Islamabad Capital Territory Explained

Official Name:Islamabad Capital Territory
Settlement Type:Federal territory of Pakistan
Shield Link:Mushtaq Ahmed
Coordinates:33.7375°N 73.1475°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: Pakistan
Established Title:Established
Established Date:[1]
Seat Type:Capital
Seat:Islamabad
Blank Name Sec1:HDI (2021)
Blank Info Sec1:0.804[2]
Blank1 Name Sec1:Literacy rate (2022)
Blank1 Info Sec1:96%
Blank2 Name Sec1:Seats in National Assembly
Blank2 Info Sec1:3
Blank Name Sec2:Zones
Blank Info Sec2:5[3]
Blank3 Name Sec2:Sectors
Blank3 Info Sec2:81
Blank4 Name Sec2:Union Councils
Blank4 Info Sec2:50
Governing Body:ICT Administration
Leader Title:Chief Commissioner
Leader Name:Imran Khan(PAS) [4]
Leader Title1:Deputy Commissioner
Leader Name1:Irfan Nawaz Memon
Leader Title2:Chairman CDA
Leader Name2:Amer Ali Ahmed[5]
Leader Title3:High Court
Leader Name3:Islamabad High Court
Area Footnotes:[6]
Area Total Km2:906.50
Elevation Min M:490
Population Total:2,400,000 (2024)
Population Footnotes:[7]
Population Urban:1,108,872
Postal Code Type:Postcode
Postal Code:44000
Area Code:051
Iso Code:PK-IS
Blank5 Name Sec1:Main language(s)
Blank6 Name Sec1:Notable sports teams
Blank6 Info Sec1:Islamabad United, Islamabad Jinns
Website:www.ictadministration.gov.pk/
Elevation Max M:1500
Elevation Max Ft:5000
Timezone:PKT
Utc Offset:+05:00
Demographics Type1:GDP
Demographics1 Title1:Federal territory of Pakistan
Demographics1 Info1:$12.8 billion (2024)
Demographics1 Title2:Per capita
Native Name Lang:ur
Pushpin Map:Pakistan Islamabad Capital Territory

The Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT; Urdu: {{Nastaliq|وفاقی دارالحکومت) is the only federal territory of Pakistan that is centred around Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. Located on the northern edge of the Pothohar Plateau and at the foot of the Margalla Hills, in the northwestern area of the Punjab region, the territory shares borders with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the west and with the province of Punjab in the remaining directions. It covers an area of 906.5km2 and according to the 2023 national census, has a population of over 1 million in the city proper, while over 2 million in the whole territory. The territory is represented in the National Assembly by NA-52, NA-53, and NA-54 constituencies and by four seats in the Senate.

History

In 1960, land was transferred from Rawalpindi District of Punjab province to replace Karachi Federal Capital Territory and establish Pakistan's new capital. According to the 1960s master plan, the Capital Territory included Rawalpindi, and was to be composed of the following parts:[8]

However, Rawalpindi was eventually excluded from the Islamabad master plan in the 1980s.

Administration

Zones

Islamabad is subdivided into five zones:[9] [10]

Sectors

See main article: Sectors of Islamabad.

Union councils

Islamabad Capital Territory comprises urban and rural areas. The rural consists of 23 union councils, comprising 133 villages, while urban has 27 union councils.[11]

