Transgelin Explained

Transgelin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAGLN gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

The protein encoded by this gene is a transformation and shape-change sensitive actin cross-linking/gelling protein found in fibroblasts and smooth muscle. Its expression is down-regulated in many cell lines, and this down-regulation may be an early and sensitive marker for the onset of transformation. A functional role of this protein is unclear. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Further reading

• Nishida W, Kitami Y, Abe M, Hiwada K . Gene cloning and nucleotide sequence of SM22 alpha from the chicken gizzard smooth muscle . Biochem. Int. . 23 . 4 . 663–8 . 1991 . 1872880 .
• Nagase T, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, etal . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. III. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0081-KIAA0120) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1 . DNA Res. . 2 . 1 . 37–43 . 1995 . 7788527 . 10.1093/dnares/2.1.37 . free .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Li L, Liu Z, Mercer B, etal . Evidence for serum response factor-mediated regulatory networks governing SM22alpha transcription in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells . Dev. Biol. . 187 . 2 . 311–21 . 1997 . 9242426 . 10.1006/dbio.1997.8621 . free .
• Yamamura H, Masuda H, Ikeda W, etal . Structure and expression of the human SM22alpha gene, assignment of the gene to chromosome 11, and repression of the promoter activity by cytosine DNA methylation . J. Biochem. . 122 . 1 . 157–67 . 1997 . 9276683 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021722.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, etal . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Lawson D, Harrison M, Shapland C . Fibroblast transgelin and smooth muscle SM22alpha are the same protein, the expression of which is down-regulated in many cell lines . Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton . 38 . 3 . 250–7 . 1998 . 9384215 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1997)38:3<250::AID-CM3>3.0.CO;2-9 .
• Camoretti-Mercado B, Forsythe SM, LeBeau MM, etal . Expression and cytogenetic localization of the human SM22 gene (TAGLN) . Genomics . 49 . 3 . 452–7 . 1998 . 9615232 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5267 .
• Fu Y, Liu HW, Forsythe SM, etal . Mutagenesis analysis of human SM22: characterization of actin binding . J. Appl. Physiol. . 89 . 5 . 1985–90 . 2001 . 11053353 . 10.1152/jappl.2000.89.5.1985. 1573662 .
• Shields JM, Rogers-Graham K, Der CJ . Loss of transgelin in breast and colon tumors and in RIE-1 cells by Ras deregulation of gene expression through Raf-independent pathways . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 12 . 9790–9 . 2002 . 11773051 . 10.1074/jbc.M110086200 . free .
• Chainiaux F, Magalhaes JP, Eliaers F, etal . UVB-induced premature senescence of human diploid skin fibroblasts . Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. . 34 . 11 . 1331–9 . 2002 . 12200029 . 10.1016/S1357-2725(02)00022-5 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Xu R, Ho YS, Ritchie RP, Li L . Human SM22 alpha BAC encompasses regulatory sequences for expression in vascular and visceral smooth muscles at fetal and adult stages . Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. . 284 . 4 . H1398–407 . 2003 . 12521938 . 10.1152/ajpheart.00737.2002 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Yang Z, Chang YJ, Miyamoto H, etal . Transgelin functions as a suppressor via inhibition of ARA54-enhanced androgen receptor transactivation and prostate cancer cell growth . Mol. Endocrinol. . 21 . 2 . 343–58 . 2007 . 17082327 . 10.1210/me.2006-0104 . free .
• Liao X, Li S, Lou Z, etal . Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of transgelin . Protein Pept. Lett. . 14 . 2 . 209–11 . 2007 . 17305610 . 10.2174/092986607779816122 .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, etal . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Mol. Syst. Biol. . 3 . 1. 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 10.1038/msb4100134 . 1847948 .

Notes and References

1. Kobayashi R, Kubota T, Hidaka H . Purification, characterization, and partial sequence analysis of a new 25-kDa actin-binding protein from bovine aorta: a SM22 homolog . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 198 . 3 . 1275–80 . Mar 1994 . 8117285 . 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1180 .
2. Thweatt R, ((Lumpkin CK Jr)), Goldstein S . A novel gene encoding a smooth muscle protein is overexpressed in senescent human fibroblasts . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 187 . 1 . 1–7 . Oct 1992 . 1520290 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(05)81449-4 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: TAGLN transgelin.