TAP1 explained

Transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAP1 gene. A member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter family, it is also known as ABCB2.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the MDR/TAP subfamily. Members of the MDR/TAP subfamily are involved in multidrug resistance. The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the pumping of degraded cytosolic peptides across the endoplasmic reticulum into the membrane-bound compartment where class I molecules assemble. Mutations in this gene may be associated with ankylosing spondylitis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and celiac disease.^[3]

See also

• ATP-binding cassette transporter

Interactions

TAP1 has been shown to interact with:

• HLA-A, and
• Tapasin.^{[4] [5]}

References

Further reading

• Townsend A, Trowsdale J . The transporters associated with antigen presentation . Semin. Cell Biol. . 4 . 1 . 53–61 . 1993 . 8453065 . 10.1006/scel.1993.1007 .
• Schölz C, Tampé R . The intracellular antigen transport machinery TAP in adaptive immunity and virus escape mechanisms . J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. . 37 . 6 . 509–515 . 2006 . 16691491 . 10.1007/s10863-005-9500-1 . 28129678 .
• Beck S, Kelly A, Radley E, Khurshid F, Alderton RP, Trowsdale J . DNA sequence analysis of 66 kb of the human MHC class II region encoding a cluster of genes for antigen processing . J. Mol. Biol. . 228 . 2 . 433–441 . 1992 . 1453454 . 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90832-5 .
• Colonna M, Bresnahan M, Bahram S, Strominger JL, Spies T . Allelic variants of the human putative peptide transporter involved in antigen processing . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 89 . 9 . 3932–3936 . 1992 . 1570316 . 525605 . 10.1073/pnas.89.9.3932 . 1992PNAS...89.3932C . free .
• Trowsdale J, Hanson I, Mockridge I, Beck S, Townsend A, Kelly A . Sequences encoded in the class II region of the MHC related to the 'ABC' superfamily of transporters . Nature . 348 . 6303 . 741–744 . 1991 . 2259383 . 10.1038/348741a0 . 4279033 .
• Spies T, Bresnahan M, Bahram S, Arnold D, Blanck G, Mellins E, Pious D, DeMars R . A gene in the human major histocompatibility complex class II region controlling the class I antigen presentation pathway . Nature . 348 . 6303 . 744–747 . 1991 . 2259384 . 10.1038/348744a0 . 31875999 .
• Cerundolo V, Alexander J, Anderson K, Lamb C, Cresswell P, McMichael A, Gotch F, Townsend A . Presentation of viral antigen controlled by a gene in the major histocompatibility complex . Nature . 345 . 6274 . 449–452 . 1990 . 2342577 . 10.1038/345449a0 . 1990Natur.345..449C . 20178053 . free .
• Szafer F, Oksenberg JR, Steinman L . New allelic polymorphisms in TAP genes . Immunogenetics . 39 . 5 . 374 . 1994 . 8168860 . 10.1007/BF00189240 . 23485390 .
• Jackson DG, Capra JD . TAP1 alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a newly defined centromeric boundary of disease susceptibility . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 90 . 23 . 11079–11083 . 1994 . 8248212 . 47925 . 10.1073/pnas.90.23.11079 . free .
• Glynne R, Kerr LA, Mockridge I, Beck S, Kelly A, Trowsdale J . The major histocompatibility complex-encoded proteasome component LMP7: alternative first exons and post-translational processing . Eur. J. Immunol. . 23 . 4 . 860–866 . 1993 . 8458375 . 10.1002/eji.1830230414 . 44733094 .
• Beck S, Abdulla S, Alderton RP, Glynne RJ, Gut IG, Hosking LK, Jackson A, Kelly A, Newell WR, Sanseau P, Radley E, Thorpe KL, Trowsdale J . Evolutionary dynamics of non-coding sequences within the class II region of the human MHC . J. Mol. Biol. . 255 . 1 . 1–13 . 1996 . 8568858 . 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0001 .
• Chen HL, Gabrilovich D, Tampé R, Girgis KR, Nadaf S, Carbone DP . A functionally defective allele of TAP1 results in loss of MHC class I antigen presentation in a human lung cancer . Nat. Genet. . 13 . 2 . 210–213 . 1996 . 8640228 . 10.1038/ng0696-210 . 20367760 .
• Ahn K, Meyer TH, Uebel S, Sempé P, Djaballah H, Yang Y, Peterson PA, Früh K, Tampé R . Molecular mechanism and species specificity of TAP inhibition by herpes simplex virus ICP47 . EMBO J. . 15 . 13 . 3247–3255 . 1996 . 8670825 . 451885 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00689.x.
• Lewis JW, Neisig A, Neefjes J, Elliott T . Point mutations in the alpha 2 domain of HLA-A2.1 define a functionally relevant interaction with TAP . Curr. Biol. . 6 . 7 . 873–883 . 1997 . 8805302 . 10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00611-5 . free .
• Nijenhuis M, Hämmerling GJ . Multiple regions of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) contribute to its peptide binding site . J. Immunol. . 157 . 12 . 5467–5477 . 1997 . 10.4049/jimmunol.157.12.5467 . 8955196 . free .
• Gobin SJ, Wilson L, Keijsers V, Van den Elsen PJ . Antigen processing and presentation by human trophoblast-derived cell lines . J. Immunol. . 158 . 8 . 3587–3592 . 1997 . 10.4049/jimmunol.158.8.3587 . 9103419 . free .
• Ahn K, Gruhler A, Galocha B, Jones TR, Wiertz EJ, Ploegh HL, Peterson PA, Yang Y, Früh K . The ER-luminal domain of the HCMV glycoprotein US6 inhibits peptide translocation by TAP . Immunity . 6 . 5 . 613–621 . 1997 . 9175839 . 10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80349-0 . free .

Notes and References

1. Bodmer JG, Marsh SG, Albert ED, Bodmer WF, Dupont B, Erlich HA, Mach B, Mayr WR, Parham P, Sasazuki T . Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1991. WHO Nomenclature Committee for factors of the HLA system . Tissue Antigens . 39 . 4 . 161–173 . Oct 1992 . 1529427 . 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb01932.x . free .
2. Bahram S, Arnold D, Bresnahan M, Strominger JL, Spies T . Two putative subunits of a peptide pump encoded in the human major histocompatibility complex class II region . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 88 . 22 . 10094–10098 . Dec 1991 . 1946428 . 52874 . 10.1073/pnas.88.22.10094 . 1991PNAS...8810094B . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: TAP1 transporter 1, ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP).
4. Paulsson KM, Kleijmeer MJ, Griffith J, Jevon M, Chen S, Anderson PO, Sjogren HO, Li S, Wang P . Association of tapasin and COPI provides a mechanism for the retrograde transport of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules from the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 21 . 18266–18271 . May 2002 . 11884415 . 10.1074/jbc.M201388200 . free .
5. Raghuraman G, Lapinski PE, Raghavan M . Tapasin interacts with the membrane-spanning domains of both TAP subunits and enhances the structural stability of TAP1 x TAP2 Complexes . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 44 . 41786–41794 . Nov 2002 . 12213826 . 10.1074/jbc.M207128200 . free .