Monilea Explained

Monilea is a genus of sea snails in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

Description

The solid shell has a depressed-conical shape. The outer surface is sharply, spirally striate and closely obliquely striate. The shell has a more or lessdeveloped callous ridge or funicle revolving on the inner side of the whorl within the umbilicus, and terminating at the columella, the edge of which is reflexed over it. The sinuous columella terminates in a point or denticle at its base. The outer lip is lirate within.^{[1] [2]}

Distribution

The habitat of most species is in the Indian Ocean, but some occur in the Pacific Ocean.

Species

Species within the genus Monilea include:

• Monilea belcheri (Philippi, 1849)
• Monilea callifera (Lamarck, 1822), the type species
• Monilea carmesina (Webster G.H., 1908)
• Monilea chiliarches Melvill, 1910
• Monilea cocoa Okutani, 2001
• Monilea discerna (Iredale, 1937): (synonym: Talopena discerna Iredale, 1937)
• Monilea gloriola (Iredale, 1929)
• † Monilea grantmackiei Hayward, 1981
• Monilea incerta Iredale, 1912
• Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea lifuana (Fischer, 1878)
• Monilea pantanellii (Caramagna, 1888)
• Monilea patricia (Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea philippii A. Adams, 1855
• Monilea simulans Smith, 1899
• Monilea smithi (Wood, 1828)

The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database also includes the following names in current use^[3]

• Monilea calyculus (Wood, 1828)
• Monilea celebensis Schepman, 1908
• Monilea pudibunda Fischer, 1878
• Monilea rosea Tenison-Woods, 1876
• Monilea solanderi (Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea turbinata Tenison-Woods, 1877
• Monilea unicarinata (Fischer, 1879)

Species brought into synonymy:

• Subgenus Monilea (Priotrochus) Fischer, 1880: synonym of Priotrochus P. Fischer, 1879
• Monilea apicina Gould, 1861; synonym of Parminolia apicina (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea chrysolamea (Martens, 1880): synonym of Priotrochus goudoti (Fischer, 1878)
• Monilea corrugata A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea degregorii (Caramagna, 1888): synonym of Ethminolia degregorii (Caramagna, 1888)
• Monilea goudoti (P. Fisher, 1878): synonym of Priotrochus goudoti (Fischer, 1878)
• Monilea kalisoma A. Adams, 1853 (?): synonym of Monilea patricia (Philippi, 1851)
• Monilea laevissima (Martens, 1881): synonym of Ilanga laevissima (Martens, 1881)
• Monilea morti (Iredale, 1929): synonym of Monilea lentiginosa (A. Adams, 1853)
• Monilea nucleus (Philippi, 1849): synonym of Rossiteria nucleus (Philippi, 1849)
• Monilea obscura (Wood, 1828): synonym of Priotrochus obscurus (W. Wood, 1828)
• Monilea oleacea Hedley & Petterd, 1906: synonym of Archiminolia oleacea (Hedley & Petterd, 1906)
• Monilea philippensis (Watson, 1881): synonym of Spectamen philippense (Watson, 1881)
• Monilea ponsonbyi (G.B. Sowerby, 1888) synonym of Priotrochus obscurus ponsonbyi (G.B. sowerby, 1888)
• Monilea rhodomphala (Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1875): synonym of Trochus rhodomphalus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1875 (species inquirenda)
• Monilea rotundata Sowerby III, 1894: synonym of Minolia rotundata (Sowerby III, 1894)
• Monilea semireticulata Suter, 1908: synonym of Minolia semireticulata (Suter, 1908)
• Monilea singaporensis : synonym of Minolia singaporensis (Pilsbry, 1889)
• Monilea spuria Gould, 1861: synonym of Cinysca spuria (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea vernicosa Gould, 1861: synonym of Sericominolia vernicosa (Gould, 1861)
• Monilea zealandica Hutton, 1873: synonym of Antisolarium egenum (Gould, 1849)

References

Notes

Bibliography

• Dautzenberg, Ph. (1929). Mollusques testacés marins de Madagascar. Faune des Colonies Francaises, Tome III
• Iredale, T. (1929). Queensland molluscan notes, No. 1. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 9 : 261-297, pl. 30-31.
• Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F. (1962). A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Memoirs of the Australian Museum. 11
• Wilson, B., 1993. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Odyssey Publishing, Kallaroo, WA
• Williams S.T., Karube S. & Ozawa T. (2008) Molecular systematics of Vetigastropoda: Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea redefined. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483–506

Notes and References

1. [George Washington Tryon]
2. https://archive.org/details/manualofconcholo111tryo H. Pilsbry (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia
3. http://clade.ansp.org/obis/search.php/6890 OBIS : Monilea