Tachydromia Explained

Tachydromia is a genus of hybotid flies. It is widespread around the world, with species found essentially everywhere except the polar regions and some remote islands. They are not very diverse in East and Southeast Asia, or in Africa^{[1] [2]}

Description

Tachydromia are minute, slender flies of shining jet-black color, that are almost devoid of hairs and bristles.^[3]

The globular head bears large eyes with large facets. Three ocelli are present. The two-jointed antennae are short. The vertical, rigid proboscis is shorter than the head.

The thorax is longer than broad. The slender legs bear microscopic hairs, but no bristles. The front femora are somewhat thickened. The males of some species have small spines on the middle femora or tibiae beneath.

The wings are narrow, with the costa ending at the fourth vein and sometimes thickened beyond the insertion of the first vein. There is no trace of an anal cell present. Some species show one or two dark bands across the wings.

Species

• Tachydromia achterbergi Grootaert & Shamshev, 2009^[4]
• Tachydromia acklandi Chvála, 1973
• Tachydromia aemula (Loew, 1864)^[5]
• Tachydromia alatauensis Shamshev & Chvála, 2001
• Tachydromia alteropcta (Becker, 1889)^[6]
• Tachydromia andreiruizae Grootaert & Shamshev, 2003^[7]
• Tachydromia annamensis Grootaert & Shamshev, 2009^[4]
• Tachydromia annulimana Meigen, 1822^[8]
• Tachydromia apterygon Plant & Deeming, 2006^[9]
• Tachydromia arrogans (Linnaeus, 1761)^[10]
• Tachydromia basiflava Gu, Zeng, Zhang & Yang, 2021^[11]
• Tachydromia bimaculata (Loew, 1863)
• Tachydromia bistigma (Bezzi, 1912)^[12]
• Tachydromia borzhomica Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia calcanea (Meigen, 1838)^[13]
• Tachydromia calcarata (Strobl, 1910)^[14]
• Tachydromia carnarvonensis Grootaert & Shamshev, 2011^[15]
• Tachydromia carpathica Chvála, 1966^[16]
• Tachydromia catalonica (Strobl, 1906)^[17]
• Tachydromia caucasica Chvála, 1970^[18]
• Tachydromia ciliata Melander, 1910^[19]
• Tachydromia collini Shamshev, 1993
• Tachydromia colliniana Shamshev & Chvála, 2001
• Tachydromia connexa Meigen, 1822^[8]
• Tachydromia costalis (Roser, 1840)^[20]
• Tachydromia crassiseta Gu, Zeng, Zhang & Yang, 2021^[11]
• Tachydromia denticulata (Oldenberg, 1912)^[21]
• Tachydromia digitiformis Saigusa & Yang, 2003^[22]
• Tachydromia diversipes Melander, 1910^[19]
• Tachydromia doi Shamshev & Grootaert, 2008^[23]
• Tachydromia edenensis Hewitt & Chvála, 2002
• Tachydromia egelata Meunier, 1908^[24]
• Tachydromia elbrusensis Chvála, 1970^[18]
• Tachydromia enecator Melander, 1902^[25]
• Tachydromia excisa (Loew, 1864)^[5]
• Tachydromia flavipes Meigen, 1804^[26]
• Tachydromia freidbergi Shamshev & Grootaert, 2010^[1]
• Tachydromia fuscinervis (Frey, 1915)
• Tachydromia georgiana Shamshev, 1993
• Tachydromia gorodkovi Shamshev, 1993
• Tachydromia guangdongensis Yang & Grootaert, 2006
• Tachydromia gussakovskii Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia halidayi (Collin, 1926)
• Tachydromia halterata (Collin, 1926)
• Tachydromia harti Malloch, 1919^[27]
• Tachydromia henanensis Saigusa & Yang, 2003^[22]
• Tachydromia hirtipes Melander, 1928^[28]
• Tachydromia hissarica Shamshev & Chvála, 2001
• Tachydromia incisa (Brunetti, 1913)^[29]
