| Honorific-Prefix: | The Hon. |
| Sydney Chilton Mewburn | |
| Constituency Mp: | Hamilton East |
| Parliament: | Canadian |
| Predecessor: | Samuel Barker |
| Successor: | George Septimus Rennie |
| Term Start: | 1917 |
| Term End: | 1926 |
| Birth Date: | 4 December 1863 |
| Birth Place: | Hamilton, Canada West |
| Party: | Conservative |
| Cabinet: | Minister of Militia and Defence (1917-1920) |
| Allegiance: | Canada |
| Branch: | Canadian Army |
| Serviceyears: | ?-1917 |
| Rank: | Major-General |
| Commands: | Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (13th Royal Regiment c. 1910) |
| Battles: | Vimy |
Sydney Chilton Mewburn, (December 4, 1863 - August 11, 1956) was a Canadian lawyer, soldier, and politician.Born in Hamilton, Canada West, he was the Minister of Militia and Defence from October 12, 1917, to January 15, 1920, under Sir Robert Borden's Union Government. Mewburn was Commanding Officer (Colonel) of the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry (13th Royal Regiment as of 1910)[1] and served during World War I, he was a Major General (and Adjutant-General) in the Canadian Army before his appointment as Minister of Militia in October 1917. His son John Mewburn served in the Canadian Expeditionary Force and was killed in action during the Battle of Flers–Courcelette in September 1916.
Mewburn was later the Chair of the 1920 Canadian Battlefields Memorials Commission, which selected the site for the Vimy Memorial.[2]