TRA (gene) explained

T-cell receptor alpha locus is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRA gene, also known as TCRA or TRA@.^{[1] [2] [3]} It contributes the alpha chain to the larger TCR protein (T-cell receptor).

Further reading

• Kenwrick S . Isolation and sequence of two genes associated with a CpG island 5' of the factor VIII gene . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 1 . 3 . 179–86 . 1993 . 1303175 . 10.1093/hmg/1.3.179 . vanc. Levinson B . Taylor S . 3 . Shapiro . Amy . Gitschier . Jane .
• Suzuki CK . Regulating the retention of T-cell receptor alpha chain variants within the endoplasmic reticulum: Ca(2+)-dependent association with BiP . J. Cell Biol. . 114 . 2 . 189–205 . 1991 . 1649196 . 10.1083/jcb.114.2.189 . 2289081 . vanc. Bonifacino JS . Lin AY . 3 . Davis . MM . Klausner . RD .
• Travis A, Amsterdam A, Belanger C, Grosschedl R . LEF-1, a gene encoding a lymphoid-specific protein with an HMG domain, regulates T-cell receptor alpha enhancer function [corrected] . Genes Dev. . 5 . 5 . 880–94 . 1991 . 1827423 . 10.1101/gad.5.5.880 . free .
• Koning F, Maloy WL, Coligan JE . The implications of subunit interactions for the structure of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex . Eur. J. Immunol. . 20 . 2 . 299–305 . 1990 . 2138083 . 10.1002/eji.1830200211 . 2180901 .
• Dyer MJ . T-cell receptor delta/alpha rearrangements in lymphoid neoplasms . Blood . 74 . 3 . 1073–83 . 1989 . 2546634 . 10.1182/blood.V74.3.1073.1073. free .
• Chilson OP, Kelly-Chilson AE . Mitogenic lectins bind to the antigen receptor on human lymphocytes . Eur. J. Immunol. . 19 . 2 . 389–96 . 1989 . 2703017 . 10.1002/eji.1830190225 . 22340836 .
• Yanagi Y . Analysis of cDNA clones specific for human T cells and the alpha and beta chains of the T-cell receptor heterodimer from a human T-cell line . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 82 . 10 . 3430–4 . 1985 . 3873654 . 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3430 . 397789 . vanc. Chan A . Chin B . 3 . Minden . M . Mak . TW . 1985PNAS...82.3430Y . free .
• Sim GK . Primary structure of human T-cell receptor alpha-chain . Nature . 312 . 5996 . 771–5 . 1985 . 6440030 . 10.1038/312771a0 . vanc. Yagüe J . Nelson J . 3 . Marrack . Philippa . Palmer . Edward . Augustin . Andrei . Kappler . John . 4350315 .
• Kearse KP, Roberts JL, Singer A . TCR alpha-CD3 delta epsilon association is the initial step in alpha beta dimer formation in murine T cells and is limiting in immature CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes . Immunity . 2 . 4 . 391–9 . 1995 . 7719941 . 10.1016/1074-7613(95)90147-7 . free .
• Manolios N, Kemp O, Li ZG . The T cell antigen receptor alpha and beta chains interact via distinct regions with CD3 chains . Eur. J. Immunol. . 24 . 1 . 84–92 . 1994 . 8020575 . 10.1002/eji.1830240114 . 85378646 .
• Bagga R, Emerson BM . An HMG I/Y-containing repressor complex and supercoiled DNA topology are critical for long-range enhancer-dependent transcription in vitro . Genes Dev. . 11 . 5 . 629–39 . 1997 . 9119227 . 10.1101/gad.11.5.629 . free .
• San José E, Sahuquillo AG, Bragado R, Alarcón B . Assembly of the TCR/CD3 complex: CD3 epsilon/delta and CD3 epsilon/gamma dimers associate indistinctly with both TCR alpha and TCR beta chains. Evidence for a double TCR heterodimer model . Eur. J. Immunol. . 28 . 1 . 12–21 . 1998 . 9485181 . 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199801)28:01<12::AID-IMMU12>3.0.CO;2-9 . 85318973 .
• Ding YH . Two human T cell receptors bind in a similar diagonal mode to the HLA-A2/Tax peptide complex using different TCR amino acids . Immunity . 8 . 4 . 403–11 . 1998 . 9586631 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80546-4 . vanc. Smith KJ . Garboczi DN . 3 . Utz . Ursula . Biddison . William E. . Wiley . Don C. . free .
• Kirchgessner H . The Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Trim Regulates T Cell Receptor (Tcr) Expression and Tcr-Mediated Signaling via an Association with the Tcr ζ Chain . J. Exp. Med. . 193 . 11 . 1269–84 . 2001 . 11390434 . 10.1084/jem.193.11.1269 . 2193385 . vanc. Dietrich J . Scherer J . 3 . Isomaki . P. . Korinek . V. . Hilgert . I. . Bruyns . E. . Leo . A. . Cope . A. P. .
• Shelton JG . Importance of the T cell receptor alpha-chain transmembrane distal region for assembly with cognate subunits . Mol. Immunol. . 38 . 4 . 259–65 . 2001 . 11566319 . 10.1016/S0161-5890(01)00062-1 . vanc. Gülland S . Nicolson K . 3 . Kearse . Kelly P . Thomas Bäckström . B .
• Pietra G . The analysis of the natural killer-like activity of human cytolytic T lymphocytes revealed HLA-E as a novel target for TCR alpha/beta-mediated recognition . Eur. J. Immunol. . 31 . 12 . 3687–93 . 2002 . 11745389 . 10.1002/1521-4141(200112)31:12<3687::AID-IMMU3687>3.0.CO;2-C . vanc. Romagnani C . Falco M . 3 . Vitale . Massimo . Castriconi . Roberta . Pende . Daniela . Millo . Enrico . Anfossi . Simone . Biassoni . Roberto . free .
• Hennecke J, Wiley DC . Structure of a Complex of the Human α/β T Cell Receptor (TCR) HA1.7, Influenza Hemagglutinin Peptide, and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Molecule, HLA-DR4 (DRA0101 and DRB10401): Insight into TCR Cross-Restriction and Alloreactivity . J. Exp. Med. . 195 . 5 . 571–81 . 2002 . 11877480 . 10.1084/jem.20011194 . 2193773 .
• García P . Human T cell receptor-mediated recognition of HLA-E . Eur. J. Immunol. . 32 . 4 . 936–44 . 2002 . 11920559 . 10.1002/1521-4141(200204)32:4<936::AID-IMMU936>3.0.CO;2-M . vanc. Llano M . de Heredia AB . 3 . Willberg . Christian B. . Caparrós . Esther . Aparicio . Pedro . Braud . Véronique M. . López-Botet . Miguel . free .

Notes and References

1. Erikson J, Williams DL, Finan J, Nowell PC, Croce CM . Locus of the alpha-chain of the T-cell receptor is split by chromosome translocation in T-cell leukemias . Science . 229 . 4715 . 784–6 . Sep 1985 . 3875152 . 10.1126/science.3875152 . 1985Sci...229..784E .
2. Rabbitts TH, Lefranc MP, Stinson MA, Sims JE, Schroder J, Steinmetz M, Spurr NL, Solomon E, Goodfellow PN . The chromosomal location of T-cell receptor genes and a T cell rearranging gene: possible correlation with specific translocations in human T cell leukaemia . EMBO J . 4 . 6 . 1461–5 . Oct 1985 . 3875483 . 554368 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03803.x.
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: TRA@ T cell receptor alpha locus.