TEKTIP1 explained

TEKTIP1, also known as tektin-bundle interacting protein 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TEKTIP1 gene.[1]

Gene

Tektin bundle interacting protein 1 (TEKTIP1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TEKTIP1 mRNA. The longest mRNA produced is 826 bases long.[2]

Aliases

Alias of the protein is C19orf71.[3]

Locus

The TEKTIP1 gene is located at 19p13.3.

Transcriptional Regulation

Several predicted transcription factors may bind in the promoter region: TFDP1, PLAGL1, ZSCAN4, POU2F3.[4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Chemical Interactions

Acrylamide,[9] cisplatin,[10] and silicon dioxide[11] decrease expression, while butanal (butyraldehyde), and pentanal increase expression[12] of TEKTIP1 mRNA.

Sequence orthology also suggests that valproic acid increases methylation of TEKTIP1 mRNA.[13]

Protein

The mRNA of TEKTIP1 is 654 nucleotides long. It contains five exons. The human TEKTIP1 protein is 209 amino acids long and has a predicted molecular mass of 24.5 kDa. The human protein has a theoretical isoelectric point of 9.1.[14]

Isoforms

There are two splice isoforms of the protein, X1[15] and X2.[16]

X1 & X2 Isoform Orthologs!X1 !X2
Tibetan macaque[17] Chimpanzee[18]
Olive baboon[19] Olive baboon[20]
Panamanian white-faced capuchin[21] Common marmoset[22]
Golden[23] and Black[24] snub-nosed monkeysGolden sub-nosed monkey[25]
Elk[26] Elk[27]
Red deer[28] Red deer[29]
Greater horseshoe bat[30] Bats[31] [32] [33]
Red fox[34] Polar bear[35]

Characteristics & structure

TEKTIP1 is highly enriched in tryptophan and tyrosine.[36] Additionally, the protein is semi-enriched in arginine and proline.[37]

Expression

TEKTIP1 is tissue specific and is found in higher levels in the kidney, testis and thymus.[38]

In fetal development, it is found in higher levels in the Adrenal glands during weeks 16-20.

TEKTIP1 protein is said to be specific to the testis and is found in early spermatids during spermatogenesis.[39]

Evolution

Orthologs

Over 240 organisms have orthologs with human gene TEKTIP1. The most distant organism with an orthologous sequence to human TEKTIP1 is the West African lungfish (estimated date of divergence of 408 MYA).[40] [41]

Selected Orthologs for TEKTIP1!Genus and Species!Common Name!Taxonomic Group!Median Date of Divergence (MYA)!Accession #!Sequence length (aa)!Sequence Identity to Human Protein %!Sequence Similarity to Human Protein %
Homo sapiensHumanPrimates/Hominidae0NP_001129052.1209100100
Pan troglodyteChimpanzeePrimates6.4XP_003316050.120998.198.6
Mus musculusMouseRodentia87NP_001014836.221745.660.4
Bos taurusCowArtiodactyla94NP_00107055020876.684.2
Panthera tigrisTigerCarnivora94XP_042833719.121034.138.9
Orcinus orcaKiller whaleCetacea94XP_012394771.22166373.1
Phascolarctos cinereusKoalaDiprodontia160XP_020824948.121152.967.4
Haliaeetus leucocephalusBald EagleAccipitiformes319XP_010580112.120641.452
Dromaius novaehollandiaeEmuAves319XP_025961204.119044.856.7
Gallus gallus domesticusChickenAves319XP_015155269.218838.248.4
Crocodylus porosusSaltwater CrocodileCrocodilia319XP_019406144.121054.368.3
Caretta carettaLoggerhead Sea TurtleTestudines319XP_048687032.121647.857.3
Zootoca viviparaCommon lizardSquamata319XP_034975173.120048.859.5
Crotalus tigrisTiger RattlesnakeSquamata319XP_039190693.119945.857.5
Protobothrops mucrosquamatusVenomous Pit ViperSquamata319XP_015665555.119945.156.7
Bufo bufoCommon ToadSalientia353XP_04027637513624.734.3
Geotrypetes seraphiniGaboon CaecilianCaecilians353XP_033813379.115636.145.8
Microcaecilia unicolorTiny CaecilianCaecilians353XP_030074922.114234.342.6
Protopterus annectensWest African LungfishActinopterygii 408XP_043910031.114228.639