• Tachydromia incompleta (Becker, 1900)^[30]
• Tachydromia interrupta (Loew, 1864)^[5]
• Tachydromia kazakhstanica Shamshev & Chvála, 2001
• Tachydromia kerzhneri Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia kovalevi Shamshev, 1993
• Tachydromia latifascipennis Brunetti, 1917^[31]
• Tachydromia lilaniensis Smith, 1969^[32]
• Tachydromia longyuwanensis Saigusa & Yang, 2003^[22]
• Tachydromia lundstroemi (Frey, 1913)
• Tachydromia maculipennis Walker, 1849^[33]
• Tachydromia magadanica Shamshev, 1993
• Tachydromia mediasiatica Shamshev & Chvála, 2001
• Tachydromia menglunensis Grootaert, Yang & Shamshev, 2008^[34]
• Tachydromia menyangensis Grootaert, Yang & Shamshev, 2008^[34]
• Tachydromia microceroides Chvála, 1988
• Tachydromia microptera (Loew, 1864)^[5]
• Tachydromia minima (Becker, 1900)^[30]
• Tachydromia monaca Melander, 1928^[28]
• Tachydromia mongolica Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia monocercus Shamshev & Grootaert, 2008^[23]
• Tachydromia monserratensis (Strobl, 1906)^[17]
• Tachydromia morio (Zetterstedt, 1838)^[35]
• Tachydromia mucronata (Collin, 1941)^[36]
• Tachydromia nigerrima (Bezzi, 1918)^[37]
• Tachydromia obsoleta (Strobl, 1910)^[14]
• Tachydromia occipitalis (Collin, 1941)^[36]
• Tachydromia ornatipes (Becker, 1890)^[38]
• Tachydromia ozerovi Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia papuana Grootaert, 1987
• Tachydromia parva Chvála, 1970^[18]
• Tachydromia petrabilis Smith, 1969^[32]
• Tachydromia phengites Melander, 1928^[28]
• Tachydromia postposita Keilbach, 1982^[39]
• Tachydromia preapicalis (Collin, 1941)^[36]
• Tachydromia productipes (Strobl, 1910)^[14]
• Tachydromia pseliophora Melander, 1928^[28]
• Tachydromia pseudointerrupta Chvála, 1970^[18]
• Tachydromia punctifera (Becker, 1900)^[30]
• Tachydromia rhyacophila Chvála, 1995
• Tachydromia rossica Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia sabulosa Meigen, 1830^[40]
• Tachydromia schnitteri Stark, 1996
• Tachydromia schwarzii Coquillett, 1895^[41]
• Tachydromia shatalkini Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia sibirica Shamshev, 1993
• Tachydromia simplicissima (Engel, 1938)
• Tachydromia smithi Chvála, 1966^[16]
• Tachydromia stackelbergi Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia stanislavi Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia styriaca (Strobl, 1893)^[42]
• Tachydromia subarrogans Kovalev & Chvála, 1985
• Tachydromia tacoma Melander, 1928^[28]
• Tachydromia terricola Zetterstedt, 1819^[43]
• Tachydromia terricolodies Shamshev & Grootaert, 2005^[44]
• Tachydromia thaica Shamshev & Grootaert, 2005^[44]
• Tachydromia theobaldi Timon-David, 1944^[45]
• Tachydromia tuberculata (Loew, 1864)^[5]
• Tachydromia tucumanensis Claps, 1991
• Tachydromia tuvinica Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia umbrarum Haliday, 1833^[46]
• Tachydromia undulata (Strobl, 1906)^[17]
• Tachydromia varipennis Coquillett, 1903^[47]
• Tachydromia varzobica Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia vietnamensis Grootaert & Shamshev, 2009^[4]
• Tachydromia vladimiri Shamshev, 1994
• Tachydromia voracis Meunier, 1908^[24]
• Tachydromia vriesi Grootaert & Shamshev, 2009^[4]
• Tachydromia woodi (Collin, 1926)
• Tachydromia yunnanensis Grootaert, Yang & Shamshev, 2008^[34]

