Tarn Taran district explained

Tarn Taran district
Settlement Type:District of Punjab
Coordinates:31.46°N 74.93°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name1:Punjab
Subdivision Name2:Majha
Named For:Pool of salvation
Seat Type:Headquarters
Seat:Tarn Taran Sahib
Leader Title:Administrator of District
Leader Name:Harmesh Singh Pabla
Unit Pref:Metric
Area Total Km2:2,414
Population Total:1,119,627
Population As Of:2011
Population Density Km2:auto
Demographics Type1:Languages
Demographics1 Title1:Official
Timezone1:IST
Utc Offset1:+5:30
Blank1 Name Sec1:Literacy
Blank1 Info Sec1:69.4%
Demographics1 Info1:Punjabi

Tarn Taran district is one of the districts in the Majha region of Punjab, India. The main cities are Tarn Taran Sahib, Bhikhiwind, Khadur Sahib and Patti. The City of Tarn Taran Sahib is a holy place for Sikhs. Tarn Taran's Sikh population makes it the most heavily concentrated district of Sikhs in India and the world.

Tarn Taran district was formed in 2006 out of Amritsar District. The declaration to this effect was made by Captain Amarinder Singh, Chief Minister of Punjab, during the celebrations marking the martyrdom day of Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji. With this, it became the 19th district of Punjab. It has four tehsils, which are Bhikhiwind, Patti, Khadur Sahib and Tarn Taran Sahib. The District Headquarters is headed by the Deputy Commissioner, along with a Senior Superintendent of Police, Civil Surgeon, district Education Officer, Improvement Trust and a Municipal Council. The district judiciary is headed by the District and Session Judge, aided by several Additional District and Sessions Judges, the Chief Judicial Magistrate, and other officials.

Location

Tarn Taran is located in the state of Punjab, in far northern India. It is surrounded by district of Amritsar in the north, district Kapurthala in the east, district Ferozepur in the south and Pakistan in the west.[1]

Coordinates

Taran taran district lies between 31 0 05’, and 31 0 30’ 05 north latitude 74 0 30’ and 75 0 15’ 05“ east longitudes. The area falls in Survey Of India topo sheet Nos 44-I & 44-M.[2]

History

The foundation of Tarn Taran city was laid by fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjan Dev in 1596. The area of Tarn Taran Sahib was under the control of the Bhangi Misl ruled by a powerful Sikh family of Dhillon clan from 1716 to 1810.[3]

During the 1965 India–Pakistan war, the town of Khem Karan was captured by the Pakistan army during early September 1965. The Pakistani forces were later defeated during the battle of Asal Uttar, that was fought from 8 to 10 September. At that time, it was the largest tank battle since the Second World War.[4] [5] [6] Khem Karan remained under Pakistani occupation for about six months till the signing of Tashkent agreement between India and Pakistan on 10 January 1966.[7]

During the war, the people of the area had to leave their houses and go far away. Many houses, crops and railway tracks were destroyed. In the areas occupied by Pakistan, many houses were looted by Pakistani troops and civilians. Even the doors and windows were also removed.[8]

During the Insurgency in Punjab, India, Tarn Taran was the stronghold of the most well-funded and heavily armed groups of the Khalistan movement. Several key separatist leaders trace their origins to Tarn Taran, including but not limited to Sukhdev Singh Babbar, co-founder of Babbar Khalsa, Avtar Singh Brahma, co-founder of the Khalistan Liberation Force, Labh Singh of the Khalistan Commando Force, and Gurbachan Singh Manochahal founder of the Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Tarn Taran district has a population of 1,119,627,[9] roughly equal to the nation of Cyprus[10] or the US state of Rhode Island.[11] This gives it a ranking of 413th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 464PD/sqkm. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.28%. Tarn Taran has a sex ratio of 898 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 69.4%. Scheduled Castes made up 33.71% of the population.

Religion

The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Tarn Taran district.

Absolute numbers of different religious groups in Tarn Taran district[12] !Religion!Urban (2022)!Rural (2022)!!Urban (2001)!!Rural (2001)
Sikh1,63,97610,15,8761,04,7289,40,175
Hindu44,87612,78634,14626,358
Christian1,7102,5351,6754,420
Muslim5604,6584955,051
Other religions9202,9807513,519

Tarn Taran district has the highest % share of Sikhs among all the districts of Punjab followed by Moga district (as of 2011 census).[13]

Health

As of 2018, the number of registered doctors in Taran Taran district were 84 and registered nurses were 3,378.[14] [15] That means that the average population served per doctor in the district was 15,210 in that year, which was the highest in the state.[16]

The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Taran Taran, as of year 2020.

District nutrition profile of children under 5 years of age in Taran Taran, year 2020[17] !Indicators!!Number of children (<5 years)!! Percent (2020)!! Percent (2016)
Stunted22,37224%23%
Wasted10,62611%10%
Severely wasted3,4264%4%
Underweight13,52514%14%
Overweight/obesity4,2545%3%
Anemia59,64071%53%
Total children94,120

The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Taran Taran of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020.