Union Councils of Islamabad Capital Territory
UC #Chief localityLocalities within jurisdiction
1SaidpurSaid Pur, Gokina, Talhar
2Noorpur ShahanNoorpur Shahan, Ratta Hutar
3Mal PurMal Pur, Romali, Nariyas, Phadu, Shahdrah Khurd, Shahdrah Kalan, Mandala, Jang Begial, Subban Syedan, Mangial, Quaid-e-Azam University
4Kot Hathial (Shamal)Kot Hathial, Bhara Kahu, Nayiabadi, Muhallah Alnoor, Muhallah Ban, Muhallah Malkan, Dhok Syedan
5Kot Hathial (Janoob)Kot Hathial, Nainsukh, Barakahu, Behra Syedan, Muhallah Ghousia, Sharak-e-Madina, Dhok Jilani, Muhallah Malikabad
6PhulgranPhulgran, Phul Garan, Dhok Kuch, Abbasiabad, Dhok Badhan, Muhallah Kangar, Mahallah Ranjpuran, Shahpur, Bobry, Karlot Chattar, Mohra Rajpoota, Muhallah Sumbul, Bani Gala
7Pind BegwalPind Begwal, Bainala, Maira Biguwal, Atthal, Dhok Sajjal, Dhok Nanda Sihali, Jandala, Simli
8TumairTumair, Pihont, Chakhtan, Darkalam, Kanjnah
9CharahCharah, Dhok Maira, Dhok Las, Kiani, Dhok Haveli
10KirpaKirpa, Ladhiot Syedan, Pind Malikan, Dhok Ban, Bhimbar Tarar, Mahallah Haveli Rajgan, Mehfozabad, Chaniol, Muhallah Chaudrian, Ara, Gora Mast, Dhok Jogian Harnu, Chauntra Sogran
11MughalMughal, Hardoghar, Kangota Gujjran Sihala, Hondamial, Nara Syedan, Chuchkal Chakiyan, Chak Kamdar
12RawatRawat, Bhangrial Kalan, Banni Saran, Mohra Nagial, Sawan, Bagga Shaikhan
13HumakHumak, Kaniyal, Gora Syedan, Niazian
14SihalaSihala Khurd, Maira Dakhli, Bhandar Sihala, Jarki Sihala, Gagri Sihala, Jhundla, Kangota Syedan, Gura Mistriyan
15Lohi BhairLohi Bhar, Shahrak-e-Korang, Bagh-e-Sawan, Shahrak-e-Pakistan
16DarwalaDarwala, Dhaliala, Panwal, Chucha Sheikhiyan, Bhair, Kanghar, Sher Ghamial, Dhok Kavgar, Kathrial, Chucha, Dhok Kashimiriya, Harn maira, Malali, Bun koutha, Pahg Panwal, Farash, Bangiyal
17KoralKoral, Tarlai Khurd, Gangal, Chaklala, Shareefabad, Gohra Sardar, Tarlai
18Khana DakKhana Dak, Dhok Jabba, Pindorian, Shahrak-e-Bilal, Shahrak-e-Barma, Shahrak-e-Madina, Muhallah Wahid Abad, Shahrak-e-Masih)
19Tarlai KalanTarlai Kalan, Irfanabad, Chappar Meer Khanal, Sahana
20Ali PurAli Pur, Alipur,Jhang Syedan,Partal, Khadrapar, Farash,
21SohanSohan Dehati, Khana Kak, Shakrial, Shakrial (Sharki)
22Chak ShahzadChak Shahzad, Chak Bihra Shigh, Jaba Teli, Sohana, Pandori, Chhatta Bakhtawar, Bohan, Dhoke Sharaf, Mujuhan
23KuriKuri, Malot, Rakh Bani Gala, Rihara, Mohra Jujan
24Shahrak-e-RawalShahrak-e-Rawal, Shahrak-e-Margala, Sumbal Korakh, Puna Faqeeran, Mohrian
25Sector F-6F-6/1, F-6/2, F-6/3, F-6/4, Farooqi Bazar, Madni Masjid, Dhobi Gat
26Sector G-6/1
27Sector G-6Sector G-6/2, Sector G-6/3 & Sector G-6/4
28Sector F-7, F-8, F-9
29Sector F-10, F-11
30Sector G-7/3, G-7/4
31Sector G-7/1, G-7/2
32Sector G-8/3, G-8/4
33Sector G-8/1, G-8/2
34Sector G-9Sector G-9/1, G-9/3, G-9/4
35Sector G-9/2
36Sector G-10/3, G-10/4
37Sector G-10/1, G-10/2
38Sector G-11Sector G-11/1, G-11/2, G-11/3, G-11/4
39Maira Sumbal JaffarMaira Sumbal Jaffar, Golra Sharif, Badia Rusmat Khan, Maira Akku, Dhareek Mohri, Shahrak-e-Effaq
40G-13
40Sector I-8Sector I-8/1,I8/2,I8/3,I8/4
41Sector I-9
42Sector I-10/1
43Sector I-10Sector I-10/2, I-10/3, I-10/4
44BokraBokra, Haji Complex, Soria Harboza, Mouza Sorain, Peer Wadhai, Shahrak-e-Iqbal
45Jhangi Saydan
46Village NoonBadhana Kalan, Dhoke Makhan, ETC
47Tarnol
48Sarai Kharbooza
49
50Golra Sharif

