Syntormon Explained
Syntormon is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It includes about 110 species worldwide, more than 50 of which were described from the Palaearctic realm.[1]
Etymology
The name Syntormon is derived from the Ancient Greek word Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: συντορμόω ("I connect by inserted pins"); it refers to the second segment of the antennae which has a small thumb-shaped projection going into the inner side of the third segment, appearing as if it were a pin inserted into a socket.[2] [3]
Species
The following species are included in the genus:
Subgenus Syntormon Loew, 1857:
- Syntormon abbreviatus Becker, 1918
- Syntormon affinis (Wheeler, 1899)
- Syntormon ama Hollis, 1964
- Syntormon aotearoa Bickel, 1999[4]
- Syntormon babu Hollis, 1964
- Syntormon beijingensis Yang, 1998
- Syntormon bicolorellus (Zetterstedt, 1843)
- Syntormon bisinuatus Van Duzee, 1925
- Syntormon boninensis Bickel, 1994
- Syntormon brevicornis Frey, 1936
- Syntormon bulgariensis Negrobov & Kechev, 2012
- Syntormon caffer Curran, 1925
- Syntormon californicus Harmston, 1951
- Syntormon cilitarsis Becker, 1922
- Syntormon cilitibia Stackelberg, 1947
- Syntormon cinereiventris (Loew, 1861)
- Syntormon clavatus Van Duzee, 1925
- Syntormon codinai Parent, 1924
- Syntormon curvisetus Negrobov, Kumazawa & Tago in Negrobov, Kumazawa, Tago & Selivanova, 2015
- Syntormon cyanescens (Loew, 1858)
- Syntormon denticulatus (Zetterstedt, 1843)
- Syntormon detritus Becker, 1922
- Syntormon dissimilipes Van Duzee, 1925
- Syntormon dorsalis Vanschuytbroeck, 1951
- Syntormon dukha Hollis, 1964
- Syntormon edwardsi Van Duzee, 1930
- Syntormon elongatus Becker, 1922
- Syntormon emeiensis Yang & Saigusa, 1999
- Syntormon eutarsiformis Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon femoratus Van Duzee, 1925
- Syntormon filiger Verrall, 1912
- Syntormon flavicoxus Negrobov, Kumazawa & Tago in Negrobov, Kumazawa, Tago & Selivanova, 2015
- Syntormon flexibilis Becker, 1922[5]
- Syntormon francoisi Meuffels & Grootaert, 1999
- Syntormon freymuthae Loew, 1873
- Syntormon frivolus Becker, 1922
- Syntormon fuscipes (von Roser, 1840)
- Syntormon giordanii Negrobov, 1974
- Syntormon grootaerti Maslova, Negrobov & Selivanova, 2017[6]
- Syntormon henanensis Yang & Saigusa, 2000
- Syntormon iranicus Negrobov, 1974
- Syntormon janelithae Bickel, 1999[4]
- Syntormon kennedyi Harmston & Knowlton, 1942
- Syntormon latitarsis Negrobov & Shamshev, 1984
- Syntormon longipes Parent, 1938
- Syntormon longistylus Grichanov, 2001[7] [8]
- Syntormon lucaris Bickel, 1999[4]
- Syntormon luchunensis Yang & Saigusa, 2001
- Syntormon luishuiensis Yang & Saigusa, 2001
- Syntormon luteicornis Parent, 1927
- Syntormon macula Parent, 1927
- Syntormon medogensis Wang, Yang & Masunaga, 2006[9]
- Syntormon metathesis (Loew, 1850)
- Syntormon miki Strobl, 1899
- Syntormon monile (Haliday, 1851)
- Syntormon monochaetus Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon mutillatus Becker, 1918
- Syntormon nubilus Van Duzee, 1933[10]
- Syntormon obscurior Parent, 1938
- Syntormon opimus Vanschuytbroeck, 1951
- Syntormon oregonensis Harmston & Knowlton, 1942
- Syntormon ornatipes Van Duzee, 1925
- Syntormon pallipes (Fabricius, 1794)
- Syntormon palmaris (Loew, 1864)
- Syntormon papei Grichanov, 2001[7]
- Syntormon parvus Vanschuytbroeck, 1951
- Syntormon pennatus Ringdahl, 1920
- Syntormon peregrinus Parent, 1954
- Syntormon pilitibia Grichanov, 2013[1]
- Syntormon pseudopalmarae Negrobov & Shamshev, 1985
- Syntormon pseudospicatus Strobl, 1899[11]
- Syntormon pumilus (Meigen, 1824)
- Syntormon punctatus (Zetterstedt, 1843)
- Syntormon qianus Wei & Yang, 2007
- Syntormon quadratus Aldrich, 1901
- Syntormon rhodani Vaillant, 1983
- Syntormon rotundicornis Van Duzee, 1931
- Syntormon samarkandi Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon setosus Parent, 1938
- Syntormon simplicitarsis Van Duzee, 1925
- Syntormon singaporensis Grootaert, Yang & Wang, 2006
- Syntormon singularis Bickel, 1999[4]
- Syntormon siplivinskii Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon smirnovi Stackelberg, 1952
- Syntormon straeleni Vanschuytbroeck, 1951
- Syntormon strataegus (Wheeler, 1899)
- Syntormon subinermis (Loew, 1869)
- Syntormon subinermis asiaticus Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon subinermis subinermis (Loew, 1869)
- Syntormon submonilis Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon sulcipes (Meigen, 1824)
- Syntormon tabarkae Becker, 1918
- Syntormon tamatave Grichanov, 2001[7]
- Syntormon tarsatus (Fallén, 1823)
- Syntormon tasmanensis Bickel, 1999[4]
- Syntormon triangulipes Becker, 1902
- Syntormon tricoloripes Curran, 1923
- Syntormon trisetus Yang, 1998
