Exorista larvarum explained

Exorista larvarum is a Palaearctic species of fly in the family Tachinidae.[1] [2] [3]

Distribution

Canada, United States, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, British Isles, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Yugoslavia, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, Japan, North Korea, Iran, Israel, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Mongolia, Egypt, Tunisia, Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, China, India, Taiwan.

Hosts

Lepidoptera larvae, mainly Lymantriidae and Lasiocampidae. It attacks Lymantria dispar dispar.[4] Studies have been conducted into its ability to successfully prey on Mythimna unipuncta[5] and Cydalima perspectalis[6] .

Parasitic nature

It lays an egg on its host. The egg hatches and the larva penetrates the host. The host could escape this fate by molting before the egg hatches.

Artificial Diets

For rearing Exorista larvarum in controlled conditions, inexpensive diets are preferable. MEYS contains liquid skimmed milk, chicken egg yolk, yeast extract and saccharose and HEYS contains veal homogenate, chicken egg yolk, yeast extract and saccharose.[7] Though many variations of the diet yield different results.[8] Larvae have a tendency to wander, which can result in starvation, so reducing wander is important for maximizing yields.

Notes and References

  1. Book: Chandler, Peter J. . 1998 . Checklists of Insects of the British Isles (New Series) Part 1: Diptera . . 12 . 1 . 1–234 . 0-901546-82-8 . . London .
  2. Web site: O’Hara . James E. . Henderson . Shannon J. . D. Monty . Wood . Preliminary Checklist of the Tachinidae (Diptera) of the World. Tachinidae Resources . 21 August 2023 . 5 March 2020.
  3. Web site: Checklist Of The Tachinidae (Diptera) Of America North Of Mexico . James E. . O'Hara . Wood, D. Monty . 28 January 2004 . Biodiversidad de Nicaragua . Nicaragua . 1–42 .
  4. The Gypsy Moth: Research Toward Integrated Pest Management, United States Department of Agriculture, 1981
  5. "Reports from University of Lleida Add New Data to Research in Biological Controls.(Report)." Life Science Weekly. NewsRX. 2012. Subscription required. Web site: Archived copy . 2012-09-27 . 2015-09-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924153841/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-297075540.html . dead .
  6. Martini, Antonio; Di Vitantonia, Cinzia; Dindo, Maria Luisa. "Acceptance and suitability of the box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis as host for the tachinid parasitoid Exorista larvarum.". Bulletin of Insectology 72 (1): 150-160.
  7. Chiappini, Elisabetta; Dindo, Maria Luisa; Negri, Ilaria; Sighinolfi, Luca. "In vitro rearing of Anagrus breviphragma (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Cicadella viridis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), from second instar larva to adult on diets without insect components." European Journal of Entomology. Institute of Entomology Czech Academy of Sciences. 2004. Web site: Archived copy . 2019-08-14 . 2018-11-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181120105435/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-833056621.html . dead . Subscription required.
  8. MELLINI E. & CAMPADELLI G. 1995: Formulas for "inexpensive" artificial diets for the parasitoid Exorista larvarum (L.). Boll. Ist. Entomol. "Guida Grandi" Univ. Bologna 50: 95-106.http://www.bulletinofinsectology.org/pdfarticles/vol50-1996-095-106mellini.pdf

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Exorista larvarum".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.