Climate

See main article: Climate of Islamabad.

Seasons

The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa), with five seasons: winter (November–February), spring (March and April), summer (May and June), rainy monsoon (July and August), and autumn (September and October).

Temperatures

The temperatures range from 13C in January to 38C in June. The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38C, while the coolest month is January. The highest recorded temperature was 46.6C on 23 June 2005 while the lowest temperature was -6C on 17 January 1967.[12] [13] Winters generally feature dense fog in the mornings and sunny afternoons. In the city, temperatures stay mild, with snowfall over the higher elevations points on nearby hill stations, notably Murree and Nathia Gali.

Precipitation

The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfalls and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst and flooding. Highest monthly rainfall of 743.3mm was recorded during July 1995.[14] On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620mm of rainfall in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Islamabad in the past 100 years and the highest rainfall in 24 hours as well.[15] [16] The city has also experienced snowfall on a number of occasions.Islamabad's micro-climate is regulated by three artificial reservoirs: Rawal, Simli, and Khanpur Dam. The latter is located on the Haro River near the town of Khanpur, about from Islamabad. Simli Dam is north of Islamabad.

Vegetation

Around of the city consists of the Margalla Hills National Park, while the Loi Bher Forest is situated along the Islamabad Highway, covering an area of .[17]

Cityscape

Civic administration

See also: ICT Administration and Capital Development Authority (Islamabad).

The main administrative authority of the city is Islamabad Capital Territory Administration with some help from Metropolitan Corporation Islamabad and Capital Development Authority (CDA), which oversees the planning, development, construction, and administration of the city. Islamabad Capital Territory is divided into eight zones: Administrative Zone, Commercial District, Educational Sector, Industrial Sector, Diplomatic Enclave, Residential Areas, Rural Areas and Green Area.

Islamabad city is divided into five major zones: Zone I, Zone II, Zone III, Zone IV, and Zone V. Out of these, Zone IV is the largest in area. All sectors of Ghouri Town (1, 2, 3, VIP, 5, 4-A, 4-B, 4-C, 5-A, 5-B and sector 7) are located in this zone. Zone I consists mainly of all the developed residential sectors, while Zone II consists of the under-developed residential sectors. Each residential sector is identified by a letter of the alphabet and a number, and covers an area of approximately 4 square kilometres. The sectors are lettered from A to I, and each sector is divided into four numbered sub-sectors.[18]

Sectors

Series A, B, and C are still underdeveloped. The D series has seven sectors (D-11 to D-17), of which only sector D-12 is completely developed. This series is located at the foot of Margalla Hills.[19] The E Sectors are named from E-7 to E-17. Many foreigners and diplomatic personnel are housed in these sectors.[19] In the revised Master Plan of the city, CDA has decided to develop a park on the pattern of Fatima Jinnah Park in sector E-14. Sectors E-8 and E-9 contain the campuses of Bahria University, Air University, and the National Defence University.[20] [21] [22] The F and G series contains the most developed sectors. F series contains sectors F-5 to F-17; some sectors are still under-developed. F-5 is an important sector for the software industry in Islamabad, as the two software technology parks are located here. The entire F-9 sector is covered with Fatima Jinnah Park. The Centaurus complex will be one of the major landmarks of the F-8 sector.[19] G sectors are numbered G-5 through G-17. Some important places include the Jinnah Convention Center and Serena Hotel in G-5, the Red Mosque in G-6, and the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, the largest medical complex in the capital, located in G-8.[19]

