Taractrocera ceramas explained

Taractrocera ceramas, commonly known as the Tamil grass dart, is a species of butterfly belonging to the family Hesperiidae.^[1] It is found from the Western Ghats to Mumbai, in the hills of southern India, in northeast India to northern Burma and in south-eastern China.^{[2] [3] [4]}

Subspecies

• Taractrocera ceramas nicevillei Watson, 1893 (Maharashtra)
• Taractrocera ceramas oberthuri Elwes & Edwards, 1897 (Anaimalai Hills, Tamil Nadu)
• Taractrocera ceramas atropunctata^[5] Watson, 1896 (north-eastern India, northern Burma)
• Taractrocera ceramas ceramas^[1] (Nilgiris, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, part of Karnataka)
• Taractrocera ceramas media^[6] Evans, 1934 (Uttara Kannada, Goa)
• Taractrocera ceramas thelma^[6] Evans, 1934 (Kwang Si, China)

Notes and References

1. Book: E. Y., Watson. Hesperiidae Indicae : being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon. Vest and Company. 1891. Madras. 63.
2. Book: Varshney. R.. Smetacek. P.. A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India.. Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal and Indinov Publishing. New Delhi. 60–61. 2015.
3. Web site: R. de Jong . Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Taractrocera Butler, 1870 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae), an example of Southeast Asian-Australian interchange . PDF . 395 . 14 September 2017 .
4. Web site: Taractrocera ceramas Hewitson, 1868 – Tawny-spotted Grass Dart . Butterflies of India . Indian Foundation for Butterflies . 14 September 2017 .
5. Book: Watson. The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. Bombay Natural History Society. 1896. 10 . Mumbai. 150, 676.
6. Book: W. H., Evans. A Catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. 1949. London. 358–360.