- Syntormon uintaensis Harmston & Knowlton, 1940
- Syntormon utahensis Harmston & Knowlton, 1942
- Syntormon valae Negrobov & Zhilina, 1986
- Syntormon vanduzeei Curran, 1931
- Syntormon variegatus Harmston, 1952
- Syntormon violovitshi Negrobov, 1975
- Syntormon wittei Vanschuytbroeck, 1951
- Syntormon xinjiangensis Yang, 1999
- Syntormon xiphandroides Parent, 1932
- Syntormon xishuiensis Wang, Yang & Grootaert, 2008
- Syntormon xizangensis Yang, 1999
- Syntormon zelleri (Loew, 1850
- Syntormon zhengi Yang, 1998
Subgenus Drymonoeca Becker, 1907:
- Syntormon aulicus (Meigen, 1824)
Unrecognised species:
- Syntormon decoratus (Haliday, 1832)
Synonyms:
- Syntormon dobrogicus Pârvu, 1985: synonym of Syntormon metathesis (Loew, 1850)
- Syntormon praeteritus (Parent, 1929): moved to Sympycnus
- Syntormon silvianus Pârvu, 1989: synonym of Syntormon submonilis Negrobov, 1975[12]
Syntormon guizhouensis Wang & Yang, 2006 is an unavailable name, as it does not satisfy ICZN Articles 16.1 and 16.4: the original publication does not explicitly indicate the name to be intentionally new, and the fixation of name-bearing types for the species is not explicit.[13]
Notes and References
- Grichanov. Igor Ya. Systematic notes on West-Palearctic species of the genus Syntormon Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection RAAS. 2013. Supplement. 1–95. 24 September 2015. 1815-3682.
- Loew. H.. 1864. Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part II. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 6. 1–360.
- Book: d'Assis Fonseca, E.C.M.. 1978. Diptera Orthorrhapha Brachycera Dolichopodidae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. IX, Part 5. 6. Royal Entomological Society of London. 30 March 2024.
- Bickel. D. J.. 1999. Australian Sympycninae II: Syntormon Loew and Nothorhaphium, gen. nov., with a treatment of the Western Pacific fauna, and notes on the subfamily Rhaphiinae and Dactylonotus Parent (Diptera : Dolichopodidae). Invertebrate Taxonomy. 13. 1. 179–206. 10.1071/IT97028.
- Becker . Theodor . Theodor Becker . 1922 . Dipterologische Studien – Dolichopodidae der Indo-Australischen Region . Capita Zoologica . 1 . 4 . 1–247 . 27 April 2023 . 27 April 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230427141000/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/228537#page/9/mode/1up . live .
- Maslova. O. O.. Negrobov. O. P.. Selivanova. O. V.. 2017. A new species of the genus Syntormon Loew, 1857 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Primorye. Far Eastern Entomologist. 334. 21–24. 3 January 2019. 4 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190104021336/http://www.biosoil.ru/Files/FEE/00000566.pdf. dead.
- Grichanov. I. Ya.. 2001. Afrotropical Syntormon Loew and new synonyms in the genus Rhaphium Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). International Journal of Dipterological Research. 12. 4. 181–194. 23 April 2019. 23 April 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190423133511/http://grichanov.aiq.ru/syntormon.html. live.
- Grichanov. I. Ya.. 2020. Afrotropical Dolichopodoidae (Diptera) catalogue: Changes and corrections. Amurian Zoological Journal. 12. 4. 406–411. 10.33910/2686-9519-2020-12-4-406-411. free. 5 December 2020. 21 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210121150643/https://azjournal.ru/index.php/azjournal/article/view/604/531. live.
- Mengqing. Wang. Ding. Yang. Kazuhiro. Masunaga. 2006. Note on Syntormon from Chinese Mainland (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 132. 1/2. 129–132. 10.3157/0002-8320(2006)132[129:NOSFCM]2.0.CO;2. 25078919. 129143070 .
- Van Duzee. M.C.. New American Dolichopidae. American Museum Novitates. 1933. 655. 1–20. 18 February 2016. The American Museum of Natural History. New York City. 5 January 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170105092156/http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/2067/N0655.pdf?sequence=1. live.
- Drake. C.M.. 2020. The identity of Syntormon pseudospicatum Strobl (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Dipterists Digest . Second Series. 27. 61–82.
- Drake. C.M.. 2021. Comments on the taxonomic status of some British species of Syntormon Loew, 1857 (Diptera, Dolichopodidae). Dipterists Digest . Second Series . 28. 17–44.
- Igor Ya.. Grichanov. 2017. Alphabetic list of generic and specific names of predatory flies of the epifamily Dolichopodoidae (Diptera). 2nd ed.. Plant Protection News, Supplements. All-Union Research Institute of Plant Protection (VISR). St.Petersburg. 23. 10.5281/zenodo.884863. free. 9 April 2022. 25 January 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220125055848/http://vizr.spb.ru/assets/docs/vestnik/sup/Grichanov%202017%20Dolibank-sec.pdf. live.