The H sectors are numbered H-8 through H-17. The H sectors are mostly dedicated to educational and health institutions. National University of Sciences and Technology covers a major portion of sector H-12.[19] The I sectors are numbered from I-8 to I-18. With the exception of I-8, which is a well-developed residential area, these sectors are primarily part of the industrial zone. Currently two sub-sectors of I-9 and one sub-sector of I-10 are used as industrial areas. CDA is planning to set up Islamabad Railway Station in Sector I-18 and Industrial City in sector I-17.[19] Zone III consists primarily of the Margalla Hills and Margalla Hills National Park. Rawal Lake is in this zone. Zone IV and V consist of Islamabad Park, and rural areas of the city. The Soan River flows into the city through Zone V.

Demographics

According to the 2017 Census, Islamabad had an estimated population of 1,014,825.[23]

Language

Before the establishment of Islamabad, the area was almost entirely inhabited by tribal Punjabi population, who mostly spoke their native Punjabi language's Pothwari dialect.[24]

After Islamabad's establishment, people from all around Pakistan shifted here which led to a diverse demographics. But, Punjabis still constitute the single largest ethnic population in the territory.

Religion

Islam is the largest and most practiced religion in the territory, with over 95% of the population adhering to the faith. Christianity is the second largest religion and forms 4.2% of the population. Ahmedis make up 0.11%. Other minorities, like Sikhs and Hindus, form just 0.08% combined.

Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area

See main article: Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area.

See also: List of places in Islamabad. When the master plan for Islamabad was drawn up in 1960, Islamabad and Rawalpindi, along with the adjoining areas, was to be integrated to form a large metropolitan area called Islamabad/Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area. The area would consist of the developing Islamabad, the old colonial cantonment city of Rawalpindi, and Margalla Hills National Park, including surrounding rural areas.[25] [26] However, Islamabad city is part of the Islamabad Capital Territory, while Rawalpindi is part of Rawalpindi District, which is part of province of Punjab.[27]

Economy

See main article: Economy of Islamabad. Islamabad is a net contributor to the Pakistani economy, as whilst having only 0.8% of the country's population, it contributes 1% to the country's GDP.[28] Islamabad Stock Exchange, founded in 1989, is Pakistan's third largest stock exchange after Karachi Stock Exchange and Lahore Stock Exchange.[29] The exchange has 118 members with 104 corporate bodies and 18 individual members. The average daily turnover of the stock exchange is over 1 million shares.[30] As of 2012, Islamabad LTU (Large Tax Unit) was responsible for Rs 371 billion in tax revenue, which amounts to 20% of all the revenue collected by Federal Board of Revenue.[31]

Islamabad has seen an expansion in information and communications technology with the addition two Software Technology Parks, which house numerous national and foreign technological and information technology companies. The tech parks are located in Evacuee Trust Complex and Awami Markaz. Awami Markaz houses 36 IT companies while Evacuee Trust house 29 companies.[32] Call centres for foreign companies have been targeted as another significant area of growth, with the government making efforts to reduce taxes by as much as 10% to encourage foreign investments in the information technology sector. Most of Pakistan's state-owned companies like PIA, PTV, PTCL, OGDCL, and Zarai Taraqiati Bank Ltd. are based in Islamabad. Headquarters of all major telecommunication operators such as PTCL, Mobilink, Telenor, Ufone, and China Mobile are located in Islamabad. Being an expensive city, the prices of most of fruits, vegetable and poultry items increased in Islamabad during the year 2015-2020[33]

Tourism

See main article: Tourism in Islamabad Capital Territory.

Transport

See main article: Transport in Islamabad.

