normal and viable, but females are not fertile in the absence of TBPL2 due to a defect in folliculogenesis. [10] TBPL2 has also been identified as a factor necessary to reprogram stem cells to oocytes.[11]

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Entrez Gene: TATA-box binding protein like 2. 2018-01-31.
  2. Persengiev SP, Zhu X, Dixit BL, Maston GA, Kittler EL, Green MR . TRF3, a TATA-box-binding protein-related factor, is vertebrate-specific and widely expressed . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 100 . 25 . 14887–91 . December 2003 . 14634207 . 10.1073/pnas.2036440100 . 299843 . 2003PNAS..10014887P . free .
  3. Bártfai R, Balduf C, Hilton T, Rathmann Y, Hadzhiev Y, Tora L, Orbán L, Müller F . 6 . TBP2, a vertebrate-specific member of the TBP family, is required in embryonic development of zebrafish . Current Biology . 14 . 7 . 593–8 . April 2004 . 15062100 . 10.1016/j.cub.2004.03.034 . 20128 . free .
  4. Jallow Z, Jacobi UG, Weeks DL, Dawid IB, Veenstra GJ . Specialized and redundant roles of TBP and a vertebrate-specific TBP paralog in embryonic gene regulation in Xenopus . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 101 . 37 . 13525–30 . September 2004 . 15345743 . 10.1073/pnas.0405536101 . 518790 . 2004PNAS..10113525J . free .
  5. Duttke SH . Evolution and diversification of the basal transcription machinery . Trends in Biochemical Sciences . 40 . 3 . 127–9 . March 2015 . 25661246 . 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.01.005 . 4410091 .
  6. Akhtar W, Veenstra GJ . TBP-related factors: a paradigm of diversity in transcription initiation . Cell & Bioscience . 1 . 1 . 23 . June 2011 . 21711503 . 10.1186/2045-3701-1-23 . 3142196 . free .
  7. Gazdag E, Rajkovic A, Torres-Paddilla ME, Tora L . Analysis of TATA-binding protein 2 (TBP2) and TBP expression suggests different roles for the two proteins in regulation of gene expression during oogenesis and early mouse development . Reproduction . 134 . 1 . 51–62 . July 2007 . 17641088. 10.1530/REP-06-0337. free .
  8. Akhtar W, Veenstra GJ . TBP2 is a substitute for TBP in Xenopus oocyte transcription . BMC Biology . 7 . 45 . August 2009 . 19650908 . 10.1186/1741-7007-7-45. 2731028 . free .
  9. Yu C, Cvetesic N, Hisler V, Gupta K, Ye T, Gazdag E, Negroni L, Hajkova P, Berger I, Lenhard B, Müller F, Vincent SD, Tora L . TBPL2/TFIIA complex establishes the maternal transcriptome through oocyte-specific promoter usage . Nature Communications . 11 . 1 . 6439 . 22 December 2020 . 33353944 . 10.1038/s41467-020-20239-4 . 7755920 . 2020NatCo..11.6439Y . free .
  10. Gazdag E, Santenard A, Ziegler-Birling C, Altobelli G, Poch O, Tora L, Torres-Padilla ME . TBP2 is essential for germ cell development by regulating transcription and chromatin condensation in the oocyte . Genes & Development . 23 . 18 . 2210–2223 . September 2009 . 19759265 . 10.1101/gad.535209. 2751983 . free .
  11. Hamazaki N, Kyogoku H, Araki H, Miura F, Horikawa C, Hamada N, Shimamoto S, Hikabe O, Nakashima K, Kitajima T, Ito T, Leitch HG, Hayashi K . Reconstitution of the oocyte transcriptional network with transcription factors . Nature . December 2020 . 589 . 7841 . 264–269 . 33328630 . 10.1038/s41586-020-3027-9. 229293175 . 10044/1/86296 . free .

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Tata-box binding protein like 2".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.