References

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Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2022-08-14 . Homo sapiens tektin bundle interacting protein 1 (TEKTIP1), mRNA . en-US.
  2. Web site: 2022-04-05 . PREDICTED: Homo sapiens tektin bundle interacting protein 1 (TEKTIP1), transcript variant X1, mRNA . en-US.
  3. Web site: tektin bundle interacting protein 1 [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  4. Zaragoza K, Bégay V, Schuetz A, Heinemann U, Leutz A . Repression of transcriptional activity of C/EBPalpha by E2F-dimerization partner complexes . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 30 . 9 . 2293–2304 . May 2010 . 20176812 . 2863587 . 10.1128/MCB.01619-09 .
  5. Wu CL, Zukerberg LR, Ngwu C, Harlow E, Lees JA . In vivo association of E2F and DP family proteins . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 15 . 5 . 2536–2546 . May 1995 . 7739537 . 230484 . 10.1128/MCB.15.5.2536 .
  6. Helin K, Wu CL, Fattaey AR, Lees JA, Dynlacht BD, Ngwu C, Harlow E . Heterodimerization of the transcription factors E2F-1 and DP-1 leads to cooperative trans-activation . Genes & Development . 7 . 10 . 1850–1861 . October 1993 . 8405995 . 10.1101/gad.7.10.1850 . free .
  7. Hildesheim J, Foster RA, Chamberlin ME, Vogel JC . Characterization of the regulatory domains of the human skn-1a/Epoc-1/Oct-11 POU transcription factor . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 274 . 37 . 26399–26406 . September 1999 . 10473598 . 10.1074/jbc.274.37.26399 . free .
  8. Portney BA, Khatri R, Meltzer WA, Mariano JM, Zalzman M . ZSCAN4 is negatively regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF20 . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 498 . 1 . 72–78 . March 2018 . 29477841 . 5928792 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.155 .
  9. Bu Q, Huang Y, Li M, Dai Y, Fang X, Chen K, Liu Q, Xue A, Zhong K, Huang Y, Gao H, Cen X . 6 . Acrylamide exposure represses neuronal differentiation, induces cell apoptosis and promotes tau hyperphosphorylation in hESC-derived 3D cerebral organoids . Food and Chemical Toxicology . 144 . 111643 . October 2020 . 32763439 . 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111643 . 221073688 .
  10. Lu J, Chen J, Xu N, Wu J, Kang Y, Shen T, Kong H, Ma C, Cheng M, Shao Z, Xu L, Zhao X . 6 . Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress . Toxicology Letters . 258 . 227–236 . September 2016 . 27392435 . 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.002 .
  11. Pisani C, Gaillard JC, Nouvel V, Odorico M, Armengaud J, Prat O . High-throughput, quantitative assessment of the effects of low-dose silica nanoparticles on lung cells: grasping complex toxicity with a great depth of field . BMC Genomics . 16 . 1 . 315 . April 2015 . 25895662 . 4404697 . 10.1186/s12864-015-1521-5 . free .
  12. Song MK, Lee HS, Ryu JC . Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles highlights aldehyde-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity . Toxicology . 334 . 111–121 . August 2015 . 26079696 . 10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.007 .
  13. van Breda SG, Claessen SM, van Herwijnen M, Theunissen DH, Jennen DG, de Kok TM, Kleinjans JC . Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction . Toxicology . 393 . 160–170 . January 2018 . 29154799 . 10.1016/j.tox.2017.11.013 . free .
  14. Web site: Expasy - Compute pI/Mw tool . 2022-12-14 . web.expasy.org.
  15. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 isoform X1 [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  16. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 isoform X2 [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  17. Web site: tektin bundle interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [Macaca thibetana thibe - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_050626701.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=8&RID=N2XDWSW6013 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  18. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Pan troglodytes] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  19. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Papio anubis] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  20. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Papio anubis] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  21. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Cebus imitator] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  22. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Callithrix jacchu - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_008985235.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=30&RID=N2YRA4S9016 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  23. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Rhinopithecus rox - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_010365592.2?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=17&RID=N2XDWSW6013 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  24. Web site: PREDICTED: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Rhinop - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_017703490.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=19&RID=N2XV1U28013 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  25. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Rhinopithecus rox - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_030791076.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=21&RID=N2YRA4S9016 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  26. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Cervus canadensis - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043322099.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=49&RID=N2XV1U28013 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  27. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Cervus canadensis - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_043322100.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=55&RID=N2YRA4S9016 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  28. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Cervus elaphus] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  29. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Cervus elaphus] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  30. Web site: tektin bundle interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [Rhinolophus ferrumequi - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_032990618.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=79&RID=N2XV1U28013 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  31. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Myotis myotis] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  32. Web site: PREDICTED: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog [Myotis brandtii] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  33. Web site: tektin bundle interacting protein 1 isoform X2 [Rhinolophus ferrumequi - Protein - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/XP_032990619.1?report=genbank&log$=prottop&blast_rank=96&RID=N2YRA4S9016 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov].
  34. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X1 [Vulpes vulpes] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  35. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog isoform X2 [Ursus maritimus] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-10-20 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  36. Web site: Kelley . Lawrence . PHYRE2 Protein Fold Recognition Server . 2022-12-14 . www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk . en.
  37. Web site: SAPS < Sequence Statistics < EMBL-EBI . 2022-12-14 . www.ebi.ac.uk.
  38. Web site: TEKTIP1 tektin bundle interacting protein 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI ]. 2022-12-14 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  39. Web site: C19orf71 protein expression summary - The Human Protein Atlas . 2022-12-14 . www.proteinatlas.org.
  40. Web site: TimeTree :: The Timescale of Life . 2022-12-15 . timetree.org . en.
  41. Web site: uncharacterized protein C19orf71 homolog [Protopterus annectens] - Protein - NCBI ]. 2022-12-15 . www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

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