TRPC5 explained

Short transient receptor potential channel 5 (TrpC5) also known as transient receptor protein 5 (TRP-5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRPC5 gene.^{[1] [2]} TrpC5 is subtype of the TRPC family of mammalian transient receptor potential ion channels.

Function

TrpC5 is one of the seven mammalian TRPC (transient receptor potential canonical) proteins. TrpC5 is a multi-pass membrane protein and is thought to form a receptor-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel. The protein is active alone or as a heteromultimeric assembly with TRPC1, TRPC3, and TRPC4. It also interacts with multiple proteins including calmodulin, CABP1, enkurin, Na⁺–H⁺ exchange regulatory factor (NHERF), interferon-induced GTP-binding protein (MX1), ring finger protein 24 (RNF24), and SEC14 domain and spectrin repeat-containing protein 1 (SESTD1).^[3]

TRPC4 and TRPC5 have been implicated in the mechanism of mercury toxicity^[4] and neurological behavior.^[5] It was established in 2021 that TRPC5 is a component of the dental cold sensing system.^[6]

Activation

Homomultimeric TRPC5 and heteromultimeric TRPC5-TRPC1 channels are activated by extracellular reduced thioredoxin.^[7] This channel has also been found to be involved in the action of anaesthetics such as chloroform, halothane and propofol.^[8]

Interactions

TRPC5 has been shown to interact with STMN3,^[9] TRPC1,^{[10] [11]} and TRPC4.^[11]

See also

• TRPC

Further reading

• Book: Beech DJ . Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels . Canonical transient receptor potential 5 . 179 . 179 . 109–23 . 2007 . 17217053 . 10.1007/978-3-540-34891-7_6 . 978-3-540-34889-4 . Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology .
• Beech DJ . Bipolar phospholipid sensing by TRPC5 calcium channel . Biochem. Soc. Trans. . 35 . Pt 1 . 101–4 . 2007 . 17233612 . 10.1042/BST0350101 .

Notes and References

1. Sossey-Alaoui K, Lyon JA, Jones L, Abidi FE, Hartung AJ, Hane B, Schwartz CE, Stevenson RE, Srivastava AK . Molecular cloning and characterization of TRPC5 (HTRP5), the human homologue of a mouse brain receptor-activated capacitative Ca2+ entry channel . Genomics . 60 . 3 . 330–40 . September 1999 . 10493832 . 10.1006/geno.1999.5924 .
2. Clapham DE, Julius D, Montell C, Schultz G . International Union of Pharmacology. XLIX. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of transient receptor potential channels . Pharmacol. Rev. . 57 . 4 . 427–50 . December 2005 . 16382100 . 10.1124/pr.57.4.6 . 17936350 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: transient receptor potential cation channel.
4. Xu SZ, Zeng B, Daskoulidou N, Chen GL, Atkin SL, Lukhele B . Activation of TRPC cationic channels by mercurial compounds confers the cytotoxicity of mercury exposure . Toxicol. Sci. . 125 . 1 . 56–68 . January 2012 . 21984481 . 10.1093/toxsci/kfr268 . free .
5. Riccio A, Li Y, Moon J, Kim KS, Smith KS, Rudolph U, Gapon S, Yao GL, Tsvetkov E, Rodig SJ, Van't Veer A, Meloni EG, Carlezon WA, Bolshakov VY, Clapham DE . Essential role for TRPC5 in amygdala function and fear-related behavior . Cell . 137 . 4 . 761–72 . May 15, 2009 . 19450521 . 2719954 . 10.1016/j.cell.2009.03.039 .
6. Odontoblast TRPC5 channels signal cold pain in teeth . 2021. 10.1126/sciadv.abf5567. Bernal. Laura. Sotelo-Hitschfeld. Pamela. König. Christine. Sinica. Viktor. Wyatt. Amanda. Winter. Zoltan. Hein. Alexander. Touska. Filip. Reinhardt. Susanne. Tragl. Aaron. Kusuda. Ricardo. Wartenberg. Philipp. Sclaroff. Allen. Pfeifer. John D.. Ectors. Fabien. Dahl. Andreas. Freichel. Marc. Vlachova. Viktorie. Brauchi. Sebastian. Roza. Carolina. Boehm. Ulrich. Clapham. David E.. Lennerz. Jochen K.. Zimmermann. Katharina. Science Advances. 7. 13. eabf5567. 33771873. 7997515. 2021SciA....7.5567B.
7. Xu SZ, Sukumar P, Zeng F, Li J, Jairaman A, English A, Naylor J, Ciurtin C, Majeed Y, Milligan CJ, Bahnasi YM, Al-Shawaf E, Porter KE, Jiang LH, Emery P, Sivaprasadarao A, Beech DJ . TRPC channel activation by extracellular thioredoxin . Nature . 451 . 7174 . 69–72 . January 2008 . 18172497 . 2645077 . 10.1038/nature06414 . 2008Natur.451...69X .
8. Bahnasi YM, Wright HM, Milligan CJ, Dedman AM, Zeng F, Hopkins PM, Bateson AN, Beech DJ . Modulation of TRPC5 cation channels by halothane, chloroform and propofol . Br. J. Pharmacol. . 153 . 7 . 1505–12 . April 2008 . 18204473 . 2437913 . 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707689 .
9. Greka A, Navarro B, Oancea E, Duggan A, Clapham DE . TRPC5 is a regulator of hippocampal neurite length and growth cone morphology . Nat. Neurosci. . 6 . 8 . 837–45 . August 2003 . 12858178 . 10.1038/nn1092 . 7523946 .
10. Strübing C, Krapivinsky G, Krapivinsky L, Clapham DE . Formation of novel TRPC channels by complex subunit interactions in embryonic brain . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 40 . 39014–9 . October 2003 . 12857742 . 10.1074/jbc.M306705200 . free .
11. Hofmann T, Schaefer M, Schultz G, Gudermann T . Subunit composition of mammalian transient receptor potential channels in living cells . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 11 . 7461–6 . May 2002 . 12032305 . 124253 . 10.1073/pnas.102596199 . 2002PNAS...99.7461H . free .