Syndecan-2 Explained

Syndecan-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SDC2 gene.^[1]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a transmembrane (type I) heparan sulfate proteoglycan and is a member of the syndecan proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding, cell signaling, and cytoskeletal organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the HIV-1 tat protein. The syndecan-2 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Altered syndecan-2 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.^[2]

Interactions

SDC2 has been shown to interact with:

• CASK,^{[3] [4]}
• Laminin, alpha 3,^[5] and
• EZR^[6]

Further reading

• Mahley RW, Ji ZS . Remnant lipoprotein metabolism: key pathways involving cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans and apolipoprotein E. . J. Lipid Res. . 40 . 1 . 1–16 . 1999 . 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)33334-4 . 9869645 . free .
• Labarrere CA, Pitts D, Halbrook H, Faulk WP . Natural anticoagulant pathways in normal and transplanted human hearts. . J. Heart Lung Transplant. . 11 . 2 Pt 1 . 342–7 . 1992 . 1315572 .
• Marynen P, Zhang J, Cassiman JJ, Van den Berghe H, David G . Partial primary structure of the 48- and 90-kilodalton core proteins of cell surface-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans of lung fibroblasts. Prediction of an integral membrane domain and evidence for multiple distinct core proteins at the cell surface of human lung fibroblasts. . J. Biol. Chem. . 264 . 12 . 7017–24 . 1989 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83534-7 . 2523388 . free .
• Sage H, Vernon RB, Funk SE, Everitt EA, Angello J . SPARC, a secreted protein associated with cellular proliferation, inhibits cell spreading in vitro and exhibits Ca+2-dependent binding to the extracellular matrix. . J. Cell Biol. . 109 . 1 . 341–56 . 1989 . 2745554 . 2115491 . 10.1083/jcb.109.1.341 .
• Lories V, De Boeck H, David G, Cassiman JJ, Van den Berghe H . Heparan sulfate proteoglycans of human lung fibroblasts. Structural heterogeneity of the core proteins of the hydrophobic cell-associated forms. . J. Biol. Chem. . 262 . 2 . 854–9 . 1987 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)75865-7 . 2948951 . free .
• Brown KJ, Parish CR . Histidine-rich glycoprotein and platelet factor 4 mask heparan sulfate proteoglycans recognized by acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor. . Biochemistry . 33 . 46 . 13918–27 . 1994 . 7524669 . 10.1021/bi00250a047 .
• Bolton P, Powell J, Rutter M, Buckle V, Yates JR, Ishikawa-Brush Y, Monaco AP . Autism, mental retardation, multiple exostoses and short stature in a female with 46,X,t(X;8)(p22.13;q22.1). . Psychiatr. Genet. . 5 . 2 . 51–5 . 1995 . 7551962 . 10.1097/00041444-199522000-00001 . 45132642 .
• Barillari G, Gendelman R, Gallo RC, Ensoli B . The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, a growth factor for AIDS Kaposi sarcoma and cytokine-activated vascular cells, induces adhesion of the same cell types by using integrin receptors recognizing the RGD amino acid sequence. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 90 . 17 . 7941–5 . 1993 . 7690138 . 47263 . 10.1073/pnas.90.17.7941 . 1993PNAS...90.7941B . free .
• Lyon M, Deakin JA, Mizuno K, Nakamura T, Gallagher JT . Interaction of hepatocyte growth factor with heparan sulfate. Elucidation of the major heparan sulfate structural determinants. . J. Biol. Chem. . 269 . 15 . 11216–23 . 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)78113-7 . 8157651 . free .
• Albini A, Benelli R, Presta M, Rusnati M, Ziche M, Rubartelli A, Paglialunga G, Bussolino F, Noonan D . HIV-tat protein is a heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor. . Oncogene . 12 . 2 . 289–97 . 1996 . 8570206 .
• Soussi-Yanicostas N, Hardelin JP, Arroyo-Jimenez MM, Ardouin O, Legouis R, Levilliers J, Traincard F, Betton JM, Cabanié L, Petit C . Initial characterization of anosmin-1, a putative extracellular matrix protein synthesized by definite neuronal cell populations in the central nervous system. . J. Cell Sci. . 109 . 7 . 1749–57 . 1997 . 10.1242/jcs.109.7.1749 . 8832397 .
• Christa L, Carnot F, Simon MT, Levavasseur F, Stinnakre MG, Lasserre C, Thepot D, Clement B, Devinoy E, Brechot C . HIP/PAP is an adhesive protein expressed in hepatocarcinoma, normal Paneth, and pancreatic cells. . Am. J. Physiol. . 271 . 6 Pt 1 . G993–1002 . 1997 . 8997243 . 10.1152/ajpgi.1996.271.6.G993.
• Rusnati M, Coltrini D, Oreste P, Zoppetti G, Albini A, Noonan D, d'Adda di Fagagna F, Giacca M, Presta M . Interaction of HIV-1 Tat protein with heparin. Role of the backbone structure, sulfation, and size. . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 17 . 11313–20 . 1997 . 9111037 . 10.1074/jbc.272.17.11313 . free .
• Oh ES, Couchman JR, Woods A . Serine phosphorylation of syndecan-2 proteoglycan cytoplasmic domain. . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. . 344 . 1 . 67–74 . 1997 . 9244383 . 10.1006/abbi.1997.0180 .
• Ishikawa-Brush Y, Powell JF, Bolton P, Miller AP, Francis F, Willard HF, Lehrach H, Monaco AP . Autism and multiple exostoses associated with an X;8 translocation occurring within the GRPR gene and 3' to the SDC2 gene. . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 6 . 8 . 1241–50 . 1997 . 9259269 . 10.1093/hmg/6.8.1241 . free .
• Chang HC, Samaniego F, Nair BC, Buonaguro L, Ensoli B . HIV-1 Tat protein exits from cells via a leaderless secretory pathway and binds to extracellular matrix-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans through its basic region. . AIDS . 11 . 12 . 1421–31 . 1997 . 9342064 . 10.1097/00002030-199712000-00006 . 7648619 . free .
• Grootjans JJ, Zimmermann P, Reekmans G, Smets A, Degeest G, Dürr J, David G . Syntenin, a PDZ protein that binds syndecan cytoplasmic domains. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 94 . 25 . 13683–8 . 1998 . 9391086 . 28366 . 10.1073/pnas.94.25.13683 . free .
• Cohen AR, Woods DF, Marfatia SM, Walther Z, Chishti AH, Anderson JM, Wood DF . Human CASK/LIN-2 binds syndecan-2 and protein 4.1 and localizes to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells. . J. Cell Biol. . 142 . 1 . 129–38 . 1998 . 9660868 . 2133028 . 10.1083/jcb.142.1.129 .

