| Honorific Prefix: | Professor |
| Order: | 4th |
| Office: | Minister of Defence (Vietnam) |
| Term Start: | August 1947 |
| Term End: | August 1948 |
| Predecessor: | Võ Nguyên Giáp |
| Successor: | Võ Nguyên Giáp |
| Primeminister: | Hồ Chí Minh |
| Birth Place: | Nam Đàn, Nghệ An, Annam (French protectorate) |
| Death Place: | Hà Nội, Việt Nam |
| Allegiance: | Democratic Republic of Vietnam |
| Branch: | People's Army of Vietnam |
Tạ Quang Bửu (1910–1986) was a Vietnamese scientist and politician. He was the fourth Minister of Defence of Vietnam (August 1947 to August 1948) and held the position of Deputy Minister of Ministry of Defence (Vietnam) from 1954 to 1958.[1]
In 2015, Ministry of Science and Technology (Vietnam) established Tạ Quang Bửu Prize - an annual prize to encourage and honor scientists with outstanding achievement in basic research in the fields of natural sciences and engineering.[2]