TAF1C explained

TATA box-binding protein-associated factor RNA polymerase I subunit C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TAF1C gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I requires the formation of a complex composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and three TBP-associated factors (TAFs) specific for RNA polymerase I. This complex, known as SL1, binds to the core promoter of ribosomal RNA genes to position the polymerase properly and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. This gene encodes the largest SL1-specific TAF. Two transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified.

Interactions

TAF1C has been shown to interact with UBTF.^{[3] [4]}

Further reading

• Di Pietro C, Rapisarda A, Amico V, Bonaiuto C, Viola A, Scalia M, Motta S, Amato A, Engel H, Messina A, Sichel G, Grzeschik K, Purrello M . Genomic localization of the human genes TAF1A, TAF1B and TAF1C, encoding TAF(I)48, TAF(I)63 and TAF(I)110 subunits of class I general transcription initiation factor SL1 . Cytogenet. Cell Genet. . 89 . 1–2 . 133–6 . 2000 . 10894955 . 10.1159/000015592 . 27014629 .
• Miller G, Panov KI, Friedrich JK, Trinkle-Mulcahy L, Lamond AI, Zomerdijk JC . hRRN3 is essential in the SL1-mediated recruitment of RNA Polymerase I to rRNA gene promoters . EMBO J. . 20 . 6 . 1373–82 . 2001 . 11250903 . 145519 . 10.1093/emboj/20.6.1373 .
• Yuan X, Zhao J, Zentgraf H, Hoffmann-Rohrer U, Grummt I . Multiple interactions between RNA polymerase I, TIF-IA and TAF(I) subunits regulate preinitiation complex assembly at the ribosomal gene promoter . EMBO Rep. . 3 . 11 . 1082–7 . 2002 . 12393749 . 1307603 . 10.1093/embo-reports/kvf212 .
• Yamamoto K, Yamamoto M, Hanada K, Nogi Y, Matsuyama T, Muramatsu M . Multiple protein-protein interactions by RNA polymerase I-associated factor PAF49 and role of PAF49 in rRNA transcription . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 24 . 14 . 6338–49 . 2004 . 15226435 . 434256 . 10.1128/MCB.24.14.6338-6349.2004 .
• Grandori C, Gomez-Roman N, Felton-Edkins ZA, Ngouenet C, Galloway DA, Eisenman RN, White RJ . c-Myc binds to human ribosomal DNA and stimulates transcription of rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I . Nat. Cell Biol. . 7 . 3 . 311–8 . 2005 . 15723054 . 10.1038/ncb1224 . 8913931 .
• Friedrich JK, Panov KI, Cabart P, Russell J, Zomerdijk JC . TBP-TAF complex SL1 directs RNA polymerase I pre-initiation complex formation and stabilizes upstream binding factor at the rDNA promoter . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 33 . 29551–8 . 2005 . 15970593 . 10.1074/jbc.M501595200 . 3858828. free .
• Zhang C, Comai L, Johnson DL . PTEN represses RNA Polymerase I transcription by disrupting the SL1 complex . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 25 . 16 . 6899–911 . 2005 . 16055704 . 1190253 . 10.1128/MCB.25.16.6899-6911.2005 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 1356129 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 .

Notes and References

1. Comai L, Zomerdijk JC, Beckmann H, Zhou S, Admon A, Tjian R . Reconstitution of transcription factor SL1: exclusive binding of TBP by SL1 or TFIID subunits . Science . 266 . 5193 . 1966–72 . 1994 . 7801123 . 10.1126/science.7801123 . 1994Sci...266.1966C .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: TAF1C TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, RNA polymerase I, C, 110kDa.
3. Voit R, Grummt I . Phosphorylation of UBF at serine 388 is required for interaction with RNA polymerase I and activation of rDNA transcription . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 98 . 24 . 13631–6 . November 2001 . 11698641 . 61092 . 10.1073/pnas.231071698 . 2001PNAS...9813631V . free .
4. Zhai W, Comai L . Repression of RNA polymerase I transcription by the tumor suppressor p53 . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 20 . 16 . 5930–8 . August 2000 . 10913176 . 86070 . 10.1128/MCB.20.16.5930-5938.2000 .