Airport

Islamabad is connected to major destinations around the world through the Islamabad International Airport. The airport is the largest in Pakistan, handling 9 million passengers per annum. The airport was built at a cost of $400 million and opened on 3 May 2018, replacing the former Benazir Bhutto International Airport. It is the first greenfield airport in Pakistan with an area of 3600acres.[34]

Metrobus

The Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus is a 241NaN1 bus rapid transit system that serves the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad in Pakistan. It uses dedicated bus lanes for all of its route covering 24 bus stations. Islamabad is well connected with other parts of the country through car rental services such as Alvi Transport Network and Pakistan Car Rentals.

Motorways

All major cities and towns are accessible through regular trains and bus services running mostly from the neighbouring city of Rawalpindi. Lahore and Peshawar are linked to Islamabad through a network of motorways, which has significantly reduced travelling times between these cities. M-2 Motorway is 367km (228miles) long and connect Islamabad and Lahore.[35] M-1 Motorway connects Islamabad with Peshawar and is 155km (96miles) long. Islamabad is linked to Rawalpindi through the Faizabad Interchange, which has a daily traffic volume of about 48,000 vehicles.[36]

Education

Islamabad has the highest literacy rate of Pakistan at 95%.[37] Islamabad also has some of Pakistan's major universities, including Quaid-i-Azam University, the International Islamic University, and the National University of Sciences and Technology and Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Private School Network Islamabad is working for private educational institutions. The president of PSN is Dr. Muhammad Afzal Babur from Bhara Kahu. PSN is divided into eight zones in Islamabad. In Tarlai Zone Chaudhary Faisal Ali from Faisal Academy Tarlai Kalan is Zonal General Sectary of PSN.

Quaid-e-Azam University has several faculties. The institute is located in a semi-hilly area, east of the Secretariat buildings and near the base of Margalla Hills. This Post-Graduate institute is spread over 1705acres. The nucleus of the campus has been designed as an axial spine with a library as its center.Other universities include the following:[38]

Sports

Islamabad United became the first ever team to win Pakistan Super League in 2016.[39] And now the federal team Is participating in the Pakistan Cup.

