Tanyderidae Explained

Tanyderidae, sometimes called primitive crane flies, are long, thin, delicate flies with spotted wings, superficially similar in appearance to some Tipulidae, Trichoceridae, and Ptychopteridae. Most species are restricted in distribution. They are found in many parts of the world, including North America, South America, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and various islands in the Pacific Ocean. Adults are usually found hanging from vegetation near streams. Larvae are found either in sandy stream margins or in wet, rotten wood. Fossil species are known.

Taxonomy

Based on^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

• Nannotanyderinae
  • †Coramus
    • Coramus gedanensis Baltic amber, Eocene 37.2 - 33.9 Ma
  • †Dacochile Poinar & Brown, 2004
    • Dacochile microsoma, Burmese amber, Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian), 99 Ma
  • †Nannotanyderus
    • Nannotanyderus ansorgei Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous (Barremian), 130-125 Ma
    • Nannotanyderus grimmenensis "Green Series", Germany, Early Jurassic (Toarcian) 183 - 182 Ma
    • Nannotanyderus incertus Shar-Teg, Mongolia, Late Jurassic (Tithonian), 150.8 - 145.5 Ma
    • Nannotanyderus krzeminskii "Green Series", Germany, Toarcian, 183 - 182 Ma
    • Nannotanyderus kubekovensis Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan Middle/Late Jurassic (Callovian/Oxfordian) 164.7 - 155.7 Ma
    • Nannotanyderus oliviae Charmouth Mudstone Formation, United Kingdom, Early Jurassic (Sinemurian), 196.5 - 189.6 Ma
  • Peringueyomyina
    • Peringueyomyina barnardi South Africa
• Tanyderinae
  • †Espanoderus
    • Espanoderus barbarae Alava amber (Escucha Formation), Spain, Early Cretaceous (Albian) 105.3 - 99.7 Ma
    • Espanoderus orientalis Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian, 99 Ma
  • †Similinannotanyderus
    • Similinannotanyderus lii Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian, 99 Ma
    • Similinannotanyderus longitergata Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian, 99 Ma
    • Similinannotanyderus zbigniewi Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian, 99 Ma
  • †Macrochile
    • Macrochile spectrum Baltic amber, Eocene 37.2 - 33.9 Ma
    • Macrochile hornei Baltic amber, Eocene 37.2 - 33.9 Ma
  • †Podemacrochile
    • Podemacrochile baltica Baltic amber, Eocene 37.2 - 33.9 Ma
  • †Praemacrochile
    • Praemacrochile ansorgei Daohugou, China, Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan Shar-Teg, Mongolia, Middle-Late Jurassic 164.7 to 145.5 Ma
    • Praemacrochile chinensis Daohugou, China, Callovian/Oxfordian ~ 160 Ma
    • Praemacrochile decipiens Posidonia Shale, Germany, Toarcian 183.0 to 182.0 Ma
    • Praemacrochile dobbertinensis, "Green Series", Germany, Toarcian 183.0 to 182.0 Ma
    • Praemacrochile dryasis Daohugou, China, Callovian/Oxfordian ~ 160 Ma
    • Praemacrochile kaluginae Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan Callovian/Oxfordian 164.7 to 155.7 Ma
    • Praemacrochile ovalum Daohugou, China, Callovian/Oxfordian ~ 160 Ma
    • Praemacrochile stackelbergi Ichetuy Formation, Russia, Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) 159-156 Ma
  • Protanyderus (extinct) Note: Lukashevich (2018) considers the assignation of these species to the living genus to be "in doubt" due to differing morphological characters
    • Protanyderus astictum Daohugou, China, Callovian/Oxfordian ~ 160 Ma
    • Protanyderus invalidus Itat Formation, Russia, Middle Jurassic (Bajocian-Bathonian) 171.6 - 164.7 Ma
    • Protanyderus mesozoicus Tsagaantsav Formation, Mongolia, Barremian, 130-125 Ma
    • Protanyderus nebulosus Shar-Teg, Mongolia, Tithonian, 150.8 - 145.5 Ma
    • Protanyderus savtchenkoi Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan Callovian/Oxfordian 164.7 to 155.7 Ma
    • Protanyderus senilis Shar-Teg, Mongolia, Tithonian, 150.8 - 145.5 Ma
    • Protanyderus vetus Shar-Teg, Mongolia, Tithonian, 150.8 - 145.5 Ma
    • Protanyderus vulcanium Daohugou, China, Callovian/Oxfordian ~ 160 Ma
  • Araucoderus
    • Araucoderus gloriosus, Chile
  • Eutanyderus
    • Eutanyderus oreonympha Australia
    • Eutanyderus wilsoni Australia
  • Mischoderus
    • Mischoderus annuliferus (Hutton, 1901), New Zealand
    • Mischoderus forcipatus (Osten Sacken, 1880) New Zealand
    • Mischoderus marginatus (Edwards 1923), New Zealand
    • Mischoderus neptunus (Edwards 1923), New Zealand
    • Mischoderus varipes (Edwards 1923), New Zealand
  • Neoderus
    • Neoderus chonos Chile
    • Neoderus patagonicus Chile
  • Nothoderus
    • Nothoderus australiensis Tasmania
  • Protoplasa
    • Protoplasa fitchii, United States
  • Protanyderus (extant) Note: Villanueva (2017) considers Protanyderus to be a junior synonym of Protoplasa
    • Protanyderus alexanderi Kariya 1935 Japan (Shimajima-Dani)
    • Protanyderus beckeri (Riedel), 1920. Turkestan (Osch-Fergana)
    • Protanyderus esakii Alexander 1932 . Japan (Kyushu)
    • Protanyderus margarita Alexander 1948 USA (Rocky Mountains).
    • Protanyderus redeli Savchenko 1974 USSR (Gissar Range).
    • Protanyderus schmidi Alexander 1959 India (Uttar Pradesh)
    • Protanyderus sikkimensis Alexander 1961 India (Ramtang).
    • Protanyderus stackelbergi Savchenko 1971 Mongolia (Gatsur)
    • Protanyderus vanduzeei (Alexander 1918) USA (California).
    • Protanyderus venustipes Alexander 1961 India (Ramtang).
    • Protanyderus vipio (Osten Sacken 1877) USA (California).
    • Protanyderus yankovskyi Alexnder 1938 North Korea
  • Radinoderus
    • Radinoderus caledoniana Hynes, 1993 (New Caledonia)
    • Radinoderus dorrigensis Alexander, 1930. Australia (New South Wales).
    • Radinoderus holwai Alexander, 1946. Solomon Islands.
    • Radinoderus mirabilis (De Meijere), 1915a. Papua New Guinea.
    • Radinoderus occidentalis (Alexander), 1925. Australia (West Australia).
    • Radinoderus ochroceratus Colless, 1962. Papua New Guinea (Bouganville Island).
    • Radinoderus oculatus (Riedel), 1921. Papua New Guinea (PNG)
    • Radinoderus ornatissimus (Doleschall), 1858. Indonesia (Maluku).
    • Radinoderus pictipes Alexander, 1946. Indonesia (Irian Jaya).
    • Radinoderus solomonis (Alexander), 1924. Solomon Islands.
    • Radinoderus supernumerarius Alexander, 1953. Indonesia (Irian Jaya).
    • Radinoderus terrae-reginae (Alexander), 1924. Australia (Queensland)
    • Radinoderus toxopei Alexander, 1959a. Indonesia (Irian Jaya).
  • Tanyderus
    • Tanyderus pictus Philippi 1865 Chile, Concepcion