District nutritional profile of Taran Taran of women of 15-49 years, in 2020[18] !Indicators!!Number of women (15-49 years)!! Percent (2020)!!Percent (2016)
Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2)43,75613%14%
Overweight/obesity136,62439%30%
Hypertension109,00531%18%
Diabetes42,70612%NA
Anemia (non-preg)216,50662%47%
Anemia (preg)NANA34%
Total women (preg)18,109
Total women350,049

The table below shows the current use of family planning methods by currently married women between the age of 15 and 49 years, in Taran Taran district.

Family planning methods used by women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, in Taran Taran district[19] !Method!!Total (2015–16)!!Rural (2015–16)
Female sterilization49.6%50.2%
Male sterilization0.8%0.9%
IUD/PPIUD7.1%8.1%
Pill1.9%1.7%
Condom17.3%15.9%
Any modern method76.8%76.9%
Any method80.8%80.3%
Total unmet need3.5%3.8%
Unmet need for spacing1.6%1.8%

Economy

As of 2014-15, there were 452 registered Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) units in the Taran Taran district, which provided employment to 2,717 people. There were 6 Medium and Large industrial units, which provided employment to 609 people.[20]

Politics

Kashmir Singh Sohal from Aam Admi Party is the MLA from Tarn Taran Assembly Constituency. He was elected in 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election.[21]

No.ConstituencyName of MLAPartyBench
21Sri Tarn Taran SahibDr. Kashmir Singh SohalGovernment
22KhemkaranSarvan Singh DhunGovernment
23 PattiLaljit Singh BhullarGovernment
24 Sri Khadoor SahibManjinder Singh LalpuraGovernment

Transport

Air

There is no commercial airport in the district. The nearest airport is Amritsar International Airport. Direct International flights are available to key cities around the world in the likes of London, Birmingham, Dubai, Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, Doha, Tashkent and Ashgabat. Domestic connections are available to almost every major city of India.

Rail

The rail network provides good connectivity across the district. Amritsar-Khemkaran and Beas-Tarn Taran railway lines pass through Tarn Taran district. Tarn Taran Junction railway station provides cross connectivity between these two lines. A new project of rail line from Patti to Makhu has been approved by railways since 2013 but not started till date due to delay by state government on land acquisition.[22]

Road

The district is well connected through national highways to rest of Punjab state and nationally. Following national highways pass through the district.

Towns and villages

The villages and towns of Tarn Taran District include:

Notable people

See also

References

http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_327.gif

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: History | Welcome to District Tarn Taran,Govt. Of Punjab | India .
  2. Web site: History | Welcome to District Tarn Taran,Govt. Of Punjab | India .
  3. Web site: History | Welcome to District Tarn Taran,Govt. Of Punjab | India .
  4. Web site: Battle of Asal Uttar 1965: Annihilation of the Pak Army – Times of India., by SD Pradhan, September 8, 2022
  5. Web site: Battle of Asal Uttar: When Indian troops took on mighty Pattons of Pakistan and won . September 10, 2021 . www.firstpost.com . Firstpost . June 22, 2024 .
  6. Web site: Big Picture: Key Battles – Memorials, war stories keep Asal Uttar alive . August 23, 2015 . The Indian Express. Man Aman Singh Chhina . June 22, 2024 .
  7. Web site: TRANSFORMATION AND DYNAMICS: A SOCIAL HISTORY OF KHEM KARAN TOWN-A STUDY AFTER 1965 INDO-PAK WAR . Dr.Ashwani Kumar. www.academia.edu. History Research Journal. Volume: 29, Issue: 06, No.3, November – December : 2023.
  8. Web site: INDO-PAK WAR 1965: A STUDY OF KHEM KARAN TOWN OF PUNJAB. Dr.Ashwani Kumar. History Research Journal. www.academia.edu . June 22, 2024 . Volume: 29, Issue: 01, January – February : 2023.
  9. Web site: District Census Hand Book – Tarn Taran . . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  10. Web site: US Directorate of Intelligence . Country Comparison:Population . https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html . dead . 13 June 2007 . 2011-10-01 . Cyprus 1,120,489, July 2011 est..
  11. Web site: 2010 Resident Population Data. U. S. Census Bureau. 2011-09-30. Rhode Island 1,052,567.
  12. Web site: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 .
  13. https://tarntaran.nic.in
  14. Web site: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 .
  15. Web site: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 .
  16. Web site: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 .
  17. https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Tarn%20Taran-Punjab.pdf
  18. https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2022-07/Tarn%20Taran-Punjab.pdf
  19. "National Family Health Survey - 42015 -16, District Fact Sheet, Gurdaspur", Punjab, Page 2, http://rchiips.org/nfhs/FCTS/PB/PB_FactSheet_50_Tarn%20Taran.pdf
  20. "Brief Industrial Profile of District TARN-TARAN", MSME - DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE, Ministry of MSME, Page 6, Table 3.2, https://msmedildh.gov.in/Profiles%25202016/TARN%2520TARAN_16.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwj81qPXgu2FAxXKRWcHHf8RB3cQFnoECCwQAQ&usg=AOvVaw2fndWkz1J2kP-ci-Cs4Tci
  21. News: Punjab Assembly: 12 doctors make it to House . 14 March 2022 . Tribuneindia News Service . en.
  22. News: 22 June 2020. Patti-Makhu rail link hanging fire for 7 years. The Hindustan Times. 2 September 2020.
  23. News: 17 October 2019. Kapurthala-Taran Taran road declared as NH- 703 A A named as Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji Marg. All India Radio News. 2 September 2020.