TOMM20 explained

Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM20 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TOMM20 gene.^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} TOM20 is one of the receptor systems of the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex in the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Function

In mitochondrial protein import, TOM20 is closely associated with the pore-forming TOM40 complex and acts by recognizing and binding the N-terminal MTSs (matrix-targeting sequences), which form an amphipathic alpha helix and aid passage of the target proteins into the mitochondrial matrix.^[5]

See also

• TOMM22
• TOMM40
• TOMM70A

Further reading

• Nomura N, Miyajima N, Sazuka T, Tanaka A, Kawarabayasi Y, Sato S, Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, Tabata S . 6 . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1 . DNA Research . 1 . 1 . 27–35 . 1995 . 7584026 . 10.1093/dnares/1.1.27 . vanc . free .
• Nomura N, Miyajima N, Sazuka T, Tanaka A, Kawarabayasi Y, Sato S, Nagase T, Seki N, Ishikawa K, Tabata S . 6 . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. I. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0001-KIAA0040) deduced by analysis of randomly sampled cDNA clones from human immature myeloid cell line KG-1 (supplement) . DNA Research . 1 . 1 . 47–56 . 1995 . 7584028 . 10.1093/dnares/1.1.47 . vanc . free .
• Schleiff E, Shore GC, Goping IS . Human mitochondrial import receptor, Tom20p. Use of glutathione to reveal specific interactions between Tom20-glutathione S-transferase and mitochondrial precursor proteins . FEBS Letters . 404 . 2–3 . 314–318 . March 1997 . 9119086 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00145-2 . 29177508 . free .
• Schleiff E, Shore GC, Goping IS . Interactions of the human mitochondrial protein import receptor, hTom20, with precursor proteins in vitro reveal pleiotropic specificities and different receptor domain requirements . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 28 . 17784–17789 . July 1997 . 9211931 . 10.1074/jbc.272.28.17784 . free .
• Schleiff E, Turnbull JL . Characterization of the N-terminal targeting signal binding domain of the mitochondrial outer membrane receptor, Tom20 . Biochemistry . 37 . 38 . 13052–13058 . September 1998 . 9748310 . 10.1021/bi980746y .
• Yano M, Kanazawa M, Terada K, Takeya M, Hoogenraad N, Mori M . Functional analysis of human mitochondrial receptor Tom20 for protein import into mitochondria . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 273 . 41 . 26844–26851 . October 1998 . 9756929 . 10.1074/jbc.273.41.26844 . vanc . free .
• Hernández JM, Giner P, Hernández-Yago J . Gene structure of the human mitochondrial outer membrane receptor Tom20 and evolutionary study of its family of processed pseudogenes . Gene . 239 . 2 . 283–291 . November 1999 . 10548729 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00409-6 .
• Suzuki H, Okazawa Y, Komiya T, Saeki K, Mekada E, Kitada S, Ito A, Mihara K . 6 . Characterization of rat TOM40, a central component of the preprotein translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 275 . 48 . 37930–37936 . December 2000 . 10980201 . 10.1074/jbc.M006558200 . vanc . free .
• Yano M, Hoogenraad N, Terada K, Mori M . Identification and functional analysis of human Tom22 for protein import into mitochondria . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 20 . 19 . 7205–7213 . October 2000 . 10982837 . 86274 . 10.1128/MCB.20.19.7205-7213.2000 .
• Abdul KM, Terada K, Yano M, Ryan MT, Streimann I, Hoogenraad NJ, Mori M . Functional analysis of human metaxin in mitochondrial protein import in cultured cells and its relationship with the Tom complex . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 276 . 3 . 1028–1034 . October 2000 . 11027586 . 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3589 . vanc . 10.1.1.379.8183 .
• Mukhopadhyay A, Avramova LV, Weiner H . Tom34 unlike Tom20 does not interact with the leader sequences of mitochondrial precursor proteins . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics . 400 . 1 . 97–104 . April 2002 . 11913975 . 10.1006/abbi.2002.2777 .
• Yano M, Terada K, Mori M . AIP is a mitochondrial import mediator that binds to both import receptor Tom20 and preproteins . The Journal of Cell Biology . 163 . 1 . 45–56 . October 2003 . 14557246 . 2173431 . 10.1083/jcb.200305051 .
• Yano M, Terada K, Mori M . Mitochondrial import receptors Tom20 and Tom22 have chaperone-like activity . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 279 . 11 . 10808–10813 . March 2004 . 14699115 . 10.1074/jbc.M311710200 . free .
• Humphries AD, Streimann IC, Stojanovski D, Johnston AJ, Yano M, Hoogenraad NJ, Ryan MT . Dissection of the mitochondrial import and assembly pathway for human Tom40 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 280 . 12 . 11535–11543 . March 2005 . 15644312 . 10.1074/jbc.M413816200 . vanc . free .
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE . 6 . A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome . Cell . 122 . 6 . 957–968 . September 2005 . 16169070 . 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 . free . vanc . 8235923 . 11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0 .

Notes and References

1. Seki N, Moczko M, Nagase T, Zufall N, Ehmann B, Dietmeier K, Schäfer E, Nomura N, Pfanner N . 6 . A human homolog of the mitochondrial protein import receptor Mom19 can assemble with the yeast mitochondrial receptor complex . FEBS Letters . 375 . 3 . 307–310 . November 1995 . 7498524 . 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01229-8 . 45148104 .
2. Goping IS, Millar DG, Shore GC . Identification of the human mitochondrial protein import receptor, huMas20p. Complementation of delta mas20 in yeast . FEBS Letters . 373 . 1 . 45–50 . October 1995 . 7589431 . 10.1016/0014-5793(95)01010-C . 1204415 .
3. Likić VA, Perry A, Hulett J, Derby M, Traven A, Waller RF, Keeling PJ, Koehler CM, Curran SP, Gooley PR, Lithgow T . 6 . Patterns that define the four domains conserved in known and novel isoforms of the protein import receptor Tom20 . Journal of Molecular Biology . 347 . 1 . 81–93 . March 2005 . 15733919 . 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.12.057 .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: TOMM20 translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 homolog (yeast).
5. Hansen KG, Herrmann JM . Transport of Proteins into Mitochondria . The Protein Journal . 38 . 3 . 330–342 . June 2019 . 30868341 . 10.1007/s10930-019-09819-6 . 76662487 .