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: McGarr, Paul . 2013 . The Cold War in South Asia: Britain, the United States and the Indian Subcontinent, 1945-1965 . Cambridge University Press. 9781107008151 .
  2. Web site: Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab. hdi.globaldatalab.org. en. 18 August 2021.
  3. Web site: Facts & Statistics - Islamabad.
  4. News: Major shuffle in top bureaucracy on ECP direction. 19 August 2023. 20 August 2023. Dawn (newspaper).
  5. Web site: Board Members - CDA . Capital Development Authority . 15 March 2022.
  6. Web site: CDA Facts & Figures. 24 November 2023.
  7. Web site: Announcement of Results of 7th Population and Housing Census-2023 . 5 August 2023 . Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (www.pbs.gov.pk) . 24 November 2023.
  8. Book: Vinayak Bharne. The Emerging Asian City: Concomitant Urbanities and Urbanisms. 2013. Routledge. 978-0-415-52597-8. 131.
  9. Web site: Federal Territory. HIKEPK. 3 February 2019.
  10. Web site: Capital Development Authority . 2022-07-12 . www.cda.gov.pk.
  11. http://www.ictadministration.gov.pk/ Islamabad Capital Territory Administration
  12. Web site: 13 June 2010 . Best Housing Societies in Islamabad to Invest in 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100613053217/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Islamabad_Climate_Data.txt . 13 June 2010 . 15 January 2012.
  13. Web site: Average Conditions, Islamabad, Pakistan . 25 September 2009.
  14. Web site: Climate Records: Islamabad . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120112060839/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/extrems/islamabad.htm . 12 January 2012 . 14 January 2012.
  15. Web site: Severe Storms on dated 23rd July 2001 Islamabad, Pakistan . Abdul Hameed, Director Pakistan Meteorological Department.
  16. Web site: 6 August 2001 . Weather Log – July 21–31, 2001 . National Climatic Data Center.
  17. Web site: Urban growth monitoring along Islamabad Highway. GIS Development.
  18. Book: Government of Paper: The Materiality of Bureaucracy in Urban Pakistan. University of California Press. 978-0520272156. Matthew S. Hull. 1st. 4 July 2012. 50. 5 June 2012.
  19. Web site: The Idea of Islamabad. TheIslamabad.com. 10 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20090910064024/http://www.theislamabad.com/. 10 September 2009. dead.
  20. Web site: Official website. Bahria University. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20100301122834/http://www.bci.edu.pk/index.aspx. 1 March 2010.
  21. Web site: Official website. Air University.
  22. Web site: Official website. National Defence University.
  23. Web site: PROVISIONAL SUMMARY RESULTS OF 6TH POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS-2017. pbs.gov.pk. 25 November 2017. 10 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190110043828/http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/provisional-summary-results-6th-population-and-housing-census-2017-0. dead.
  24. A Gazetteer of Rawalpindi District Part A 1907
  25. Book: Engineering Earth: The Impacts of Megaengineering Projects. Springer. 978-9048199198. https://books.google.com/books?id=mEyjMx7EV8IC&pg=PA1041. Dulyapak Preecharushh. 1st. Stanley D. Brunn. 4 July 2012. 1041. Myanmar's New Capital City of Naypyidaw. 6 April 2011.
  26. Web site: Muhammad. Planning of Islamabad and Rawalpindi.
  27. Sheikh. Iqbal M.. Van S. Williams . S. Qamer Raza . Kanwar S.A. Khan . Environmental Geology of the Islamabad-Rawalpindi Area, Northern Pakistan. Regional Studies of the Potwar Plateau Area, Northern Pakistan. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.
  28. Web site: Pakistan | Economics and extremism . Dawn . 5 January 2010 . 2 June 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100108132730/http://www.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/news/pakistan/19-economics-and-extremism-hh-04 . 8 January 2010 .
  29. Web site: Pakistan Stock Exchanges. 10 October 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20100228091222/http://www.ostamyy.com/stock-exchanges/Pakistan.htm. 28 February 2010. dead.
  30. Web site: About ISE. ISE-Official website. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110617005524/http://www.ise.com.pk/About_ISE/AboutISE.asp. 17 June 2011.
  31. Web site: Rs 371bn revenue target: FBR hails LTU Islamabad's performance. Business Recorder. 5 July 2012. 9 July 2012.
  32. Web site: Islamabad . Pakistan Software Export Board . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100505124938/http://www.pseb.org.pk/item/stp_islamabad . 5 May 2010 .
  33. Web site: Retail Prices of Vegetables, Fruits and Poultry in Islamabad from 2015-2020. Deliver It - Online Grocery Store in Islamabad.. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20200414115718/https://deliverit.pk/price-trends/. 14 April 2020. 7 September 2020.
  34. Web site: New Islamabad International Airport's Passenger Terminal Building. CPG Corporation. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20071121051750/http://www.cpgcorp.com.sg/press/view_press.asp?Lang=EN&quarter=1&PRID=409. 21 November 2007.
  35. Web site: Motorway's of Pakistan. National Highway Authority Pakistan.
  36. Web site: Faizabad Interchange. NESPAK. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110810092226/http://www.nespak.com.pk/services/viewPic.asp?sector=3&id=13. 10 August 2011.
  37. Web site: LITERACY-POPULATION 10 YEARS AND OLDER . 28 September 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20101113174308/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/fbs/statistics/pslm_prov2006-07/2.14a.pdf . 13 November 2010 .
  38. http://www.hec.gov.pk/ourinstitutes/pages/default.aspx HEC recognized Universities
  39. Web site: ARY Digital Network President Salman Iqbal congratulates Islamabad United over winning PSL. arynews.tv. 24 February 2016. 24 February 2016.