TOI-1227 b explained

Apsis:astron
Discoverer:Mann et al. (THYME)
TOI-1227 b
Discovered:2022
Discovery Method:Transit method
Extrasolarplanet:yes
Inclination: °
Star:TOI-1227 (Gaia DR2 5842480953772012928)

TOI-1227 b is one of the youngest transiting exoplanets discovered (as of September 2022), alongside K2-33b and HIP 67522 b. The exoplanet TOI-1227 b is about million years old and currently large. It will become a planet in about 1 billion years, because the planet is still contracting. TOI-1227 b orbits its host star every 27.36 days.[1]

Characteristics

TOI-1227 b has a size that is 85% that of Jupiter, or 9.6 times that of Earth. No other Jupiter-sized planet was detected around mid- to late M-dwarfs, despite the deep transits such a planet would create. The researchers find that the planet is still hot from its formation and this heat, combined with a hydrogen-dominated primary atmosphere makes the atmosphere of TOI-1227 b inflated. Evolutionary models suggest that TOI-1227 b will eventually evolve into a sub-Neptune within the next billion years.

Future research

Radial velocity follow-up to determine the mass of TOI-1227 b is not possible in the optical, but might be possible in the near-infrared. A less challenging follow-up would be the measurement of the Spin-Orbit-Alignment via the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect.

Host star

TOI-1227 was first identified as a pre-main-sequence star (PMS star) with the Gaia satellite.[2] [3] [4] Without this prior identification as a PMS star the exoplanet signal of TOI-1227 b would have been disregarded as an eclipsing binary due to the V-shape of the transit signal.

The star is located north of the globular cluster NGC 4372, but it is much closer to earth than this cluster of stars, at a distance of about 101lk=onNaNlk=on. NGC 4372 is 5800pc away.[5]

The host star TOI-1227 is part of a subgroup of the Lower Centaurus Crux OB association, sometimes called B,[4] A0[2] and called Musca group by the scientists that discovered TOI-1227 b. This group was called Musca after the constellation Musca in which most of its members are located.

TOI-1227 has a spectral type of M4.5V to M5V, a mass 17% of the Sun and a radius 56% of the Sun. The host star is relative faint for a TOI with a visual magnitude of about 17. The right ascension of and the declination implies that it is located in the Musca constellation.[6] The host star shows Lithium in its atmosphere, which should be depleted within 10-200 million years for M-dwarfs.

References

  1. Mann . Andrew W. . Wood . Mackenna L. . Schmidt . Stephen P. . Barber . Madyson G. . Owen . James E. . Tofflemire . Benjamin M. . Newton . Elisabeth R. . Mamajek . Eric E. . Bush . Jonathan L. . Mace . Gregory N. . Kraus . Adam L. . Thao . Pa Chia . Vanderburg . Andrew . Llama . Joe . Johns-Krull . Christopher M. . 2022-04-01 . TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VI. An 11 Myr Giant Planet Transiting a Very-low-mass Star in Lower Centaurus Crux . The Astronomical Journal . 163 . 4 . 156 . 10.3847/1538-3881/ac511d . 2110.09531 . 2022AJ....163..156M . 239024522 . 0004-6256 . free .
  2. Goldman . Bertrand . Röser . Siegfried . Schilbach . Elena . Moór . Attila C. . Henning . Thomas . 2018-11-01 . A Large Moving Group within the Lower Centaurus Crux Association . The Astrophysical Journal . 868 . 1 . 32 . 10.3847/1538-4357/aae64c . 1807.02076 . 2018ApJ...868...32G . 119343278 . 0004-637X . free .
  3. Zari . E. . Hashemi . H. . Brown . A. G. A. . Jardine . K. . de Zeeuw . P. T. . 2018-12-01 . 3D mapping of young stars in the solar neighbourhood with Gaia DR2 . Astronomy and Astrophysics . 620 . A172 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201834150 . 1810.09819 . 2018A&A...620A.172Z . 119078481 . 0004-6361.
  4. Kerr . Ronan M. P. . Rizzuto . Aaron C. . Kraus . Adam L. . Offner . Stella S. R. . 2021-08-01 . Stars with Photometrically Young Gaia Luminosities Around the Solar System (SPYGLASS). I. Mapping Young Stellar Structures and Their Star Formation Histories . The Astrophysical Journal . 917 . 1 . 23 . 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0251 . 2105.09338 . 2021ApJ...917...23K . 234790391 . 0004-637X . free .
  5. Boyles . Jason . Lorimer . Duncan R. . Turk . Phil J. . Mnatsakanov . Robert . Lynch . Ryan S. . Ransom . Scott M. . Freire . Paulo C. . Belczynski . Khris . 2011-11-20 . Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters . The Astrophysical Journal . 742 . 1 . 51 . 10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51 . 0004-637X. 1108.4402 .
  6. Web site: TOI-1227. 2024-02-14 . simbad.cds.unistra.fr.
  1. Mann . Andrew W. . Wood . Mackenna L. . Schmidt . Stephen P. . Barber . Madyson G. . Owen . James E. . Tofflemire . Benjamin M. . Newton . Elisabeth R. . Mamajek . Eric E. . Bush . Jonathan L. . Mace . Gregory N. . Kraus . Adam L. . Thao . Pa Chia . Vanderburg . Andrew . Llama . Joe . Johns-Krull . Christopher M. . 2022-04-01 . TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). VI. An 11 Myr Giant Planet Transiting a Very-low-mass Star in Lower Centaurus Crux . The Astronomical Journal . 163 . 4 . 156 . 10.3847/1538-3881/ac511d . 2110.09531 . 2022AJ....163..156M . 239024522 . 0004-6256 . free .
  2. Goldman . Bertrand . Röser . Siegfried . Schilbach . Elena . Moór . Attila C. . Henning . Thomas . 2018-11-01 . A Large Moving Group within the Lower Centaurus Crux Association . The Astrophysical Journal . 868 . 1 . 32 . 10.3847/1538-4357/aae64c . 1807.02076 . 2018ApJ...868...32G . 119343278 . 0004-637X . free .
  3. Zari . E. . Hashemi . H. . Brown . A. G. A. . Jardine . K. . de Zeeuw . P. T. . 2018-12-01 . 3D mapping of young stars in the solar neighbourhood with Gaia DR2 . Astronomy and Astrophysics . 620 . A172 . 10.1051/0004-6361/201834150 . 1810.09819 . 2018A&A...620A.172Z . 119078481 . 0004-6361.
  4. Kerr . Ronan M. P. . Rizzuto . Aaron C. . Kraus . Adam L. . Offner . Stella S. R. . 2021-08-01 . Stars with Photometrically Young Gaia Luminosities Around the Solar System (SPYGLASS). I. Mapping Young Stellar Structures and Their Star Formation Histories . The Astrophysical Journal . 917 . 1 . 23 . 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0251 . 2105.09338 . 2021ApJ...917...23K . 234790391 . 0004-637X . free .
  5. Boyles . Jason . Lorimer . Duncan R. . Turk . Phil J. . Mnatsakanov . Robert . Lynch . Ryan S. . Ransom . Scott M. . Freire . Paulo C. . Belczynski . Khris . 2011-11-20 . Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters . The Astrophysical Journal . 742 . 1 . 51 . 10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51 . 0004-637X. 1108.4402 .
  6. Web site: TOI-1227. 2024-02-14 . simbad.cds.unistra.fr.

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