Notes and References

1. David G, Bai XM, Van der Schueren B, Marynen P, Cassiman JJ, Van den Berghe H . Spatial and temporal changes in the expression of fibroglycan (syndecan-2) during mouse embryonic development . Development . 119 . 3 . 841–54 . June 1994 . 10.1242/dev.119.3.841 . 8187643 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: SDC2 syndecan 2.
3. Maximov A, Tang TS, Bezprozvanny I . Association of the type 1 inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptor with 4.1N protein in neurons . Mol. Cell. Neurosci. . 22 . 2 . 271–83 . February 2003 . 12676536 . 10.1016/s1044-7431(02)00027-1. 2317354 .
4. Cohen AR, Woods DF, Marfatia SM, Walther Z, Chishti AH, Anderson JM, Wood DF . Human CASK/LIN-2 binds syndecan-2 and protein 4.1 and localizes to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells . J. Cell Biol. . 142 . 1 . 129–38 . July 1998 . 9660868 . 2133028 . 10.1083/jcb.142.1.129.
5. Utani A, Nomizu M, Matsuura H, Kato K, Kobayashi T, Takeda U, Aota S, Nielsen PK, Shinkai H . A unique sequence of the laminin alpha 3 G domain binds to heparin and promotes cell adhesion through syndecan-2 and -4 . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 31 . 28779–88 . August 2001 . 11373281 . 10.1074/jbc.M101420200 . free .
6. Granés F, Urena JM, Rocamora N, Vilaró S . Ezrin links syndecan-2 to the cytoskeleton . J. Cell Sci. . 113 (Pt 7) . 1267–76 . April 2000 . 7 . 10.1242/jcs.113.7.1267 . 10704377 .