Book: American Beetles, Volume II: Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. 2002. Opitz . Weston. Arnett . Ross H. Jr.. Thomas . Michael C.. Skelley . Paul E.. Frank . J. Howard. CRC Press. Family 73: Cleridae Latreille, 1804. 267–280. 978-0-8493-0954-0.