Notes and References

1. Shamshev . I. . Grootaert . P. . The genus Tachydromia Meigen (Diptera: Hybotidae) from the Afrotropics . African Invertebrates . 2010 . 51 . 1 . 207–218 . 10.5733/afin.051.0106 . 2010AfrIn..51..207S . 85284718 . 19 May 2023. free .
2. Sinclair . Bradley J. . Cumming . Jeffrey M. . Morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea . Zootaxa . 2006 . 1180 . 1–172 . 24 April 2023 . Magnolia Press . Auckland, New Zealand . 10.11646/zootaxa.1180.1.1 .
3. A. L. Melander . 1910 . The Genus Tachydromia . . 17 . 2 . 41–63 . 10.1155/1910/29732 . free .
4. Grootaert . P. . Shamshev . I. . First records of Tachydromia Meigen and Tachypeza Meigen (Diptera: Hybotidae) from Viet Nam, with descriptions of four new species . Zootaxa . 2009 . 2249 . 1 . 33–43 . 10.11646/zootaxa.2249.1.3 . 22 May 2023.
5. Loew. H.. Ueber die schlesischen Arten der Gattungen Tachypeza Meig. (Tachypeza, Tachista, Dysaletria) und Microphorus Macq. (Trichina und Microphorus) . Zeitschrift für Entomologie . Breslau . 1864 . 14 . 1860 . 1–60.
6. Becker . T. . Neue Dipteren aus Dalmatien, gesammelt auf einer Reise im Mai 1889 . Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift . 1889 . 33 . 335–346 . 10.1002/mmnd.18900330219 . 15 May 2023.
7. Grootaert . P. . Shamshev . I.V. . A note on the remarkable empidid fauna (Diptera Empididae Hybotidae Atelestidae) of Corsica . Bulletin de la Société Royale Belge d'Entomologie . 2003 . 139 . 7–12 . 243–252.
8. Book: Meigen . J. W. . Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten . 1822 . Dritter Theil. Schulz-Wundermann . Hamm . x, 416, pls. 22–32 . 14 April 2019.
9. Plant . Adrian R. . Deeming . John C. . An apeterous [apterous] species of Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Hybotidae) from Italy . Dipterological Research . 2006 . 17 . 113–116.
10. Book: Linnaeus . C. . Fauna Svecica ... Editio altera, auctior . 1761 . L. Salvii . Stockholmiae [=Stockholm] . [49] + 578 pp., 2 pls.
11. Gu . Y. . Zeng . W. . Zhang . J.H. . Yang . D. . Two new species of the genus Tachydromia (Diptera: Empididae) from Shaanxi, China . 43 . 2021 . Entomotaxonomia . 2 . 109–114.
12. Bezzi . M. . Rhagionidae et Empididae ex insula Formosa a Clar. H. Sauter Missae . Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici . 1912 . 10 . 442–495 . 10 May 2019.
13. Book: Meigen . Johann Wilhelm . Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen zweiflügeligen Insekten . 7 . 1838 . Hamm . xii + 1–434 . 28 June 2021.
14. Strobl . Pater Gabriel . Die Dipteren von Steiermark. II. Nachtrag . Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark . 1910 . (1909)46 . 45–292 . 25 May 2019.
15. Grootaert . P. . Shamshev . I. . The genus Tachydromia Meigen (Diptera: Hybotidae) from Australia . Records of the Australian Museum . 2011 . 63 . 103–112. 10.3853/j.0067-1975.63.2011.1552 . free .
16. Chvála . M. . Notes on the genus Tachydromia Meig. and the annulimana-group (Diptera, Empididae) . Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca . 1966 . 63 . 464–477.
17. Strobl . Pater Gabriel . Spanische Dipteren. II. Beitrag (1). . Memorias de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural . 1906 . 3 . 5 . 271–422 . 10 June 2018.
18. Chvála . M. . Revision of Palaearctic species of the genus Tachydromia Meig. (=Tachista Loew) (Diptera, Empididae) . Sborník Entomologického Oddelení Národního Musea v Praze . 1970 . 38 [1969] . 431–540 . 22 May 2023.
19. Melander . A.L. . The genus Tachydromia . Psyche: A Journal of Entomology . 1910 . 17 . 2 . 41–62, 1 pl. 10.1155/1910/29732 . free .
20. Roser . K.L.F. von . Erster Nachtrag zu dem im Jahre 1834 bekannt gemachten Verzeichnisse in Wurttemberg vorkommender zweiflugliger Insekten. . Correspondenzbl. K. Wurttemb. Landw. Ver., Stuttgart . 1840 . 37 [=N.S. 17] . 1 . 49–64.
21. Oldenberg . L. . Drie neue Dipteren aus Tirol . Entomologische Mitteilungen . 1912 . 1 . 209–215. 10.5962/bhl.part.25899 .
22. T.. Saigusa. D.. Yang. 2003. Empididae (Diptera) from Funiu Mountains, Henan, China (I). Studia Dipterologica. 9. 2. 519–543.
23. Shamshev . I.V. . Grootaert . P. . New and little-known species of the genus Tachydromia Meigen (Diptera, Hybotidae) from Thailand . Zootaxa . 2008 . 1830 . 21–36 . 10.11646/zootaxa.1830.1.2 . 24 May 2023.