References

• Borror, D.J., C.A. Triplehorn, & N.A. Johnson. 1989. An Introduction to the Study of Insects, Sixth edition. Saunders College Publishing.
• Krzeminski, W. & D.D. Judd. 1997. Family Tanyderidae. Pp. 281–289, in: Contributions to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol.2. L. Papp & B. Darvas, eds. Science Herald, Budapest.
• Poinar, G., Jr. & A.E. Brown. 2004. A New genus of primitive crane flies (Diptera: Tanyderidae) in Cretaceous Burmese amber, with a summary of fossil tanyderids. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106: 339–345.

External links

• Images at BugGuide

Notes and References

1. The primitive crane flies (Diptera: Tanyderidae). Iowa State University, Digital Repository. 2017. Ames. Doctor of Philosophy. 10.31274/etd-180810-5802. Ruben Isai. Madriz Villanueva. free.
2. Web site: Tanyderidae - Encyclopedia of Life. 2020-09-10. eol.org.
3. Lukashevich. Elena D.. 2018-08-04. Male terminalia and their rotation in Tanyderidae (Insecta, Diptera, Nematocera) since the Mesozoic. Historical Biology. 32. 4. 462–475. 10.1080/08912963.2018.1500568. 92568272. 0891-2963.
4. Web site: Fossilworks: Tanyderidae. 2020-09-10. fossilworks.org.