SYNPO explained

Synaptopodin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYNPO gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

Synaptopodin is an actin-associated protein that may play a role in actin-based cell shape and motility. The name synaptopodin derives from the protein's associations with postsynaptic densities and dendritic spines and with renal podocytes (Mundel et al., 1997).[supplied by OMIM]^[3]

Interactions

SYNPO has been shown to interact with MAGI1.^[4]

Further reading

• Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fleischmann RD, Fuldner RA, Bult CJ, Lee NH, Kirkness EF, Weinstock KG, Gocayne JD, White O . Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence . Nature . 377 . 6547 Suppl . 3–174 . Sep 1995 . 7566098 . .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination . Genome Research . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . Nov 2000 . 11076863 . 310948 . 10.1101/gr.143000 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Research . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . Mar 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Patrie KM, Drescher AJ, Welihinda A, Mundel P, Margolis B . Interaction of two actin-binding proteins, synaptopodin and alpha-actinin-4, with the tight junction protein MAGI-1 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 . 33 . 30183–90 . Aug 2002 . 12042308 . 10.1074/jbc.M203072200 . free .
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, Sakakibara Y, Chiba J, Mizushima-Sugano J, Nakai K, Sugano S . Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions . Genome Research . 14 . 9 . 1711–8 . Sep 2004 . 15342556 . 515316 . 10.1101/gr.2435604 .
• He JC, Husain M, Sunamoto M, D'Agati VD, Klotman ME, Iyengar R, Klotman PE . Nef stimulates proliferation of glomerular podocytes through activation of Src-dependent Stat3 and MAPK1,2 pathways . The Journal of Clinical Investigation . 114 . 5 . 643–51 . Sep 2004 . 15343382 . 514582 . 10.1172/JCI21004 .
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A . From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline . Genome Research . 14 . 10B . 2136–44 . Oct 2004 . 15489336 . 528930 . 10.1101/gr.2576704 .
• Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ . Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells . Nature Biotechnology . 23 . 1 . 94–101 . Jan 2005 . 15592455 . 10.1038/nbt1046 . 7200157 .
• Kremerskothen J, Plaas C, Kindler S, Frotscher M, Barnekow A . Synaptopodin, a molecule involved in the formation of the dendritic spine apparatus, is a dual actin/alpha-actinin binding protein . Journal of Neurochemistry . 92 . 3 . 597–606 . Feb 2005 . 15659229 . 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02888.x . 1837841 .
• Asanuma K, Kim K, Oh J, Giardino L, Chabanis S, Faul C, Reiser J, Mundel P . Synaptopodin regulates the actin-bundling activity of alpha-actinin in an isoform-specific manner . The Journal of Clinical Investigation . 115 . 5 . 1188–98 . May 2005 . 15841212 . 1070637 . 10.1172/JCI23371 .
• Husain M, D'Agati VD, He JC, Klotman ME, Klotman PE . HIV-1 Nef induces dedifferentiation of podocytes in vivo: a characteristic feature of HIVAN . AIDS . 19 . 17 . 1975–80 . Nov 2005 . 16260903 . 10.1097/01.aids.0000191918.42110.27 . 40286329 . free .
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, del Val C, Arlt D, Hahne F, Bechtel S, Simpson J, Hofmann O, Hide W, Glatting KH, Huber W, Pepperkok R, Poustka A, Wiemann S . The LIFEdb database in 2006 . Nucleic Acids Research . 34 . Database issue . D415-8 . Jan 2006 . 16381901 . 1347501 . 10.1093/nar/gkj139 .
• Hirakawa M, Tsuruya K, Yotsueda H, Tokumoto M, Ikeda H, Katafuchi R, Fujimi S, Hirakata H, Iida M . Expression of synaptopodin and GLEPP1 as markers of steroid responsiveness in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis . Life Sciences . 79 . 8 . 757–63 . Jul 2006 . 16564554 . 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.02.031 .
• Asanuma K, Yanagida-Asanuma E, Faul C, Tomino Y, Kim K, Mundel P . Synaptopodin orchestrates actin organization and cell motility via regulation of RhoA signalling . Nature Cell Biology . 8 . 5 . 485–91 . May 2006 . 16622418 . 10.1038/ncb1400 . 12861229 .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . Nov 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . free .
• Garovic VD, Wagner SJ, Petrovic LM, Gray CE, Hall P, Sugimoto H, Kalluri R, Grande JP . Glomerular expression of nephrin and synaptopodin, but not podocin, is decreased in kidney sections from women with preeclampsia . Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation . 22 . 4 . 1136–43 . Apr 2007 . 17255128 . 10.1093/ndt/gfl711 . free .

Notes and References

1. Mundel P, Heid HW, Mundel TM, Krüger M, Reiser J, Kriz W . Synaptopodin: an actin-associated protein in telencephalic dendrites and renal podocytes . The Journal of Cell Biology . 139 . 1 . 193–204 . Oct 1997 . 9314539 . 2139823 . 10.1083/jcb.139.1.193 .
2. Kikuno R, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Research . 6 . 3 . 197–205 . Jun 1999 . 10470851 . 10.1093/dnares/6.3.197 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: SYNPO synaptopodin.
4. Patrie KM, Drescher AJ, Welihinda A, Mundel P, Margolis B . Interaction of two actin-binding proteins, synaptopodin and alpha-actinin-4, with the tight junction protein MAGI-1 . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 . 33 . 30183–90 . Aug 2002 . 12042308 . 10.1074/jbc.M203072200 . free .