TMBIM4 explained

Transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMBIM4 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]} It is also known as human Golgi anti-apoptotic protein (hGAAP) due to its function and sub-cellular localization.

Function

Human GAAP ^[4] is a protein present in the Golgi that helps regulate apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death. By regulating the fluxes of Ca⁺², an increase of GAAP can help prevent apoptosis.^{[5] [6]} GAAP is also involved in promoting cell migration^{[7] [8]} and has been identified as a novel Golgi cation channel.^[9] Other GAAPs can be found in all eucaryotes analyzed and in some bacteria. A viral GAAP (vGAAP) can also be found in some strains of vaccinia virus, the live vaccine used to eradicate smallpox.

See also

• Golgi
• Apoptosis
• Ion channel
• Cell migration

References

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . January 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . October 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Hu RM, Han ZG, Song HD, Peng YD, Huang QH, Ren SX, Gu YJ, Huang CH, Li YB, Jiang CL, Fu G, Zhang QH, Gu BW, Dai M, Mao YF, Gao GF, Rong R, Ye M, Zhou J, Xu SH, Gu J, Shi JX, Jin WR, Zhang CK, Wu TM, Huang GY, Chen Z, Chen MD, Chen JL . Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97 . 17 . 9543–8 . August 2000 . 10931946 . 16901 . 10.1073/pnas.160270997 . 2000PNAS...97.9543H . free .
• Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Hayashi K, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto J, Wakamatsu A, Kimura K, Sakamoto K, Hatano N, Kawai Y, Ishii S, Saito K, Kojima S, Sugiyama T, Ono T, Okano K, Yoshikawa Y, Aotsuka S, Sasaki N, Hattori A, Okumura K, Nagai K, Sugano S, Isogai T . Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries . DNA Research . 12 . 2 . 117–26 . 2007 . 16303743 . 10.1093/dnares/12.2.117 . free .
• Gubser C, Bergamaschi D, Hollinshead M, Lu X, van Kuppeveld FJ, Smith GL . A new inhibitor of apoptosis from vaccinia virus and eukaryotes . PLOS Pathogens . 3 . 2 . e17 . February 2007 . 17319741 . 1803007 . 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030017 . free .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Molecular Systems Biology . 3 . 1 . 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 1847948 . 10.1038/msb4100134 .

Notes and References

1. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z . Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells . Genome Research . 10 . 10 . 1546–60 . October 2000 . 11042152 . 310934 . 10.1101/gr.140200 .
2. Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W . Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics . Genome Research . 10 . 5 . 703–13 . May 2000 . 10810093 . 310876 . 10.1101/gr.10.5.703 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: TMBIM4 transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 4.
4. Saraiva . Nuno . Carrara . Guia . Smith . Geoffrey L . Golgi anti-apoptotic protein: a tale of camels, calcium, channels and cancer. . Open Biology . 2017 . 7(5):170045. . 5 . 170045 . 10.1098/rsob.170045 . 28469007 . 5451544 . free .
5. de Mattia F, Gubser C, van Dommelen MM, Visch HJ, Distelmaier F, Postigo A, Luyten T, Parys JB, de Smedt H, Smith GL, Willems PH, van Kuppeveld FJ . Human Golgi antiapoptotic protein modulates intracellular calcium fluxes . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 20 . 16 . 3638–45 . August 2009 . 19553469 . 10.1091/mbc.E09-05-0385 . 2777924.
6. Saraiva N, Prole DL, Carrara G, Maluquer de Motes C, Johnson BF, Byrne B, Taylor CW, Smith GL . Human and viral Golgi anti-apoptotic proteins (GAAPs) oligomerize via different mechanisms and monomeric GAAP inhibits apoptosis and modulates calcium . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 288 . 18 . 13057–67 . May 2013 . 23508950 . 10.1074/jbc.M112.414367 . 3642348. free .
7. Saraiva. Nuno. Prole. David L.. Carrara. Guia. Johnson. Benjamin F.. Taylor. Colin W.. Parsons. Maddy. Smith. Geoffrey L.. 2013-08-19. hGAAP promotes cell adhesion and migration via the stimulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry and calpain 2. J Cell Biol. en. 202. 4. 699–713. 10.1083/jcb.201301016. 0021-9525. 3747308. 23940116.
8. Almeida . Nuno . Saraiva . Nuno . Stimulation of cell invasion by the Golgi Ion Channel GAAP/TMBIM4 via an H2O2-Dependent Mechanism. . Redox Biology . 2020 . 28:101361 . 101361 . 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101361 . 31693977 . 6838802 . free .
9. Carrara. Guia. Saraiva. Nuno. Parsons. Maddy. Byrne. Bernadette. Prole. David L.. Taylor. Colin W.. Smith. Geoffrey L.. 2015-05-01. Golgi Anti-apoptotic Proteins Are Highly Conserved Ion Channels That Affect Apoptosis and Cell Migration. Journal of Biological Chemistry. en. 290. 18. 11785–11801. 10.1074/jbc.M115.637306. 0021-9258. 4416878. 25713081. free.