24. Meunier . F. . Monographie des Empididae de l'ambre de la Baltique et catalogue bibliographique complet sur les dipteres de cette resine . Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. . 1908 . 7 . 9 . 81–135.
25. Melander . Axel. L. . A monograph of the North American Empididae. Part I . Transactions of the American Entomological Society . 1902 . 28 . 195–367 . 1 June 2018.
26. Book: Meigen . J.W. . Klassifikazion und Beschreibung der europäischen zweiflügligen Insekten. (Diptera Linn.). Erster Band. Abt. I. Abt. II.. . 1804 . Reichard . Braunschweig [= Brunswick] . xxviii + pp. 1–152, vi + pp. 153–314.
27. Malloch . J.R. . A new species of the genus Tachydromia from Illinois (Diptera, Empididae) . The Canadian Entomologist . 1919 . 51 . 11 . 248. 10.4039/Ent51248-11 . 85034331 .
28. Book: Melander . Axel Leonard . Diptera. Fam. Empididae. In Wytsman, P., ed. . 1928 . Genera insectorum . Bruxelles . 1–434.
29. Brunetti . Enrico . New Indian Empididae. . Records of the Indian Museum . 1913 . 9 . 11–45 . 13 April 2019.
30. Becker . T. . Beitrage zur Dipteren-Fauna Sibiriens. Nordwest-Sibirische Dipteren gesammelt vom Prof. John Sahlberg aus Helsingfors im Jahre 1876 und vom Dr. E. Bergroth aus Tammerfors im Jahre 1877. . Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae. Series B. Opera Biologica . 1900 . 26 . 9 . 66 pp., 1 pl.
31. Brunetti . E. . Diptera of the Simla District . Records of the Indian Museum . 1917 . 13 . 59–101 . 22 May 2023.
32. Smith . Kenneth G. V. . The Empididae of southern Africa (Diptera) . Annals of the Natal Museum . 1969 . 19 . 1–342.
33. Book: Walker. F.. List of the specimens of dipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part III. 1849. British Museum (Natural History). London. 485–687.
34. Grootaert . P. . Yang . D. . Shamshev . I. . Tachydromia Meigen from Yunnan (Diptera, Hybotidae) . Annales Zoologici . 2008 . 58 . 3 . 561–566. 10.3161/000345408X364391 . 86733029 .
35. Book: Zetterstedt . J.W. . Sectio tertia. Diptera. Dipterologis Scandinaviae, pp. 477-868. In his: Insecta Lapponica. . 1838 . Lipsiae [= Leipzig] . vi + 1,140 pp.
36. Collin . James Edward . Some Pipunculidae and Empididae from the Ussuri region on the far eastern border of the U.S.S.R. (Diptera) . Proceedings of the Entomological Society of London (B) . 1941 . 10 . 218–248.
37. Bezzi . M. . Studi sulla ditterofauna nivale delle Alpi italiane . Memorie della Società italiana di scienze naturali e del Museo civico di storia naturale di Milano . 1918 . 9 . 1 . 1–164 . 25 April 2023.
38. Becker . T. . Altes und Neues aus Tirol und Salzburg. Ein dipterologischer Beitrag . Wiener Entomologische Zeitung . 1890 . 9 . 65–70 . 15 May 2023.
39. Keilbach . R. . Bibliographie und Liste der Arten tierscher Einshlusse in fossilen Harzen sowie ihrer Aufbewahrungsprte. Teil 2. . Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift . Neue Folge . 1982 . 29 . 4–5 . 301–491. 10.1002/mmnd.19820290402 .
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41. Coquillett . Daniel William . Revision of the North American Empididae.- A family of two-winged insects . Proceedings of the United States National Museum . 1895 . (1896) 18 . 387–440 . 30 March 2019.
42. Strobl . Gabriel . Die Dipteren von Steiermark . Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark. . 1893 . (1892) 29 . 1–199 . 16 June 2019.
43. Zetterstedt . J.W. . Nagra nya Svenska insekt-arter fundne och beskrifne . K. Svenska VetenskAkad. Handl . 1819 . 1819 . 69–86.
44. Shamshev . I.V. . Grootaert . P. . The genus Tachydromia Meigen (Diptera: Hybotidae) from South East Asia, with the description of three new species . Studia Dipterologica . 2005 . 12 . 109–117 . 24 May 2023.
45. Timon-David . J. . Insectes fossiles de l'Oligocene inferieur des Camoins (Bassin des Marseille). Pt. 1. Diptères, brachyceres . Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France . 1944 . 48 . 128–134. 10.3406/bsef.1943.15695 . 200106926 .
46. Haliday. Alexander Henry. Catalogue of Diptera occurring about Holywood in Downshire. Entomological Magazine. 1833. 1. 147–180.
47. Coquillett . Daniel W. . The genera of the dipterous family Empididae, with notes and new species. . Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington . 1903 . 5 . 245–272 . 1 June 2018.