Andrzej Strug Explained

Birth Date:28 November 1871
Birth Place:Lublin, Congress Poland
Death Place:Warsaw, Poland
Nationality:Polish
Notableworks:Chimera
Żółty Krzyż
Birth Name:Tadeusz Gałecki

Andrzej Strug, real name Tadeusz (or Stefan) Gałecki (sources vary; 28 November 1871/1873 – 9 December 1937) was a Polish socialist politician, publicist and activist for Poland's independence.[1] He was also a freemason and declined the offer to join the prestigious Polish Academy of Literature,[2] upset by official criticism of the movement.[3]

Career

Strug was active in several Polish organizations under military Partitions, and was a member of the Polish Socialist Party. In 1895 he was imprisoned by Tsarist authorities in the Warsaw Citadel, and in 1897 forcibly deported to Arkhangelsk Governorate. After another arrest in 1907, he was forced to leave the Russian Empire, exiled from the occupied Polish lands. He settled in Paris.[4]

During World War I, Strug fought in the First Brigade of the Polish Legions of Józef Piłsudski.[5] After Poland regained its independence in 1918, Strug remained active in political and social life. In 1923 he was involved in the foundation of the Airborne and Antigas Defence League.[6]

He also served as the Sovereign Commander of the Supreme Council, and the Grand Master, of the National Grand Lodge of Poland.[7]

In his works, he focused on the themes of war, and Polish Legions, as well as the ideas of social justice.

Works

  • Ludzie podziemni (1908)
  • Jutro (1908)
  • Dzieje jednego pocisku (1910)
  • Ojcowie nasi (1911)
  • Portret (1912)
  • Zakopanoptikon (1913-1914)
  • Pieniądz (1914)
  • Chimera (1918)
  • Wyspa zapomnienia (1920)
  • Odznaka za wierną służbę (1921)
  • Mogiła nieznanego żołnierza (1922)
  • Pokolenie Marka Świdy (1925)
  • Fortuna kasjera Śpiewankiewicza (1928)
  • Pisma (1930-1931)
  • Żółty Krzyż (1932-1933)
  • Miliardy (1937)
  • W Nienadybach byczo jest (1937)

Notes and References

  1. Book: Friszke, Andrzej . O kształt niepodległej . Andrzej Friszke . 1989 . Biblioteka "Więzi" . Warszawa . 83-7006-014-5 . 51 .
  2. Web site: Polska Akademia Literatury . Encyklopedia Onet.pl, Grupa Onet.pl SA . 2011 . December 12, 2011 . September 19, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070919125552/http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/29184,,,,polska_akademia_literatury,haslo.html . dead .
  3. Web site: Mason ofiarny (Sacrificial Mason) . Przemysław Waingertner . Magazine Wprost 42/1038 . 2002 . December 12, 2011 . Polish. See also: Google translation from Polish.
  4. Book: The history of Polish literature . University of California Press . 1983 . December 14, 2011 . Czesław Miłosz . Czesław Miłosz . 424, 431. 9780520044777 .
  5. Book: Friszke, Andrzej . O kształt niepodległej . Andrzej Friszke . 1989 . Biblioteka "Więzi" . Warszawa . 83-7006-014-5 . 55 .
  6. Łukaszewicz . Janusz . Liga Obrony Powietrznej Państwa . Skrzydlata Polska . 2003 . 11.
  7. Web site: Andrzej Strug (1871-1937). Freemason-revolutionist . Ars Regia Nr 2 . 2006 . December 18, 2011 . Henryk Michalski .